Serum biochemical status and morphological changes in mice ovary associated with copper oxide nanoparticles after thiamine therapy

Introduction: Nanoparticles (NPs) can induce inflammatory responses and oxidative stress and are also cytotoxic to the genital organs of animals after exposure. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of copper oxide (CuO) and CuO NPs alone and in combination with thiamine on the ovaries of mice and on antioxidant enzymes.Methods: Sixty adult mice were randomly divided into five groups. Group A served as the control. Group B received CuO NPs and group C received CuO at 0.2 mL/kg intraperitoneally (IP). Mice in groups D and E respectively received CuO and CuO NPs along with thiamine (30 mg/L) therapy. The responses of the ovaries to the treatments were appraised by histopathology studies. The values for catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lipid peroxidation were determined after 20 days of treatment.Results: The degree of degeneration and apoptosis of the different zones within the ovaries were recorded in groups B and C. The decrease in CAT value and increase in SOD activity were significant for groups B and C at 20 days compared to the control group. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level in groups B, C and E were significantly higher at 20th day when compared with control group. The groups treated with thiamine showed histopathological and enzymatic results that were similar to those of the control group.Conclusion: These findings suggest the combination of CuO NPs and CuO with thiamine improves serum enzyme activity and has positive effects on the ovary

Učinci intra-artikularno primijenjenog tramadola na histopatološki nalaz koljenog zgloba u štakora.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intra-articular injections of saline and tramadol on the articular cartilage in rat knee joints. Twenty-five adult Wistar rats were used in this experiment. They were randomly assigned to two groups, control (n = 5) and experimental (n = 20) and the latter was subdivided into four groups (each group n = 5). Saline was administered intra-articularly into the knee joints in the controls (group 1) and tramadol with different doses was injected into the knee joints of the experimental groups. In groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 different concentrations, 0.1, 0.25, 1.0 and 2.5 mg/mL respectively, of available tramadol were administrated intra-articularly into the knee joints. The results showed that there were no pathological changes in the saline-treated control joints (P>0.05). Joints treated with tramadol displayed significantly more pathological changes than the saline joints (P0.05). Joints that received tramadol in group 3 (0.25 mg/mL) showed no significant difference as compared with control joints in all histological indices, except for cell count. Joints treated with tramadol in groups 4 and 5 revealed significant histological changes compared to control joints in all histological indices. We conclude that intra-articular tramadol in high dosages (especially 2.5 mg/mL) causes histopathological changes in rat knee joints.Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi učinak primjene fiziološke otopine soli i tramadola na hrskavicu koljenog zgloba štakora. U pokusu je korišteno 25 odraslih Wistar štakora koji su metodom slučajnog izbora bili podijeljeni u dvije skupine, kontrolnu (n = 5) i pokusnu (n = 20). Pokusna skupina je naknadno podijeljena u 4 podskupine po 5 štakora. Fiziološka otopina bila je unesena u koljeni zglob štakora kontrolne skupine (skupina 1), dok je tramadol bio primijenjen u različitim dozama u koljeni zglob štakora pokusnih skupina. Skupina 2 primila je 0,1 mg/mL, skupina 3 primila je 0,25 mg/mL, dok su skupine 4 i 5 primile 1,0 odnosno 2,5 mg/mL tramadola. Rezultati su pokazali da nije bilo patoloških promjena u zglobovima kontrolne skupine (P>0,05). Zglobovi u koje je bio primijenjen tramadol pokazali su značajno (P0,05) između skupine 2 koja je primila tramadol i skupine kojoj je bila primijenjena fiziološka otopina kuhinjske soli. U štakora skupine 3, kojima je u zglobove bio primijenjen tramadol u količini od 0,25 mg/mL, također nisu utvrđene značajne razlike u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu za sve histološke pokazatelje osim za broj stanica. Primjena tramadola u zglobove štakora u skupinama 4 i 5 dovela je u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom do značajnih promjena svih histoloških pokazatelja. Na temelju navedenih rezultata, zaključuje se da primjena većih doza tramadola (osobito 2,5 mg/mL) u koljeni zglob štakora dovodi do histopatoloških promjena