Evaluation of uterine cervix with transvaginal ultrasonography in women with threatened preterm labor and or preterm labor

Background: Preterm delivery can be associated with substantial perinatal morbidity and mortality. Nearly in 5 to 13% of pregnancies, happening deliveries are preterm before 37 weeks' gestation. Thus, prediction of preterm labor in parturient can provide a window of opportunity to prevent these complications and to be better prepared to deal with them. Hence the current study has been conducted with an objective to assess the efficiency of cervical length and funneling as assessed by transvaginal ultrasonography in predicting preterm labor.Methods: The current study was a prospective study, conducted in the Department of Obstetrics Emergencies, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital between November 2015 to April 2017. The study population included 60 women with singleton pregnancy of gestational age between 28 + 0 and 36 + 6 weeks and with painful and regular contractions (>1/10 min for at least 1 hour). Cervical length, funnelling length measured at presentation and after 48 hours were considered as predictor variables. The outcomes of interest were delivery within 1 week, delivery before 37 weeks and delivery before 34 weeks.Results: There was a statistically significant difference in cervical length and funnelling length between term and preterm groups at the time of diagnosis and after 48 hours (P <0.001). The positive predictive value increased from 33.3% to 100% with cervical length ≤ 40 mm to ≤ 20 mm. The negative predictive value decreased from 100% to 79.2% with cervical length ≤40 mm to ≤20 mm. To predict a preterm delivery in threatened preterm delivery patients, the sensitivity of a cervical length of ≤25 mm was 77.7%, specificity was 95.2%, the positive predictive value was 87.5% and negative predictive value is 90.9%.Conclusions: Cervical length and funnelling as assessed by transvaginal ultrasonography are efficient in predicting preterm labor

EFFECT OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF ACHYRANTHES ASPERA ON HALOPERIDOLINDUCED PARKINSON'S DISEASE IN WISTAR RATS

  Objective: Prolonged usage of neuroleptics in psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia provokes extrapyramidal symptoms that are also seen in Parkinson's disease. An attempt has been made to study the neuroprotective role of Achyranthes aspera hydroalcoholic (HA) extract on haloperidol-induced Parkinson's symptoms in Wistar rats.Methods: The present study deals with the antiparkinson effect of HA extract of A. aspera on haloperidol (2 mg/kg intraperitoneal administration)- induced catatonia in Wistar rats. The motor coordination in case of haloperidol-treated animals was studied by performing rotarod test and hang test. Dopamine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid were estimated using an electrochemical detector and high-performance liquid chromatography. The antioxidant status was also assessed to know the neurotoxicity of haloperidol by estimating the levels of lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, glutathione (GSH) peroxidase, and reduced GSH by performing individual assays.Results: All these assessments were done on 24 Wistar rats which were divided into four groups (n=6). HA was administered at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses, 30 minutes before haloperidol treatment for 20 days. HA significantly (*p&lt;0.05, **p&lt;0.01) improved the antioxidant status.Conclusion: The results shown that HA shows a protective role in haloperidol catalepsy and also possess antioxidant property

Hydrogen Bond Symmetrization in Glycinium Oxalate under Pressure

We report here the evidences of hydrogen bond symmetrization in the simplest amino acid- carboxylic acid complex, glycinium oxalate, at moderate pressures of 8 GPa using in-situ infrared and Raman spectroscopic investigations combined with first-principles simulations. The protonation of the semioxalate units through dynamic proton movement results in infinite oxalate chains. At pressures above 12 GPa, the glycine units systematically reorient with pressure to form hydrogen bonded supramolecular assemblies held together by these chains

1,3,4-Oxadiazole Dimers: New and Effective corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in sulphuric acid solution

The corrosion inhibition property of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole dimers have been investigated for mild steel in acidic environment using gravimetric method, Tafel polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and adsorption isotherm. The results revealed that 1,3,4-Oxadiazole dimers had excellent corrosion inhibition property for mild steel in 1M H2SO4 acid media and its inhibitive efficiency was more than 99% even with a low concentration of 1000ppm.The adsorption of the organic compounds on the mild steel surface obeyed Langmuir adsorption  isotherm. IR spectra and SEM proved the adsorption of organic inhibitors and the formation of corrosion products on the mild steel surface.Â

Effects of magnetic field induced chiral-spin interactions on quasi-one-dimensional spin systems

It is known that in certain non-bipartite quasi-one dimensional spin systems in a magnetic field, in addition to the usual Pauli coupling of the spins to the field, new parity breaking three spin interactions, i.e. chiral spin interactions, are induced at higher order due to virtual processes involving the intrinsic electronic nature of the underlying spins. The strenght of these interactions depend strongly on the orientation of the field, a feature which can be exploited to detect chiral effects experimentally. In many spin systems, these chiral interactions are generated and should be taken into account before any comparison with experiments can be made. We study the effect of the chiral interactions on certain quasi-one-dimensional gapped spin half systems and show that they can potentially alter the physics expected from the Pauli coupling alone. In particular, we demonstrate that these terms alter the universality class of the C-IC transition in spin-tubes. More interestingly, in weakly coupled XX zig-zag ladders, we find that the field induced chiral term can close the singlet gap and drive a second order transition in the non-magnetic singlet sector, which manifests itself as a two component Luttinger liquid-like behaviour in the spin correlation functions. Finally, we discuss the relevance of our results to experiments.Comment: RevTex, 11 pages, 3 figure

5-Acetyl-4-(2-chloro­phen­yl)-6-methyl-3,4-dihydro­pyrimidine-2(1H)-thione

In the title mol­ecule, C13H13ClN2OS, the heterocyclic ring adopts a flattened boat conformation with the plane through the four coplanar atoms making a dihedral angle of 85.6 (1)° with the benzene ring, which adopts an axial orientation. The thionyl, acetyl and methyl groups all have equatorial orientations. Inter­molecular N—H⋯O, N—H⋯S and C—H⋯S hydrogen bonds are found in the crystal structure. A weak C—H⋯π inter­action involving the benzene ring also occurs

A non-Hermitian critical point and the correlation length of strongly correlated quantum systems

We study a non-Hermitian generalization of quantum systems in which an imaginary vector potential is added to the momentum operator. In the tight-binding approximation, we make the hopping energy asymmetric in the Hermitian Hamiltonian. In a previous article, we conjectured that the non-Hermitian critical point where the energy gap vanishes is equal to the inverse correlation length of the Hermitian system and we confirmed the conjecture for two exactly solvable systems. In this article, we present more evidence for the conjecture. We also argue the basis of our conjecture by noting the dispersion relation of the elementary excitation.Comment: 25 pages, 18 figure

Numerical and approximate analytical results for the frustrated spin-1/2 quantum spin chain

We study the $T=0$ frustrated phase of the $1D$ quantum spin-$\frac 12$ system with nearest-neighbour and next-nearest-neighbour isotropic exchange known as the Majumdar-Ghosh Hamiltonian. We first apply the coupled-cluster method of quantum many-body theory based on a spiral model state to obtain the ground state energy and the pitch angle. These results are compared with accurate numerical results using the density matrix renormalisation group method, which also gives the correlation functions. We also investigate the periodicity of the phase using the Marshall sign criterion. We discuss particularly the behaviour close to the phase transitions at each end of the frustrated phase.Comment: 17 pages, Standard Latex File + 7 PostScript figures in separate file. Figures also can also be requested from [email protected]

Coulombian Disorder in Periodic Systems

We study the effect of unscreened charged impurities on periodic systems. We show that the long wavelength component of the disorder becomes long ranged and dominates static correlation functions. On the other hand, because of the statistical tilt symmetry, dynamical properties such as pinning remain unaffected. As a concrete example, we focus on the effect of Coulombian disorder generated by charged impurities, on 3D charge density waves with non local elasticity. We calculate the x-ray intensity and find that it is identical to the one produced by thermal fluctuations in a disorder-free smectic-A. We discuss the consequences of these results for experiments.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, revtex