Creating an accessible environment for children with disabilities in an educational institution

In the article the problem of education for children with disabilities by creating a barrier-free accessible learning environment, disclosed the basic concepts is given regulatory frameworkВ статье рассмотрена проблема обучения детей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья посредством создания безбарьерной образовательной среды, раскрыты основные понятия, приведена нормативная баз

СИНДРОМ ЛАЙЕЛЛА В СУДЕБНО-МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ И ПАТОЛОГО- АНАТОМИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ

We report 9 clinicopathologic cases of Lyell’s syndrome, known as toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Five deceased patients had dermal exposure to cow parsnip, grey mercury ointment or whitening agents. In 4 cases, TEN developed in the course of drug treatment as a part of polytherapy, and in one of them it was accompanied with the infection. All of TEN patients suffered from acute or chronic diseases, endogenous or exogenous intoxication, immunodeficiency.Приводятся 9 клинико-морфологических наблюдений синдрома Лайелла (токсического эпидермального некролиза, ТЭН). У 5 умерших были перкутанные варианты ТЭН в результате контакта с борщевиком, серой ртутной мазью, белилами. В 4 наблюдениях причиной ТЭН были лекарственные средства при политерапии и в одном из них в сочетании с инфекцией. У всех пациентов ТЭН развился на фоне хронических и острых заболеваний, эндо- и экзотоксикозов, иммунодефицита

МУЛЬТИПЛЕКСНОЕ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ОНКОМАРКЕРОВ НА РАЗНЫХ СТАДИЯХ КОЛОРЕКТАЛЬНОГО РАКА

 Introduction. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, over the past decade, the incidence rates of colon and rectal cancers have increased by 23 % and 17 %, respectively. Although colorectal cancer screening rates have increased over time, it is necessary to identify new serum markers for early detection and prognosis of this cancer. The aim of the study was to evaluate the  diagnostic value of serum biomarkers for colorectal cancer. Material and Methods. Biomarkers were studied by immunofluorescence method using xMap technology, which included simultaneous immunofluorescence determination on magnetic spheres CA125, CA15–3, CA19–9, CEA, CYFRA21–1, sFAS, sFasL, HE4, Osteopontin, VEGF-A, pd-L1. Results. The study showed no significant differences in the levels of markersbetween healthy subjects (control group) and patients with bowel diseases. In cancer patients, СEA and OpN markers increased with increasing tumor stage, and were significantly higher than those observed in patients with bowel diseases and controls. The CA125 marker was significantly higher in patients with stage IV cancer then in patients with I–III stages. Conclusion. Our study revealed that the new pd-L1 marker can serve as a significant biomarker for colorectal cancer.  Введение. Колоректальный рак (КРР) занимает одно из ведущих мест в структуре онкологической заболеваемости, в том числе в азиатских странах. В Республике Казахстан прирост заболеваемости раком ободочной кишки за последнее десятилетие составил 23 %, раком прямой кишки  – 17 %. Несмотря на действующие программы скрининга  колоректального рака, продолжается поиск новых, в том числе сывороточных, маркеров для ранней диагностики, а у  пациентов с выявленным КРР – панелей маркеров для прогноза течения заболевания. Целью исследования является изучение диагностической ценности и динамики сывороточных биомаркеров у больных КРР разных стадий. Материал и методы. Биомаркеры изучены  иммунофлуоресцентным методом с использованием технологии xMap, который включал в себя одновременное иммунофлуоресцентное определение на магнитных сферах CA125, CA15–3, CA19–9, CEA, CYFRA21–1, sFAS, sFasL, HE4,  Остеопонтин, VEGF-A, pd-L1. Результаты. Показано, что уровень исследованных  маркеров не имел значимых различий у здоровых лиц и у больных с неонкологической патологией толстой кишки. При КРР выявлена статистически значимая зависимость уровня только 2 биомаркеров – CEA и ОПН – от стадии заболевания. У больных КРР IV стадии наблюдается значимое повышение CA125 по сравнению с новообразованиями I–III стадий. Такие маркеры, как CA19–9, HE-4, CA15–3, CYFRA 21–1, наряду с CEA, могут быть предложены для применения в комплексной  диагностической панели. Полученные результаты  позволяют сделать вывод о диагностических перспективах  маркера pd-L1 при колоректальном раке.

Long-term changes in the area of saline soils recognized by LANDSAT images in Shauldersk irrigated massive

Possibilities to use the archive images obtained by Landsat TM5 in different years have been comprehensively analyzed with the aim at recognizing the soils with different salinity degree. Special approaches were proposed to study the dynamics of saline soils by using the satellite imagery. Based upon a computer analysis of the information transmitted by Landsat in 1987-1988 and 2009-2010 as well as the data of field soil survey, it seemed reasonable to identify changes in the area of such soils in Shauldersk irrigated massive (the South-Kazakhstan region, Republic of Kazakhstan). It was concluded that the share of saline soils revealed an increase at the studied territory within the period from 1987 to 2010

LYELL’S SYNDROME IN MEDICO-LEGAL AND PATHOLOGICAL-ANATOMICAL PRACTICE

We report 9 clinicopathologic cases of Lyell’s syndrome, known as toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Five deceased patients had dermal exposure to cow parsnip, grey mercury ointment or whitening agents. In 4 cases, TEN developed in the course of drug treatment as a part of polytherapy, and in one of them it was accompanied with the infection. All of TEN patients suffered from acute or chronic diseases, endogenous or exogenous intoxication, immunodeficiency

Inflammatory Serum Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer in Kazakhstan Population

Colorectal cancer is a type of oncopathology widespread in Kazakhstan. The genetic component, as well as the possible etiopathogenetic mechanisms, is widely studied. One of the most promising areas is the study of diagnostic and prognostic possibilities of inflammatory biomarkers in patients with different degrees of tumor differentiation. The following biomarkers were included in the study panel: stem cell factor (SCF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF2), interleukin 6 (IL6), interleukin 8 (IL8), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), soluble Fas (SFAS), soluble Fas ligand (sFASL), transforming growth factor β (TGF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). The data of our study show that most of the basic proinflammatory cytokines are involved in the systemic process and their levels do not depend on the level of tissue differentiation. Serum PD-L1 has shown itself to be a promising marker for tumor growth, which depends on the degree of differentiation