1,787 research outputs found
Entropy on the von Neumann lattice and its evaluation
Based on the recently introduced averaging procedure in phase space, a new
type of entropy is defined on the von Neumann lattice. This quantity can be
interpreted as a measure of uncertainty associated with simultaneous
measurement of the position and momentum observables in the discrete subset of
the phase space. Evaluating for a class of the coherent states, it is shown
that this entropy takes a stationary value for the ground state, modulo a unit
cell of the lattice in such a class. This value for the ground state depends on
the ratio of the position lattice spacing and the momentum lattice spacing. It
is found that its minimum is realized for the perfect square lattice, i.e.,
absence of squeezing. Numerical evaluation of this minimum gives 1.386....Comment: 14 pages, no figures; J. Phys. A, in pres
Liquid mixing time and gas distribution in aerated multiple-impeller stirred tanks
Gas-liquid fluid dynamics and mass transfer are crucial aspects of aerobic fermentation and robust methodologies for their determination in industrial bioreactors are expected to provide significant improvements in many production processes. In this work, a gas-liquid stirred tank of high aspect ratio, that replicates the geometry of typical industrial aerated fermenters, is investigated. In particular, the liquid phase homogenization dynamics and the gas phase spatial distribution are determined. The selected methodology is based on the analysis of the conductivity measurements obtained by Electrical Resistance Tomography. The gas-liquid flow regimes and the mixing time are identified at various gas flow rates and impeller speeds, thus covering different gas-liquid regimes. Data col
lected with vertical and horizontal arrangements of the electrodes allow to obtain a
tailed picture of the equipment working mode and to gain insight into the gas-liquid flow dynamics under optically inaccessible conditions. Quantitative evaluation of the
bility of the collected data is attempted by comparing the results obtained with the
tical and horizontal arrangements in the same locations
A room temperature CO line list with ab initio computed intensities
Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations are being closely monitored by
remote sensing experiments which rely on knowing line intensities with an
uncertainty of 0.5% or better. We report a theoretical study providing
rotation-vibration line intensities substantially within the required accuracy
based on the use of a highly accurate {\it ab initio} dipole moment surface
(DMS). The theoretical model developed is used to compute CO intensities
with uncertainty estimates informed by cross comparing line lists calculated
using pairs of potential energy surfaces (PES) and DMS's of similar high
quality. This yields lines sensitivities which are utilized in reliability
analysis of our results. The final outcome is compared to recent accurate
measurements as well as the HITRAN2012 database. Transition frequencies are
obtained from effective Hamiltonian calculations to produce a comprehensive
line list covering all CO transitions below 8000 cm
and stronger than 10 cm / molecule at ~
Multi-Resolution Analysis and Fractional Quantum Hall Effect: an Equivalence Result
In this paper we prove that any multi-resolution analysis of \Lc^2(\R)
produces, for some values of the filling factor, a single-electron wave
function of the lowest Landau level (LLL) which, together with its (magnetic)
translated, gives rise to an orthonormal set in the LLL. We also give the
inverse construction. Moreover, we extend this procedure to the higher Landau
levels and we discuss the analogies and the differences between this procedure
and the one previously proposed by J.-P. Antoine and the author.Comment: Submitted to Journal Mathematical Physisc
von Neumann Lattices in Finite Dimensions Hilbert Spaces
The prime number decomposition of a finite dimensional Hilbert space reflects
itself in the representations that the space accommodates. The representations
appear in conjugate pairs for factorization to two relative prime factors which
can be viewed as two distinct degrees freedom. These, Schwinger's quantum
degrees of freedom, are uniquely related to a von Neumann lattices in the phase
space that characterizes the Hilbert space and specifies the simultaneous
definitions of both (modular) positions and (modular) momenta. The area in
phase space for each quantum state in each of these quantum degrees of freedom,
is shown to be exactly , Planck's constant.Comment: 16 page
Biochemical correlates of cardiac hypertrophy. I. Experimental model; changes in heart weight, RNA content, and nuclear RNA polymerase activity
Cardiac hypertrophy occurred in mature rats after producing supravalvular aortic stenosis with a specially designed silver clip. For 2 weeks following this procedure, heart weight, body weight, and RNA content of the myocardium were serially determined. Heart weight and RNA content increased within 24 hours of aortic banding, reaching a maximal level in 2 days and remaining elevated during the 2 weeks of observation. Nuclei were isolated and purified from heart muscle homogenates, and changes in RNA polymerase activity following aortic banding were determined. The nearest neighbor frequency of the bases of the RNA synthesized by the polymerase from nuclear preparations was identical in both the banded animals and the sham-operated controls. Both groups could thus be compared on the basis of the enzyme assay. RNA polymerase activity in nuclei from the hearts of banded rats rose rapidly when compared with the activity in sham-operated rats; peak values were reached on the second day, the earliest detectable change being around 12 hours. The increase in RNA polymerase activity represents one of the earliest biochemical events that take place in the myocardium following aortic banding
Factorizations and Physical Representations
A Hilbert space in M dimensions is shown explicitly to accommodate
representations that reflect the prime numbers decomposition of M.
Representations that exhibit the factorization of M into two relatively prime
numbers: the kq representation (J. Zak, Phys. Today, {\bf 23} (2), 51 (1970)),
and related representations termed representations (together with
their conjugates) are analysed, as well as a representation that exhibits the
complete factorization of M. In this latter representation each quantum number
varies in a subspace that is associated with one of the prime numbers that make
up M
Orthogonal localized wave functions of an electron in a magnetic field
We prove the existence of a set of two-scale magnetic Wannier orbitals
w_{m,n}(r) on the infinite plane. The quantum numbers of these states are the
positions {m,n} of their centers which form a von Neumann lattice. Function
w_{00}localized at the origin has a nearly Gaussian shape of
exp(-r^2/4l^2)/sqrt(2Pi) for r < sqrt(2Pi)l,where l is the magnetic length.
This region makes a dominating contribution to the normalization integral.
Outside this region function, w_{00}(r) is small, oscillates, and falls off
with the Thouless critical exponent for magnetic orbitals, r^(-2). These
functions form a convenient basis for many electron problems.Comment: RevTex, 18 pages, 5 ps fi
Emergent Classicality via Commuting Position and Momentum Operators
Any account of the emergence of classicality from quantum theory must address
the fact that the quantum operators representing positions and momenta do not
commute, whereas their classical counterparts suffer no such restrictions. To
address this, we revive an old idea of von Neumann, and seek a pair of
commuting operators which are, in a specific sense, "close" to the
canonical non-commuting position and momentum operators, . The
construction of such operators is related to the problem of finding complete
sets of orthonormal phase space localized states, a problem severely limited by
the Balian-Low theorem. Here these limitations are avoided by restricting
attention to situations in which the density matrix is reasonably decohered
(i.e., spread out in phase space).Comment: To appear in Proceedings of the 2008 DICE Conferenc
Blinatumomab consolidation and maintenance therapy in adults with relapsed/refractory B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia
In a phase 3 clinical study of heavily pretreated adults with relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), overall survival (OS) following blinatumomab, a BiTE (bispeci\ufb01c T-cell engager) immunooncology therapy, was signi\ufb01cantly improved vs chemotherapy following induction (cycles 1 to 2). Here we report the e\ufb03cacy and safety of those who received additional cycles of blinatumomab. Blinatumomab was administered as a continuous IV infusion for 4 weeks in a 6-week cycle. Patients who achieved a bone marrow response (#5% blasts) or complete remission (full, partial, or incomplete hematological recovery) during induction could receive additional cycles of blinatumomab. OS and relapse-free survival (RFS) for consolidation (cycles 3 to 5) vs no consolidation, and maintenance (cycles $6) vs no maintenance were analyzed using Simon-Makuch and Mantel-Byar odds ratios. Of 267 patients who received blinatumomab induction, 86 (32%) entered consolidation and 36 (13%) entered maintenance. Evidence of longer OS was demonstrated among the maintenance group compared with no-maintenance (median OS [95% con\ufb01dence interval, CI]: not reached for maintenance vs 15.5 months for no maintenance). Median RFS (months; 95% CI) was numerically longer among maintenance group (14.5; 7.1 to 21.9) compared with no-maintenance (9.8; 8.5 to 11.1). A lower incidence of adverse events was seen during maintenance (72.2%) compared with induction (97.2%) and consolidation (86.1%). Adults with R/R ALL who achieved remission following blinatumomab induction had longer survival on continuation therapy than those who discontinued blinatumomab early, supporting the use of blinatumomab as long-term therapy. No new safety signals were reported. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02013167
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