Applying Hessian Curves in Parallel to Improve Elliptic Curve Scalar Multiplication Hardware

As a public key cryptography, Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) is well known to be the most secure algorithms that can be used to protect information during the transmission. ECC in its arithmetic computations suffers from modular inversion operation. Modular Inversion is a main arithmetic and very long-time operation that performed by the ECC crypto-processor. The use of projective coordinates to define the Elliptic Curves (EC) instead of affine coordinates replaced the inversion operations by several multiplication operations. Many types of projective coordinates have been proposed for the elliptic curve E: y2 = x3 + ax + b which is defined over a Galois field GF(p) to do EC arithmetic operations where it was found that these several multiplications can be implemented in some parallel fashion to obtain higher performance. In this work, we will study Hessian projective coordinates systems over GF (p) to perform ECC doubling operation by using parallel multipliers to obtain maximum parallelism to achieve maximum gain

Increased CD4 ؉ Expression and Decreased IL-10 in the Anterior Chamber in Idiopathic Uveitis

PURPOSE. To compare cell types and cytokines in aqueous humor from patients with uveitis either occurring in association with a systemic disease or apparently isolated and not associated with a systemic disease. METHODS. Cells were collected by centrifugation of fresh aqueous humor from uveitis and controls, and immunofluorescence techniques were performed with markers for T cells, B cells, and monocytes. Cytokines were measured in the aqueous supernatants, and serum samples were assayed for soluble interleukin-2 receptors. RESULTS. When aqueous samples from idiopathic uveitis were compared with those from uveitis associated with a systemic disease, there were increases in CD3 ϩ , CD4 ϩ (p ϭ 0.001), and activated CD4 ϩ T cells (p ϭ 0.02) and a decrease in B cells (p ϭ 0.0013). This was not reflected in the peripheral blood where there were no differences in the cell types or in soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels. No cells were obtainable from control aqueous. Interleukins-10 and -12, interferon-␥, and transforming growth factor-␤2 were detected in aqueous supernatants. Interleukin-10 was reduced (p ϭ 0.024) in uveitis in comparison with controls

Economic Movements Within Sufism in Java: a Case Study on Qadiriyah and Naqsyabandiyah Sufi Orders

This study aims at elaborating the relationship between Sufism and economics. It shows that Sufism does not totally abstain from getting in touch with worldly issues. Furthermore, it attempts to develop the thesis of Webber – that religion motivates its adherents to improve work ethics and economic development– into Sufism. The method bases on grounded research by qualitative approach. It employs constant analysis. This research involved three Pesantrens; a) Pesantren Suryalaya West Java; b) Pesantren Darul Ulum Jombang East Java; and, c) Pesantren Futuhiyah Mranggen Demak, Central Java, as representatives of the economic movements of Qadiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah Sufi orders (TQN) in Java. The findings confirm that the economicmovement in TQN is dynamic for it depends on teachers\u27 views. The strongest economic Movement is TQN of Pesantren Suryalaya, followed by TQN of Pesantren Darul Ulum Jombang. The strength of economic activity at TQN of Futuhiyah Mranggen is not that obvious

Spam Trapping System: Novel security framework to fight against spam botnets

In this paper, we inspire from two analogies: the warfare kill zone and the airport check-in system, to tackle the issue of spam botnet detection. We add a new line of defense to the defense-in-depth model called the third line. This line is represented by a security framework, named the Spam Trapping System (STS) and adopts the prevent-then-detect approach to fight against spam botnets. The framework exploits the application sandboxing principle to prevent the spam from going out of the host and detect the corresponding malware bot. We show that the proposed framework can ensure better security against malware bots. In addition, an analytical study demonstrates that the framework offers optimal performance in terms of detection time and computational cost in comparison to intrusion detection systems based on static and dynamic analysis. © 2014 IEEE

Scimitar syndrome with tetralogy of fallot and pulmonary atresia

Scimitar syndrome is a rare variant of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection. The association of Scimitar syndrome with another cardiac congenital anomaly such as tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia is extremely rare; we are reporting a successful combined treatment using transcatheter closure of major aorto-pulmonary collateral and a single-stage surgical correction in eighteen month old boy diagnosed as Scimitar syndrome with tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary atresia

Correlation of serum insulin like growth factor-I with retinopathy in Malaysian pregnant diabetics

AIM: To study the association of serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) with diabetic retinopathy. ·METHODS: Serum IGF-1 levels were measured in 25 pregnant diabetic patients and 25 pregnant non-diabetic patients who were matched for age, ethnicity, parity and period of gestation. Fundus examination was performed in both groups at 28, 32 and 36 weeks of gestation. ·RESULTS: The serum IGF-I level was significantly elevated in pregnant diabetics compared to pregnant non-diabetics (366± 199滋g/L 184± 89滋g/L, ( =0.0001) at 24 weeks, 535± 251滋g/L 356± 89滋g/L, ( =0.007) at 32 weeks and 404± 166滋g/L 264± 113滋g/L, ( =0.003) at 36 weeks of gestation). The pregnant diabetics with established diabetes had significantly higher IGF-1 level than gestational diabetes at 28, 32 and 36 weeks of gestation. The serum IGF-I level in pregnant diabetics with retinopathy was significantly higher than in those without retinopathy at all periods of gestation