Genetic Performance and General Combining Ability of Oil Palm Deli dura x AVROS pisifera Tested on Inland Soils

The performance of 11 oil palm AVROS (Algemene Vereniging van Rubberplanters ter Oostkust van Sumatra) pisiferas was evaluated based on their 40 dura x pisifera (DxP) progenies tested on inland soils, predominantly of Serdang Series. Fresh fruit bunch (FFB) yield of each pisiferas ranged from 121.93 to 143.9 kg palm−1 yr−1 with trial mean of 131.62 kg palm−1 yr−1. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed low genetic variability among pisifera parents for most of the characters indicating uniformity of the pisifera population. This was anticipated as the AVROS pisiferas were derived from small population and were inbred materials. However, some of the pisiferas have shown good general combining ability (GCA) for certain important economic traits. Three pisiferas (P1 (0.174/247), P3 (0.174/498), P11 (0.182/308)) were identified of having good GCA for FFB yield while pisiferas P1 (0.174/247), P10 (0.182/348), and P11 (0.182/308) were good combiners for oil-to-bunch ratio (O/B). The narrow genetic base of these materials was the main obstacle in breeding and population improvement. However, efforts have been made to introgress this material with the vast oil palm germplasm collections of MPOB for rectifying the problem

Genetic variability in yield and vegetative traits in elite germplasm of MPOB-Nigerian dura × AVROS pisifera progenies

Genetic variability study on vegetative and yield traits was carried out through long-term evaluation of eleven MPOB-Nigerian dura × AVROS pisifera (D× P) progenies at MPOB (Malaysian Palm Oil Board) research station located in Kluang, Johor, Malaysia. The D × P progenies were laid out in randomized complete block design in two blocks with 352 oil palm plants occupying a total area of 2.59 hectares. Data on both vegetative and yield traits such as plant height (HT), leaflet number (LN), leaflet length (LL), leaflet width (LW), rachis length (RL), petiole cross-section, leaf area (LA), leaf area index (LAI), fresh fruit bunch (FFB), average bunch weight (ABW), oil yield (OY), kernel yield (KY), mesocarp to fruit (MTF), kernel to fruit (KTF), oil to bunch (OTB), kernel to bunch (KTB) were collected over the years following the standard method. Analysis of variance of the data showed a significant variation among the progenies performance for both vegetative and yield traits, revealing their differences in their genetic origin. Also significant differences were observed for G×R interactions in all the traits collected except for PCR, KPY and ABW. The progenies plant height ranges from 1.53 (PUP1328) to 2.26 m (PUP1328). Also among the traits is PCS with highest value found in progeny PUP 1174 (32.16 cm2), while the lowest reading was found in PUP 1358 (20.54 cm2). The fresh fruit bunch weight for the progenies ranged from 121.03 to 175.16 kg/ palm/yr. Progeny PUP 1303 was found to have the highest value for FFB (175.16 kg/palm/yr), KPY (7.9 kg/palm/yr) and OPY (38.87 kg/palm/yr). From the correlation study, it was found that FFB, which is the most important yield trait, was positive and highly significant with all other yield and vegetative traits except for MTF, KTF, OTB and KTB where the association was non-significant. In this study, great variability has been found to be present among these progenies and this will be of immense benefit for improvement program. Progeny PUP 1303 and PUP 1246 have been identified as the potential parent and they have been selected for further evaluation trial

Identification of surgeon burnout via a single-item measure

Background Burnout is endemic in surgeons in the UK and linked with poor patient safety and quality of care, mental health problems, and workforce sustainability. Mechanisms are required to facilitate the efficient identification of burnout in this population. Multi-item measures of burnout may be unsuitable for this purpose owing to assessment burden, expertise required for analysis, and cost. Aims To determine whether surgeons in the UK reporting burnout on the 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) can be reliably identified by a single-item measure of burnout. Methods Consultant (n = 333) and trainee (n = 217) surgeons completed the MBI and a single-item measure of burnout. We applied tests of discriminatory power to assess whether a report of high burnout on the single-item measure correctly classified MBI cases and non-cases. Results The single-item measure demonstrated high discriminatory power on the emotional exhaustion burnout domain: the area under the curve was excellent for consultants and trainees (0.86 and 0.80), indicating high sensitivity and specificity. On the depersonalisation domain, discrimination was acceptable for consultants (0.76) and poor for trainees (0.69). In contrast, discrimination was acceptable for trainees (0.71) and poor for consultants (0.62) on the personal accomplishment domain. Conclusions A single-item measure of burnout is suitable for the efficient assessment of emotional exhaustion in consultant and trainee surgeons in the UK. Administered regularly, such a measure would facilitate the early identification of at-risk surgeons and swift intervention, as well as the monitoring of group-level temporal trends to inform resource allocation to coincide with peak periods

Identification of Surgeon Burnout via a Single-Item Measure

BackgroundBurnout is endemic in surgeons in the UK and linked with poor patient safety and quality of care, mental health problems, and workforce sustainability. Mechanisms are required to facilitate the efficient identification of burnout in this population. Multi-item measures of burnout may be unsuitable for this purpose owing to assessment burden, expertise required for analysis, and cost.AimsTo determine whether surgeons in the UK reporting burnout on the 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) can be reliably identified by a single-item measure of burnout.MethodsConsultant (n = 333) and trainee (n = 217) surgeons completed the MBI and a single-item measure of burnout. We applied tests of discriminatory power to assess whether a report of high burnout on the single-item measure correctly classified MBI cases and non-cases.ResultsThe single-item measure demonstrated high discriminatory power on the emotional exhaustion burnout domain: the area under the curve was excellent for consultants and trainees (0.86 and 0.80), indicating high sensitivity and specificity. On the depersonalisation domain, discrimination was acceptable for consultants (0.76) and poor for trainees (0.69). In contrast, discrimination was acceptable for trainees (0.71) and poor for consultants (0.62) on the personal accomplishment domain.ConclusionsA single-item measure of burnout is suitable for the efficient assessment of emotional exhaustion in consultant and trainee surgeons in the UK. Administered regularly, such a measure would facilitate the early identification of at-risk surgeons and swift intervention, as well as the monitoring of group-level temporal trends to inform resource allocation to coincide with peak periods

The cientificWorldJOURNAL Research Article Genetic Performance and General Combining Ability of Oil Palm Deli dura x AVROS pisifera Tested on Inland Soils

The performance of 11 oil palm AVROS (Algemene Vereniging van Rubberplanters ter Oostkust van Sumatra) pisiferas was evaluated based on their 40 dura x pisifera (DxP) progenies tested on inland soils, predominantly of Serdang Series. Fresh fruit bunch (FFB) yield of each pisiferas ranged from 121.93 to 143.9 kg palm −1 yr −1 with trial mean of 131.62 kg palm −1 yr −1 . Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed low genetic variability among pisifera parents for most of the characters indicating uniformity of the pisifera population. This was anticipated as the AVROS pisiferas were derived from small population and were inbred materials. However, some of the pisiferas have shown good general combining ability (GCA) for certain important economic traits. Three pisiferas (P1 (0.174/247), P3 (0.174/498), P11 (0.182/308)) were identified of having good GCA for FFB yield while pisiferas P1 (0.174/247), P10 (0.182/348), and P11 (0.182/308) were good combiners for oil-to-bunch ratio (O/B). The narrow genetic base of these materials was the main obstacle in breeding and population improvement. However, efforts have been made to introgress this material with the vast oil palm germplasm collections of MPOB for rectifying the problem

Impact of Drying Regimes and Different Coating Layers on Carboxymethyl Cellulose Cross-Linked with Citric Acid on Cotton Thread Fibers for Wound Dressing Modification

The oldest preservation techniques used are drying techniques, which are employed to remove moisture and prevent microorganisms’ growths, prolonging a material’s shelf life. This study evaluates the effects of drying methods on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) + citric acid (CA) coating layers on cotton threads. For this reason, cotton threads were washed and then coated with different layers of CMC cross-linked with CA, followed by drying using an oven (OD), infrared (IR), and a combination of oven + IR (OIR) drying methods at 65 °C. Our investigations revealed that CMC + CA yields a pliable biopolymer. The differences in drying regimes and coating layers of CMC + CA have a significant effect on the coated cotton thread strength and absorption capability. The study concluded that the IR drying regime is more effective to dry a single-layered cotton thread with a single layer of CMC + CA coating to enhance desirable properties for wound dressing modification