Semiconductor Spintronics

Spintronics refers commonly to phenomena in which the spin of electrons in a solid state environment plays the determining role. In a more narrow sense spintronics is an emerging research field of electronics: spintronics devices are based on a spin control of electronics, or on an electrical and optical control of spin or magnetism. This review presents selected themes of semiconductor spintronics, introducing important concepts in spin transport, spin injection, Silsbee-Johnson spin-charge coupling, and spindependent tunneling, as well as spin relaxation and spin dynamics. The most fundamental spin-dependent nteraction in nonmagnetic semiconductors is spin-orbit coupling. Depending on the crystal symmetries of the material, as well as on the structural properties of semiconductor based heterostructures, the spin-orbit coupling takes on different functional forms, giving a nice playground of effective spin-orbit Hamiltonians. The effective Hamiltonians for the most relevant classes of materials and heterostructures are derived here from realistic electronic band structure descriptions. Most semiconductor device systems are still theoretical concepts, waiting for experimental demonstrations. A review of selected proposed, and a few demonstrated devices is presented, with detailed description of two important classes: magnetic resonant tunnel structures and bipolar magnetic diodes and transistors. In most cases the presentation is of tutorial style, introducing the essential theoretical formalism at an accessible level, with case-study-like illustrations of actual experimental results, as well as with brief reviews of relevant recent achievements in the field.Comment: tutorial review; 342 pages, 132 figure

Magnetic and Transport Properties of R3\text{}_{3}Cu3\text{}_{3}Sb4\text{}_{4} Compounds (R = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and Sm)D

Magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity, and thermopower of the series of the R$\text{}_{3}$Cu$\text{}_{3}$Sb$\text{}_{4}$ compounds (R=La-Sm) were measured over the temperature ranges 1.9-300 K (susceptibility and resistivity) and 80-370 K (thermopower). Below 25 K, resistivity of these compounds grows exponentially with decreasing temperature. For some compounds, R = Ce, Sm, a maximum on temperature dependence of resistivity is observed. Ce$\text{}_{3}$Cu$\text{}_{3}$Sb$\text{}_{4}$ compound undergoes a magnetic transition at 12 K

Synthesis, electronic transport and magnetic properties of Zr1−xYxNiSn, (x=0–0.25) solid solutions

International audienc

Crystal, electronic structure and electronic transport properties of the Ti1−xVxNiSn (х=0–0.10) solid solutions

International audienc

Utilization of Ir Laser Pumped Anti-Stokes Emission of Er-Yb Doped Systems for Identification of Securities

In this paper we present a utilization of anti-Stokes luminescence of Er-Yb systems for identifications of securities. A simple method of detection of an up-conversion phenomenon in such system by means of IR laser operating in the region 960-1010 nm is proposed

In situ synthesis, morphology and magnetic properties of poly(ether-ester) multiblock copolymer/carbon-covered nickel nanosystems

Samples containing fine particles of face-centered cubic (fcc) phase of carbon-covered nickel (Ni/C) embedded in the PBT-block-PTMO polymer were synthesized. The characterization of the composites by various techniques and the effect of the Ni/C filler on the thermal and mechanical properties of the polymer are presented. A low concentration of magnetic nanoparticles in the polymer increased substantially the melting point and the polymer-glass transition temperature. Additionally, the elastic properties of the polymer were shown to improve significantly due to the presence of nanoparticles. The ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) study of these samples was carried out in the 4-300 K temperature range. A symmetrical and very intense FMR line was recorded at all temperatures. The FMR line displayed very interesting behavior in different temperature regions. The static magnetic susceptibility was investigated in the 10-400 K temperature and 1-10 kOe magnetic field ranges. The temperature dependence in the high temperature range suggested that the process of reorientation of magnetic nanoparticles strongly depended on the state of the matrix. A comparison of the mechanical properties of our samples with the same copolymer doped with single wall carbon nanotubes was made. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved