PUZZLE - A program for computer-aided design of printed circuit artwork

Program assists in solving spacing problems encountered in printed circuit /PC/ design. It is intended to have maximum use for two-sided PC boards carrying integrated circuits, and also aids design of discrete component circuits

Performance of a quality assurance program for assessing dental health in methamphetamine users.

BackgroundSystematic characterization of the dental consequences of methamphetamine (MA) abuse presupposes a rigorous quality assurance (QA) program to ensure the credibility of the data collected and the scientific integrity and validity of the clinical study. In this report we describe and evaluate the performance of a quality assurance program implemented in a large cross-sectional study of the dental consequences of MA use.MethodsA large community sample of MA users was recruited over a 30 month period during 2011-13 and received comprehensive oral examinations and psychosocial assessments by site examiners based at two large community health centers in Los Angeles. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) protocols for oral health assessments were utilized to characterize dental disease. Using NHANES oral health quality assurance guidelines, examiner reliability statistics such as Cohen's Kappa coefficients and inter-class correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the magnitude of agreement between the site examiners and a reference examiner to ensure conformance and comparability with NHANES practices.ResultsApproximately 9% (n = 49) of the enrolled 574 MA users received a repeat dental caries and periodontal examination conducted by the reference examiner. There was high concordance between the reference examiner and the site examiners for identification of untreated dental disease (Kappa statistic values: 0.57-0.75, percent agreement 83-88%). For identification of untreated caries on at least 5 surfaces of anterior teeth, the Kappas ranged from 0.77 to 0.87, and percent agreement from 94 to 97%. The intra-class coefficients (ICCs) ranged from 0.87 to 89 for attachment loss across all periodontal sites assessed and the ICCs ranged from 0.79 to 0.81 for pocket depth. For overall gingival recession, the ICCs ranged from 0.88 to 0.91. When Kappa was calculated based on the CDC/AAP case definitions for severe periodontitis, inter-examiner reliability for site examiners was low (Kappa 0.27-0.67).ConclusionOverall, the quality assurance program confirmed the procedural adherence of the quality of the data collected on the distribution of dental caries and periodontal disease in MA-users. Examiner concordance was higher for dental caries but lower for specific periodontal assessments

Some Questions Arising from the Diverse Ownership of Lands Penetrated by a Horizontal Well

The purpose of this brief outline it to raise some questions and suggest some problems that may arise as a consequence of the drilling of socalled horizontal wells, particularly in those cases where the ownership of the lands on which and under which such wells may be located are either separately owned, or otherwise fragmented. The answers some of the questions raised will be discussed by other members of the symposia of which this is a part. Consequently, the writer has pleasure of asking questions as to which he has no answer, or which, after complete analysis may in fact prove to be easily avoided or largely irrelevant

Correlative Rights of Surface and Mineral Owners

The term correlative rights is commonly applied to two related but somewhat different situations that arise from or are incidental to the exploration and production of oil and gas. First, it refers to the rights and obligations of landowners (and those holding from them) to each other arising out of the exploration and production from a common reservoir that underlies their respective tracts and to their other activities related to the use and enjoyment of adjacent tracts of land. Second, it may refer to the rights and obligations with respect to each other of persons holding separate rights to the use and enjoyment of the same tract of land