Parameters identification and optimization of photovoltaic panels under real conditions using Lambert W-function

This paper proposes a new approach based on Lambert W-function to extract the electrical parameters of photovoltaic (PV) panels. This approach can extract the optimal electrical characteristics of the PV panel under variable conditions of irradiation and temperature. Three benchmarking panels (shell SP70 monocrystalline silicon, shell ST40 thin film, and KC200GT Polycrystalline Silicon) are demonstrated and analyzed considering the electrical characteristics provided by the manufacturers. A comprehensive assessment is carried out under different weather condition to validate the capability and the robustness of the proposed approach. Furthermore, the simulated output characteristics of the three modules Photovoltaic are almost comparable and reproduce faithfully the manufacturer’s experimental data The novelty of this study is the using a new hybrid analytical and numerical method that straight forward and effective given value of Root mean square error less than those obtained by others methods that indicate the estimated results are very close to the experimental values provided by the manufacturers

Lower Bound on the Magnetic Field Strength of a Magnetar from Analysis of SGR Giant Flares

Based on the magnetar model, we have studied in detail the processes of neutrino cooling of an electron--positron plasma generating an SGR giant flare and the influence of the magnetar magnetic field on these processes. Electron--positron pair annihilation and synchrotron neutrino emission are shown to make a dominant contribution to the neutrino emissivity of such a plasma. We have calculated the neutrino energy losses from a plasma-filled region at the long tail stage of the SGR 0526--66, SGR 1806--20, and SGR 1900+14 giant flares. This plasma can emit the energy observed in an SGR giant flare only in the presence of a strong magnetic field suppressing its neutrino energy losses. We have obtained a lower bound on the magnetic field strength and showed this value to be higher than the upper limit following from an estimate of the magnetic dipole losses for the magnetars being analyzed in a wide range of magnetar model parameters. Thus, it is problematic to explain the observed energy release at the long tail stage of an SGR giant flare in terms of the magnetar model.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figure

Gender-Concealed Concepts in Conceptual Space Languages of Dagestan

The present paper analyzes definitions of the languages of Dagestan with the scope of notions of “the language of men/the language of women”. Many meaningful units of gender are updated within the framework of this classification. The material with a multitude of gender units was dispersed in the conceptual space of Russian and Dagestan languages; however, it was restored by the representation of stereotypes “noun ± adjective”. This allows justifiably to streamline the conceptual space of languages of Dagestan with many interpretations of the surrounding reality. The preference given to the aforementioned classification is because the connotative aspect of nominative units allows for the limination of overlays, i.e. cases of reference of the same interpretations to different terminological headings simultaneously

Definition of a root-mean-square level of noise in optics the electronic channel atomic absorption a spectrometer

Работа посвящена исследованию шумовых характеристик оптикоэлектронного тракта импульсного атомно-абсорбционного спектрометра, рассчитанного на работу с двумя электротермическими атомизаторами — спиральным и графитовым. Исследования проводились в течение времени развития тлеющего разряда в ЛПК при длительности импульса тока 50, 500 мкс и скважности 2–20. Было получено, что с увеличением длительности импульсов тока ЛПК среднеквадратическое значение шума оптикоэлектронного тракта снижается. С целью сравнения приведены среднеквадратические значения шума оптикоэлектронного тракта в непрерывном режиме питания ЛПК. Показано, что в зависимости от элемента катода ЛПК и времени измерения относительно начала импульса тока, вклад шума в относительную ошибку измерений может достигать 5–10 %. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в атомно- абсорбционных спектрометрах с импульсным или непрерывным режимом возбуждения ЛПК.The paper is devoted to research of noises of characteristics of the optic electronic path pulse atomic absorption spectrometer designed for operation with two electro thermal pulverizers — spiral and graphite. Researches were carried out during the time of development of the decaying category in LHC at duration of a pulse of a current 50, 500 µs and porosity 2–20 has been received, that with increase in duration of pulses of a current LHC root-mean-square value of noise of the optics-electronic path is reduced. With the aim of comparison root-mean-square values of optic-electronics path noise in the continuous power supply of LHC are given. It is shown, that depending on an element of the cathode LHC and time of measurement with respect to the beginning of a pulse current, the contribution of noise to a relative error of measurements, can reach 5 up to 10 %. The received results can be used in atomic absorption spectrometers with pulse or continuous a mode of excitation LHC

Dental Material Selection for the Additive Manufacturing of Removable Complete Dentures (RCD)

This research addresses the development of a formalized approach to dental material selection (DMS) in manufacturing removable complete dentures (RDC). Three types of commercially available polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) grades, processed by an identical Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D printer, were compared. In this way, a combination of mechanical, tribological, technological, microbiological, and economic factors was assessed. The material indices were calculated to compare dental materials for a set of functional parameters related to feedstock cost. However, this did not solve the problem of simultaneous consideration of all the material indices, including their significance. The developed DMS procedure employs the extended VIKOR method, based on the analysis of interval quantitative estimations, which allowed the carrying out of a fully fledged analysis of alternatives. The proposed approach has the potential to enhance the efficiency of prosthetic treatment by optimizing the DMS procedure, taking into consideration the prosthesis design and its production route