HSPD1 (heat shock 60kDa protein 1)

Review on HSPD1 (heat shock 60kDa protein 1), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated

RHOC (ras homolog gene family, member C)

Review on RHOC (ras homolog gene family, member C), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated

ACTIVITY OF BENZOPHENONE GLUCOSIDE FROM MAHKOTA DEWA {Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.} FRUITS ON PROLIFERATION OF HUMAN CERVICAL-CANCER CELLS (HeLa and CasKi) AND HUMAN ESOPHAGEAL CANCER CELLS (TE-2, TE-8, and TE-14)

Phaleria macrocarpa, locally named mahkota dewa, is known as a medicinal plant in Indonesia. Fruits of this plant are traditionally used in treatment of cancer diseases. Several substances were isolated from mahkota dewa fruits. A benzophenone glucoside, 4,6`-dihydroxy-4`-methoxybenzophenone-2’-O-glucoside, has been isolated from an ethyl acetate fraction of mahkota dewa fruits. The structure of this compound was determined based on the analysis of UV, IR, NMR and MS spectral data. Antiproliferative activity was measured on human cervical cancer cells (HeLa and CasKi) and human esophageal cancer cells (TE-2, TE-8, and TE-14) by MTT assay. The result of this study showed that at concentration of 500 ìg/mL, benzophenone glucoside derived from mahkota dewa didn’t reach CPI50 to all tested cells. Those CPI50 were 34 ìg/mL (HeLa), 32 ìg/mL (CasKi), 33.91 ìg/mL (TE-2), 35.43 ìg/mL (TE-8), 43.04 ìg/mL (TE-14). There were no significantly differences (á=0.5) of this activity among HeLa, CasKi, TE-2, TE-8 and TE-14 cells.Key words : Benzophenone glucoside, Phaleria macrocarpa, HeLa, CasKi, TE-2, TE-8, and TE-14 cells, MTT assa

SPA17 (sperm autoantigenic protein 17)

Review on SPA17 (sperm autoantigenic protein 17), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated

Effect of high-fructose diet-induced metabolic syndrome on the pituitary-gonadal axis from adolescence through adulthood in male albino rats and the possible protective role of ginger extract. A biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical study

Background: This work was designed to clarify, for the first time up to our knowledge, the effects of high-fructose diet (HFrD)-induced metabolic syndrome (MetS) on the pituitary-gonadal axis of adolescent male rats continuing through adulthood period and to evaluate the possible role of ginger extract in amelioratingthese effects.Materials and methods: Forty 4-week-old male albino rats, treated for 8 weeks, were randomly divided into four equal groups; control (fed standard diet), ginger extract-treated (500 mg/kg once daily orally by gavage), HFrD-induced MetS (fed a diet containing 60% fructose), HFrD and ginger groups. The assessment methods included biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical studies.Results: High-fructose diet-fed rats exhibited a picture similar to MetS in the form of increased body weight and serum levels of glucose and insulin with an elevated HOMA-IR reflecting insulin resistance as well as dyslipidaemia. Lipid peroxidation (increased malondialdehyde) and oxidative stress (decreased superoxidedismutase) were implicated in this syndrome. This group exhibited a significant decrease in testicular weight and the levels of reproductive hormones (LH, FSH and testosterone). The pituitary gonadotrophs showed electron dense nuclei, large cytoplasmic vacuoles, destructed organelles in addition to decreased number of secretory granules. Furthermore, testicular specimens presented marked alterations. There were disorganised shrunken tubules with irregular basement membranes, reduced germinal epithelial thickness, vacuolations and degenerated mitochondria in the spermatogenic cells. Beclin 1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunoexpressions were significantly downregulated with HFrD-induced MetS. Ginger extract supplementation proved to be a potent protective agent against these harmful effects through its antioxidant, hypoglycaemic, insulinotropic, androgenic and hypolipidaemic effects in addition to its ability to induce testicular autophagy.Conclusions: Consumption of HFrD induced MetS and proved to have harmful effects on the pituitary-testicular axis. Moreover, this work provided a new insight into the possible use of ginger extract to alleviate the main features of MetS and protect the pituitary-gonadal axis from the damaging effects of HFrD-induced MetS

Aqueous anise extract alleviated the pancreatic changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model via modulation of hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy: a biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical study

Background: The present study aimed to investigate, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, the effect of aqueous anise extract on the pancreatic damage in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model with referral to some of its underlying mechanisms. Materials and methods: Forty adult male albino rats were divided equally into four groups; control, anise extract treated (500 mg/kg orally once daily), diabetic control group (STZ 50 mg/kg once intraperitoneally) and diabetic group treated with anise extract. At the end of experiment (7 weeks), body weight, blood glucose and serum amylase levels were assessed. Pancreatic tissues were subjected to biochemical, histological (light and electron microscopic), and immunohistochemical studies. Results: The diabetic group exhibited significant decrease in body weight and increase in blood glucose and serum amylase levels. Marked degenerative changes affecting both b-cells and acinar cells of the pancreas in the form of a significant decrease in islet’s perimeter, vacuolated cytoplasm, pyknotic nuclei, depletion of zymogen granules, dilated congested blood vessels and degenerated organelles were reported. Hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress with subsequent upregulation of caspase 3 and beclin 1 immunoreaction were suggested to be implicated in diabetes mellitus pathogenesis. Anise extract ameliorated the all examined parameters via its hypoglycaemic and antioxidant properties with subsequent downregulation of apoptosis and autophagy. Conclusions: Anise extract can be a promising agent in the control of diabetes mellitus for further clinical trials

Implementasi Kebijakan Pemerintah Daerah No 2 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pembinaan Anak Jalanan, Gelandangan, Pengemis, dan Pengamen di Kota Makassar

: The purpose of this research is to know the process of the implementation of the menganilisis Rule and Area No. 2 in 2008 the area of Makassar city that deals with the form of a pem-assisted street children, homeless, beggars, buskers and in the city of Makassar, as well as the factors that memepngaruhu the process of implementing regulation no area in 2008. Research results show that in the implementation of local regulations No. 2 in 2008 in the city of Makassar, Makassar City Government has done a number of coaching programs in the form of coaching, advanced coaching, prevention and rehabilitation efforts in accordance with the direction contained in the regulation of the construction area No. 2 in 2008 in the town of Makas-sar. next perform empowerment to street children, the homeless, beggars, and troubadours. As for the factors that affected both the nature of that support as well as its nature a barrier where the supporting factor consists of (1) the availability of regulation as a legal basis in the minimize the number of street children, the homeless, beggars, Buskers, and (2) the establishment of partnership between local authorities and private companies, (3) the availability of adequate resources to build the street children, the homeless, beggars, Buskers, and (4) the availability of facilities and infrastructure that supports mentoring programme and (5) an adequate budget. While the factors restricting consists of (1) modernization, industrialization, the urbanization of poverty (2), (3) social conditions, (4) social change, From all the facts that happened so that the authors say that the application of these regulations is not quite optimal as expected during this