Perencanaan Jalan Lingkar Utara Kota Wonosari, Kabupaten Gunung Kidul, Provinsi Daerah Istimewa YOGYAKARTA

Economic development and growth in the City Wonosari relatively fast growing, giving rise to the high mobility of the impact on the increase in traffic flow, traffic volume and road network system. One effort to do that with the planned construction of the North Ring Road City Wonosari able to support the creation of a transportation system that is effective, efficient, provide smooth transport, and increasing the role and function of national roads which have an important role in the conduct of regional transport flows in the Province Central Java. From the analysis of the northern ring road planning Wonosari City in accordance with the volume of traffic survey determined the number of lanes is 2/2 UD. From the calculation of the northern ring road planning Wonosari City, at the intersection specified the use of rigid pavement while traffic along the ring road north of the City Wonosari using flexible pavements

Bladder Antimuscarinics and Cognitive Decline in Elderly Patients

Introduction: The evidence on the impact of bladder antimuscarinics initiation on cognitive function in older adults is inconsistent. Methods: A retrospective analysis of data from the National Alzheimer\u27s Coordinating Center (NACC) on enrollees 65 years and older evaluated the association between antimuscarinic initiation and cognitive decline. We defined decline from baseline (yes/no) for cognitive assessments included in the NACC Uniform Data Set 2.0 battery. New users were matched on year of enrollment and time in the cohort to randomly selected nonusers. Analyses were conducted using inverse probability of treatment weights based on baseline propensity scores. Results: Our analyses included 698 new users and 7037 nonusers. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval for cognitive decline in users as compared to nonusers was 1.4 (1.19–1.65) for Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE), and 1.21 (1.03–1.42) for Clinical Dementia Rating; in addition, the odds of decline were 20% higher in users compared to nonusers for semantic memory/language and executive function. The effect estimate for MMSE was 1.94 (1.3–2.91) for those with mild cognitive impairment, 1.26 (0.99–1.62) in those with normal cognition, and 1.44 (1.04–1.99) in those with dementia at baseline. Discussion: Our results show that antimuscarinic initiation is associated with cognitive decline and raise questions about their use, especially in those with impaired cognition

Kajian Reaktivasi Jalur Lintas Cabang Daerah Operasional IV (Daop IV)

The Central Java government was planning to reoperate unused railway, considering the road traffic that was increasing rapidly in Central Java. Today, Central Java region has 663 km of unoperated railway. Most of it was located in the 4th operational region (DAOP IV). This research was planned to make a priority scales about railways which had some potensial to reopen and its properness financially. The activating priority scales which was used in this operation based on analytical demand and analytical supply. Analytical demand consists of the traffic rate and the amount of passenger\u27s movements at the OD datas. Whereas, analytical supply consists of analytical techniques seen from field conditions such as terrain availability, tools or places conditions, and accessibility. The results shows that unoperated track between Semarang-Demak-Purwodadi-Blora-Cepu has the most potencial to reactivate again for passengers purpose. On the other hand, unoperated track which goes to Tanjung Emas Harbour also become the most potencial track to reactivate considering increasing activities in this harbour. Based on the analytical results, there were two passenger\u27s scenarios for shifting the use of train transport, optimisstic scenario and pessimistic scenario. The optimisstic scenario was estimated to had 5058 passengers/day. While, the pessimistic scenario was estimated to had 1759 passengers/day. In order to reactivate the unoperated track between Semarang-Demak-Purwodadi-Blora-Cepu, a new construction was needed. It was because some of the old constructions were vanished and the railway type was very tiny, which were R.25 and R.33 type. All of those things above made this project highly cost, not to mention tools and operational funds to spend for its. From the financial view, the analytical result shows that NPV value was positive, BCR > 1, so it was good enough to reactivated. But, looking at the FIRR results, Semarang-Purwodadi track is the best option, considering its value is 5,69%, while for Semarang-Demak track is only 3,49%, and for Semarang-Cepu track is only 3,47%. For a better result, reactivation process of this track need to consider surrounding area within the track. Also, it needs better knowledge to understand commodity and region potential in order to raise the incomes

Perencanaan Penggantian Jembatan Juwet Kabupaten Pemalang

Juwet Bridge is located approximately one kilometer to the south of Comal Bridge Pemalang District is one of the alternative bridges used when the Comal Bridge collapsed. In this final Juwet Bridge which has a width of only 3 meters is designed with a larger capacity and functioned as an alternative pathway Comal Bridge. Planning on aspects of traffic using a design life of 20 years with the growth of the vehicle based on a linear regression of 642 veh / year and using two scenarios, there are normal conditions (2 Comal Bridge function) and incidental conditions (only 1 Comal Bridge functioning). Initial planning, the alternative pathway using a type 2/2 UD. In normal conditions, the distribution of traffic flow 70% for Comal Bridge and 30% for Juwet Bridge produce a degree of saturation (DS) under 0.75 over the life of the plan. In the incidental conditions, the distribution of traffic flow 60% for Comal Bridge and 40% for Juwet Bridge, DS value is 0.81. Assuming then use 2/2 type UD with 8 meters wide still used. New Juwet Bridge continue to use steel as the structure and the upper structure of reinforced concrete for the structure underneath. Planned implementation within 8 months at a cost of Rp. 36.4 billion. In this final project scope of the planned bridge elements include work for the overall structure of the bridge and approach bridge. Given this new Juwet Bridge when congestion occurs on the Pantura line around Comal Bridge, the bridge is able to be an alternative pathway in servicing and reducing the burden of most of the traffic flow on the Pantura line

Penggantian Jembatan Kaligung Tuwel Dengan Menggunakan Konstruksi Rangka Baja

Kaligung Bridge is located in Tuwel village of Slawi in Tegal regency. The Bridge connects Bumijawa and Tuwel area and stretches along 70 meters above Kaligung river. In this project, Kaligung Tuwel bridge was designed as a steel truss system. The design steps are as follows : analysis of the existing conditions, design the upper structure and the substructure of the bridge, and calculate budget plan (RAB). The Design of the upper structure considers loads such as : self weight, dead load, traffic load, wind load, and seismic load. The design was carried out using LRFD (Load and Resistance Factor Design) method. Next, the substructure was designed by calculating the dimension of the foundation and abutment. The foundation was designed as a caisson while the abutment wasof cantilever type

Perencanaan Peningkatan Jalan Tembus Jl. Ambarawa- Jl. Soekarno Hatta, Bawen, Semarang

Highway with it's accessories are a mode of land transport infrastructure wich are essential to the flow of services and commodity that pass through the land. With the flow of commodity and services, it will affect the economic and social development around the existing road infrastructure. Semarang has a strategic location in the development of the Province of Central Java, because Semarang crossed by important lines that connect to the regional growth centers such as Semarang, Surakarta, and Yogyakarta and it's location close to the capital city of Central Java Province, wich is the center of economic activity, governance, social and cultural areas in Central Java. However, various problems of traffic jam occurs in the area of Semarang, this requiring an improvement road planning that will be an alternative way into the city of Semarang. Passageway of Jl. Ambarawa- Jl. Soekarno Hatta located between Ambarawa and Bawen with land use as residential areas, schools, fields, and forests. The main problem that occurred in this passageway are a pretty damage road caused by overload traffic flow and also because of pavement over time factor and because of the road capacity doesn't required yet to accommodate the current traffic load. The purpose and goal of this evaluation and improvement are to maximize road function as an alternative way, in the end it'll support a movement that can achieve economic growth of the area as well as reduce the problem, with a longer design time. The results of evaluation for the existing roads are gives several factors to improvement road. Due to the improvement and widening of road, it is automaticaly should redesign the geometry. The entire analysis and engineering calculations are based on the Highways Regulations and Indonesian National Standard. The results of improvement design it is carried one step of planning to widen this road in 2016, for a Rengas-Bawen segment, Gembol-Doplang segment and Harjosari-Doplang segment now widened into 7 m, for Rengas – Bawen segment before was 5 m of lane, and was 3 m for Gembol-Doplang and Doplang-Harjosari, three of them are design with 2/2 undevided lane, with new shoulder width 1 m. Design pavement used flexible ones and for the existing pavement need overlay with thick layer of 7 cm using Laston MS 454. For widening used surface course with thick layer of 10 cm using Laston MS 454, for base course using a class A crushed stone with a thickness of 20 cm CBR 100% and the subbase course using class B gravel CBR 50% with thick layer of 12 cm and lied on subgrade form browny red silty clay with sand in CBR 6%. Hope that this evaluation and improvement design can provide comfort services to road users during the specified design time of 10 years with a plan of speed 50 km / hour and a maximum slope of 9%

THE QUALITY OF THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT IN FISH PONDS

In our country, the most widespread growth system is the semi-intensive one with growth units represented by ponds (anthropogenic ecosystems). The semi-intensive fish culture is based on the natural productivity and / or enriched by fertilization of the anthropogenic ecosystems, respectively also on the administration of supplementary food. In fact, semi-intensive cultivation involves obtaining a fish biomass with low production costs due to the use of inexpensive inputs. The productionprofile and the way of obtaining it determine the structure and duration oftheexploitation cycle within a fish farm