Computer Abuse: The Emerging Crime and the Need for Legislation

Advancements in computerization and the growing use of computers in business, government, education, and the private sector has resulted in the expanding potential for criminal infiltration. The problems of computer crime are in great part attributable to the shortcomings of our criminal laws, which were written long before there was knowledge of computer crimes. Moreover, there is a reluctance of our legal establishments to adapt to the new technology\u27s potential harm. This Note urges that new federal legislation be passed as a means to counteract future computer crimes

Verifying Credence Attributes in Livestock Production

Livestock producers can respond to increasing consumer demand for certain production process attributes by providing verifiable information on the practices used. Consumer willingness to pay data were used to inform producer decision-making regarding selection of verification entities for four key production process attributes in the production of pork chops and milk. The potential for informing farm-level decision-making with information about consumer demand for product and production process attributes exists beyond the two products assessed as example cases in this analysis.Key Words: animal welfare, certification, credence attribute, producer decision support, response to consumer demand, verification, willingness to pay, Consumer/Household Economics, Demand and Price Analysis, Livestock Production/Industries, Production Economics, Q11, Q12, Q19,

Glynn A. Stewart in a Senior Voice Recital

This is the program for the senior voice recital of Glynn A. Stewart. Stewart was accompanied by Deborah Mashburn in the piano. This recital took place on May 14, 1968, in Mitchell Hall

Consumer Willingness to Pay for Livestock Credence Attribute Claim Verification

A choice experiment was used to determine consumer value for verification of livestock production process attributes. Willingness to pay for verification of production process attributes varied for both milk and pork chops across attributes and verifying entity. Statistically significant evidence of social desirability bias was found by comparing estimates of consumer preferences solicited using direct and indirect questioning. Indirect questioning may yield more accurate representations of consumer value than direct questioning, and therefore more accurate estimates for agribusiness decision making.animal welfare, certification, consumer demand, credence attribute, social desirability bias, verification, willingness to pay, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Livestock Production/Industries,

Consumer Preferences for Animal Welfare Attributes: The Case of Gestation Crates

Animal welfare concerns are having dramatic impacts on food and livestock markets. Here we examine consumer preferences for pork products with a focus on use of gestation crates. We examine underlying consumer valuations of pork attributes while considering preference heterogeneity as well as voluntary and legislative alternatives in producing gestation crate-free pork. Our results suggest that prohibiting swine producers from using gestation crates fails to improve consumer welfare in the presence of a labeling scheme documenting voluntary disadoption of gestation crates. Consumers are found to implicitly associate animal welfare attributes with smaller farms. Preference heterogeneity drives notably diverse consumer welfare impacts when pork produced with use of gestation crates is no longer available for consumption.animal welfare, consumer welfare, economics of legislation, gestation crates, pork, swine, voluntary labeling, willingness to pay, Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics, Industrial Organization, Livestock Production/Industries, Q11, Q13, Q18,

Media Coverage of Animal Handling and Welfare: Influence on Meat Demand

Replaced with revised version of paper 7/21/09.animal welfare, consumer demand, meat quality, media information, Rotterdam model, source of information, information indices, Agricultural and Food Policy, Demand and Price Analysis,

Understanding U.S. Consumer Demand for Milk Production Attributes

A choice experiment was used to examine the value of various fluid milk attributes. Respondents were surveyed regarding half or whole gallon milk purchases. A split-sample design was used to examine consumer inferences regarding food safety. Willingness to pay for verification of production process attributes varied across attributes and verifying entity. Consumers were generally willing to pay substantial premiums for milk produced without the use of rbST, on local family farms, with assured food safety enhancement, and for these claims to be verified by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.milk, food safety, grazing, rbST, family farm, local, willingness to pay, Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

Population Differences in Death Rates in HIV-Positive Patients with Tuberculosis.

SETTING: Randomised controlled clinical trial of Mycobacterium vaccae vaccination as an adjunct to anti-tuberculosis treatment in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients with smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) in Lusaka, Zambia, and Karonga, Malawi. OBJECTIVE: To explain the difference in mortality between the two trial sites and to identify risk factors for death among HIV-positive patients with TB. DESIGN: Information on demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiographic characteristics was collected. Patients in Lusaka (667) and in Karonga (84) were followed up for an average of 1.56 years. Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to assess differences in survival between the two sites and to determine risk factors associated with mortality during and after anti-tuberculosis treatment. RESULTS: The case fatality rate was 14.7% in Lusaka and 21.4% in Karonga. The hazard ratio for death comparing Karonga to Lusaka was 1.47 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.9-2.4) during treatment and 1.76 (95%CI 1.0-3.0) after treatment. This difference could be almost entirely explained by age and more advanced HIV disease among patients in Karonga. CONCLUSION: It is important to understand the reasons for population differences in mortality among patients with TB and HIV and to maximise efforts to reduce mortality