Low resistance Cu[3]Ge compounds formation by the lowtemperature treatment of Cu/Ge system in atomic hydrogen

The research deals with the regularities for Cu[3]Ge compound formation under the low temperature treatment of a double-layer Cu/Ge system deposited on i-GaAs substrate in atomic hydrogen flow. The treatment of a Cu/Ge/i-GaAs system with layer thicknesses, respectively, of 122 and 78 nm, in atomic hydrogen with a flow rate of 10{15} at.·сm{-2} s{-1} for a duration of 2.5{-10} min at room temperature, leads to an interdiffusion of Cu and Ge and formation of a polycrystalline film containing stoichiometric phase Cu[3]Ge. The film consists of vertically oriented grains of dimensions 100-150 nm and has a minimum specific resistance of 4.5 [mu omega] сm. Variation in the treatment duration of Cu/Ge/i-GaAs samples in atomic hydrogen affects Cu and Ge distribution profiles, the phase composition of films formed, and the specific resistance of the latter. As observed, Cu3Ge compound synthesis at room temperature demonstrates the stimulative effects characteristic of atomic hydrogen treatment for both Cu and Ge diffusion and for the chemical reaction of Cu[3]Ge compound generation. Activation of these processes can be conditioned by the energy released during recombination of hydrogen atoms adsorbed on the surface of a Cu/Ge/i-GaAs sample

Applications of π-photon-induced transparency in two-frequency pulse electron paramagnetic resonance experiments

Bichromatic pulses were demonstrated to substitute the second mw source both in stimulated soft electron spin echo envelope modulation (SS-ESEEM) and four-pulse double electron-electron resonance (DEER) experiments. As such, the results were compared to those obtained using traditional techniques. The behavior of bichromatic pulses which fulfill the transparency or near-transparency condition was investigated, and recommendations for obtaining optimum results were given

Polymeric hybrid iodoplumbates and iodobismuthates containing mono- and bisalkylated derivatives of 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene: Structural and optical features

© 2017 Elsevier B.V.Reactions of PbI2 with N-alkylated derivatives of 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (bpen) MeBpenI and Me2BpenI2 result in 1D-polymeric complexes [{Pb(MeBpen)I3}] (1) and (Me2bpen)[{PbI3}]2 (2). For both compounds, band gap values were determinated experimentally; 1 demonstrates weak red luminescence. Binuclear hybrid iodobismuthate [Bi2(MeBpen)2I8] (3) was obtained by the similar scheme using BiI3 instead of PbI2

Effective Field and the Bloch-Siegert Shift at Bihromatic Excitation of Multiphoton EPR

The dynamics of multiphoton transitions in a two-level spin system excited by transverse microwave and longitudinal RF fields with the frequencies w_{mw} and w_{rf}, respectively, is analyzed. The effective time-independent Hamiltonian describing the "dressed" spin states of the "spin + bichromatic field" system is obtained by using the Krylov-Bogoliubov-Mitropolsky averaging method. The direct detection of the time behavior of the spin system by the method of nonstationary nutations makes it possible to identify the multiphoton transitions for resonances w_{0} = w_{mw} + rw_{rf} (w_{0} is the central frequency of the EPR line, r = 1, 2), to measure the amplitudes of the effective fields of these transitions, and to determine the features generated by the inhomogeneous broadening of the EPR line. It is shown that the Bloch-Siegert shifts for multiphoton resonances at the inhomogeneous broadening of spectral lines reduce only the nutation amplitude but do not change their frequencies.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

Easy-plane to easy-axis anisotropy switching in a Co(ii) single-ion magnet triggered by the diamagnetic lattice

Single ion magnets SIMs with large magnetic anisotropy are promising candidates for realization of single molecule based magnetic memory and qubits. Creation of materials with magnetically uncoupled spatially separated SIMs requires dilution in a diamagnetic matrix. Herein, we report that progressive dilution of paramagnetic Co II by diamagnetic Zn II in the SIM [CoxZn 1 amp; 8722;x piv 2 2 NH2 Py 2], x 1 0 beyond a threshold of 50 reveals an abrupt structural change, where the distorted tetrahedral Zn coordination structure is superimposed on the remaining Co ions, which were initially in a distorted octahedral environment. Dilution induced structure modification switches the magnetic anisotropy from easy plane D 36.7 cm amp; 8722;1 to easy axis type D amp; 8722;23.9 cm amp; 8722;1 , accompanied by a fivefold increase of the magnetic relaxation time at 2 K. Changes of the static and dynamic magnetic properties are monitored by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and AC susceptibility measurements. Complementary quantum chemical ab initio calculations quantify the influence of structural changes on the electronic structure and the magnetic anisotropy. Thus, magnetic dilution hits two goals at once, the creation of isolated magnetic centres and an improvement of their SIM propertie

Supramolecular assemblies of triblock copolymers with hexanuclear molybdenum clusters for sensing antibiotics in aqueous solutions via energy transfer

The work introduces the supramolecular assembly of triblock copolymers, namely (PEO)13(PPO)30(PEO)13 (L64), (PPO) 14(PEO)24(PPO)14 (17R4), (PPO) 8(PEO)22(PPO)8 (10R5) and (PEO) 21(PPO)67(PEO)21 (P123) with novel cluster complexes [K(diglyme)(CH3CN)]2[Mo6I 14] (1) and [K2(diglyme)(CH3CN) 5][Mo6I14] (2) as a route to increase their water solubility. Dynamic light scattering and photophysical measurements reveal the decisive influence of the arrangement of PEO and PPO blocks and of their length on both colloidal and photophysical properties of these solutions. ES-MS data reveal [Mo6I14]2- clusters as the predominant form in aqueous solutions of L64 and P123. The steady state and time resolved luminescence data indicate concentration dependent sensitizing of the Mo-centered luminescence through the energy transfer from difloxacin to [Mo 6I14]2- mediated by the ion-pairing. The impact of both arrangement and length of PEO and PPO blocks in the luminescent response of [Mo6I14]2- to difloxacin is discussed. The aqueous solutions of L64 at pH 4 provide the optimal conditions for the sensing of difloxacin through the cluster luminescence. This journal is © the Partner Organisations 2014

Mechanisms of trematodiases pathogenicity: the presence of the secretory proteins from the liver fluke Opisthorchis felineus in the gallbladder tissues of the patients with chronic opisthorchiasis

Opisthorchiasis caused by the liver fluke Opisthorchis felineus infection remains a serious public health problem in the former USSR and Eastern European countries. O. felineus infests the bile ducts, the liver and gallbladder of many fish-eating mammalian species, including humans. Opisthorchiasis leads to a number of related diseases of the liver and pancreas: liver fibrosis, cholangitis, cholecystitis, liver cysts and pancreatitis. Excretory-secretory products of the parasite are considered to be key factors in host-parasite relationships and mediate pathogenic pleiotropic effects on the host organism.The aim of this study was to determine the helminthic proteins (thioredoxin peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase) in the gallbladder tissues of the experimental animals and patients with opisthorchiasis disease. We demonstrated by immunohistochemistry assay using antibodies against recombinant O. felineus proteins that thioredoxin peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase could be detected in the biliary duct epithelium of the experimental animals and in human gallbladder tissues. Moreover, these proteins could also be detected in human gallbladder infiltrated cells and underlying connective tissues. The results are important for understanding the molecular mechanisms of opisthorchiasis pathogenesis, as well as for improvement of the immunodiagnostics of the opisthorchiasis and opisthorchiasis-related diseases