Protective effect of Moringa oleifera leaves against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits

Oxidative stress due to abnormal production of reactive oxygen species has been implicated in the nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin. The nephroprotective effect of aqueous-ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves (150 and 300. mg/kg) was evaluated against gentamicin-induced (80. mg/kg) renal injury in rabbits. Serum urea and creatinine levels were evaluated as the markers of renal nephrotoxicity. At the end of the experiment, the kidneys of rabbits were excised for histological examinations and determination of lipid peroxidation levels. Serum urea and creatinine levels were reduced in the M. oleifera (150 and 300. mg/kg) plus gentamicin treated groups. On histological examinations, kidney of intoxicated rabbits groups which received M. oleifera extract showed reparative tendencies. A highly significant (. p<. 0.01) elevation was observed in lipid peroxidation (LPO) level in the kidneys of gentamicin-intoxicated rabbits whereas combined treatment of M. oleifera and gentamicin group showed a highly significant (. p<. 0.01) depletion in LPO. The present study indicates that aqueous-ethanolic extract of M. oleifera leaves attenuates renal injury in rabbits treated with gentamicin, possibly by inhibiting lipid peroxidation. © 2011 Elsevier GmbH.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Tuberculose du col utérin simulant un cancer du col utérin : à propos d’un cas, au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro Sanou de Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

Il s'est agi d'un cas de tuberculose du col utérin dont le diagnostic au premier abord n'a pas été évident. En effet une patiente a été adressée à notre département pour suspicion de cancer du col utérin. C'était une deuxième geste, avec un enfant vivant de 9 ans et une fausse couche, présentant une aménorrhée secondaire de 9 ans. Le diagnostic retenu, après un premier examen du col a été celui d'une exocervicite. Un traitement institué par voie locale et générale pendant 3 mois, n'a pas donné de résultats satisfaisants. Le diagnostic de suspicion de cancer a été alors retenu devant un col qui saignait au contact cette fois ci et une biopsie de confirmation histologique a été indiquée. On a retrouvé à l'examen anatomopathologique, un granulome épithélio-giganto-cellulaire avec nécrose caséeuse, compatible avec une tuberculose cervicale. Un bilan de terrain a montré une petite lame pleurale à la radiographie des poumons. Un traitement antituberculeux institué à partir de ses résultats a conduit à la guérison. La place de l’examen anatomopathologique dans la décision diagnostique et thérapeutique a été déterminante ici. C’est pourquoi il ne faut pas hésiter à faire une biopsie devant une lésion du col qui se rebelle à un traitement approprié. En association avec une aménorrhée secondaire, un tel tableau doit faire évoquer une possible tuberculose du col.Mots-clés : cancer du col utérin, aménorrhée secondaire, histologie, tuberculose cervicale

Th e benign tumours of skin adnexal diagnosed in Th e benign tumours of skin adnexal diagnosed in ouagadougou: Histopathological and epidemiological ouagadougou: Histopathological and epidemiological profi leprofi

Introduction: The tumours of skin adnexal are rare and very often benign. Because of their large diversity they caused some diagnose and classification problems. They are tumours of ten mixed up with other skin tumours. The objective of this study was to study the histopathological and epidemiological profile of the benign skin adnexal tumours in Ouagadougou and to classify them according to the differenciation type in order to well know them and improve their treatment. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective study on the period of sixteen years going from 1st January 1998 to 31 December 2013. This study interested all cases of benign skin adnexal tumours histologically confirmed (diagnosed) in the three pathology laboratories of the Ouagadougou town. Results: We collected sixty cases of skin adnexal tumours on the total of 763 cases of skin tumours representing 7.8%. The benign tumours represented 86 % of the adnexal tumour cases. These tumours were occurred in the relatively young age and were preferentially located on the head (cephalic) extremity. On the histological plan, the hair follicle tumours were more frequent (42.5%) followed by sweat gland tumours (30.5%) and sebaceous gland tumours (27%). Conclusion: The annex tumours are majoritary benign occurring often on the head extremity and dominated by the hair follicle tumours

Advances in domestication of indigenous fruit trees in the West African Sahel

Fruit trees play an important nutritional role for livelihoods of rural people in the West African Sahel through provision of energy and nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and proteins. Research on the domestication of local fruit trees has started recently through projects concentrating on some of the most important indigenous species of dry West Africa, i.e. Adansonia digitata, Parkia biglobosa, Tamarindus indica, Vitellaria paradoxa and Ziziphus mauritiana. We present a status of finalised and ongoing domestication research with the aim of defining research gaps that would need to be covered by future research activities to obtain higher yields and better quality fruits. Germplasm collection in central West Africa has been intense compared to elsewhere in the species' distribution areas, but conservation status of the material is poor since it is only planted in few trials. Knowledge of genetic parameters, especially for fruit traits, is almost absent, but characterisation of genotypes is underway for some of the species. Mating systems and patterns are still unknown for many species. Efficient vegetative propagation based on simple techniques was shown to be possible for all species except P. biglobosa. In order to secure immediate as well as long term gains, we recommend combining clonal propagation of selected plus individuals with recombination and breeding of selected genotypes. We discuss whether local institutions in the Sahel have the financial capacity to carry out long term breeding programmes, and suggest that efforts should be made to find new ways of disseminating improved germplasm