Lead-oxygen closed-loop battery system

Calculations show that battery can deliver up to 35 watt-hours per pound, conventional lead-acid batteries deliver 10 to 15 watt-hours per pound. Weight reduction is due to replacement of solid lead-peroxide electrodes with metal current-collector screen, catalyst, and Teflon membrane

The beginnings of geography teaching and research in the University of Glasgow: the impact of J.W. Gregory

J.W. Gregory arrived in Glasgow from Melbourne in 1904 to take up the post of foundation Professor of Geology in the University of Glasgow. Soon after his arrival in Glasgow he began to push for the setting up of teaching in Geography in Glasgow, which came to pass in 1909 with the appointment of a Lecturer in Geography. This lecturer was based in the Department of Geology in the University's East Quad. Gregory's active promotion of Geography in the University was matched by his extensive writing in the area, in textbooks, journal articles and popular books. His prodigious output across a wide range of subject areas is variably accepted today, with much of his geomorphological work being judged as misguided to varying degrees. His 'social science' publications - in the areas of race, migration, colonisation and economic development of Africa and Australia - espouse a viewpoint that is unacceptable in the twenty-first century. Nonetheless, that viewpoint sits squarely within the social and economic traditions of Gregory's era, and he was clearly a key 'Establishment' figure in natural and social sciences research in the first half of the twentieth century. The establishment of Geography in the University of Glasgow remains enduring testimony of J.W. Gregory's energy, dedication and foresight

Minimising biases in Full Configuration Interaction Quantum Monte Carlo

We show that Full Configuration Interaction Quantum Monte Carlo (FCIQMC) is a Markov Chain in its present form. We construct the Markov matrix of FCIQMC for a two determinant system and hence compute the stationary distribution. These solutions are used to quantify the dependence of the population dynamics on the parameters defining the Markov chain. Despite the simplicity of a system with only two determinants, it still reveals a population control bias inherent to the FCIQMC algorithm. We investigate the effect of simulation parameters on the population control bias for the neon atom and suggest simulation setups to in general minimise the bias. We show a reweighting scheme to remove the bias caused by population control commonly used in Diffusion Monte Carlo [J. Chem. Phys. 99, 2865 (1993)] is effective and recommend its use as a post processing step.Comment: Supplementary material available as 'Ancillary Files

Microbiological aspects of sterilization development laboratories

Report deals with an investigation of vertical laminar flow clean rooms for use in spacecraft assembly. A reduction of particulate and microbial contamination occurs in the application

Gauge approach to the specific heat in the normal state of cuprates

Many experimental features of the electronic specific heat and entropy of high Tc cuprates in the normal state, including the nontrivial temperature dependence of the specific heat coefficient and negative intercept of the extrapolated entropy to T=0 for underdoped cuprates, are reproduced using the spin-charge gauge approach to the t-J model. The entropy turns out to be basically due to fermionic excitations, but with a temperature dependence of the specific heat coefficient controlled by fluctuations of a gauge field coupling them to gapful bosonic excitations. In particular the negative intercept of the extrapolated entropy at T=0 in the pseudogap ``phase'' is attributed to the scalar component of the gauge field, which implements the local no-double occupancy constraint.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure

High torque bellows seal rotary drive

Bellows seal rotary drive device was developed which allows high torque transmission through sealed compartments. Bearing friction which would normally be carried by sealing bellows in comparable devices is absorbed by universal-gimbal joint. It can be used to transmit high torque, low speed, rotary motion through sealed barriers to prevent contamination or escape of fluids

Bus voltage compensation circuit for controlling direct current motor

Automatic control of voltage supply to direct current moto

Storage and feeding of coal

Reliable feeding of coal from storage bins to process requires the knowledge of the behavior of coal during flow. The study of the flow of bulk solids was undertaken in the 1950's and led to the development of flow ability testing equipment and of the Mass Flow concept of design for reliable flow. The theory has since been expanded to two-phase, solids-gas system, and has found world wide application in the design of storage and feeding systems

Equivalence of pion loops in equal-time and light-front dynamics

We demonstrate the equivalence of the light-front and equal-time formulations of pionic corrections to nucleon properties. As a specific example, we consider the self-energy of a nucleon dressed by pion loops, for both pseudovector and pseudoscalar pion-nucleon couplings. We derive the leading and next-to-leading nonanalytic behavior of the self-energy on the light-front, and show explicitly their equivalence in the rest frame and infinite momentum frame in equal-time quantization, as well as in a manifestly covariant formulation.Comment: 25 pages, 2 figures; typos corrected in Eqs. (A5), (A6), (A8

Temperature of a Decoherent Oscillator with Strong Coupling

The temperature of an oscillator coupled to the vacuum state of a heat bath via ohmic coupling is non-zero, as measured by the reduced density matrix of the oscillator. This paper shows that the actual temperature, as measured by a thermometer is still zero (or in the thermal state of the bath, the temperature of the bath). The decoherence temperature is due to "false-decoherence", with the heat bath state being dragged along with the oscillator.Comment: 6 page