Some aspects of risk factors of formation and casual relationships between chronic inflammatory genital diseases and concurrent pathology

Objective of the study: to perform the assessment of risk factors of chronic inflammatory genital diseases (CIGD) and to reveal relationships between this pathology and concomitant processes. Analysis of questioning and clinical studies demonstrated that strong causal relationships were obtained between chronic inflammatory genital diseases and cervix uteri dysplasias, fibrocystic breast diasese. Considering the strong influence of CIGD on psychological status of such patients there is a necessity to include psychotherapeutic measures and drugs to decrease level of neurotism and personal anxiety. Main social and hygienic risk factors of CIGD formation were smoking, alcohol abuse, low level of medical activity, such as absence of prophylactic doctors visits, vitamins uptake, working day more than 8 hours, that show the necessity of organization of measures aimed at health-saving behavior in such patients.Цель исследования: провести оценку факторов риска хронических воспалительных заболеваний гениталий (ХВЗГ) и выявить взаимосвязи с сопутствующими патологическими состояниями. Анализ данных анкетирования и клинических исследований показал, что сильные следственные соотношения выявлены между ХВЗГ и дисплазиями шейки матки, фиброзно-кистозной мастопатией. Учитывая большое влияние ХВЗГ на психологический статус пациенток с данной патологией, необходимо включить в комплексную терапию психотерапевтические мероприятия и препараты, снижающие уровни нейротизма и личностной тревожности. Ведущими социально-гигиеническими факторами риска формирования ХВЗГ являлись курение, употребление алкоголя, низкий уровень медицинской активности - отсутствие профилактических посещений врача, приема витаминов, рабочий день, превышающий 8 часов, что диктует необходимость организации мероприятий, направленных на формирование у пациенток здоровьесберегающего поведения

Estimation of social, psychosomatic and gynecologic status in women with non-specific vaginitis

There was carried out the estimation of social, gynecologic and psychosomatic status of 50 women with the non-specific vaginitis. The study of the clinical and social parameters was carried out under the specially developed form for evaluating the state of the somatic and reproductive health of women. The characteristics of psycho-emotional status were obtained with the help of the Spielberger’s questionnaire and method of the quantitative assessment of mental phenomena with the application of the scales of the subjective evaluations of functional state (test SAN). Women with non-specific vaginitis were characterized by emotional instability, high level of situational and personal anxiety, which spptomized about psychological and vegetatic disregulation. The revealed special features make it possible to develop the differentiated therapeutic and prophylactic measures for the patients with the non-specific vaginitis.Резюме: Проведена оценка социального, гинекологического и психосоматического статуса 50 женщин с неспецифическим вагинитом. Изучение медико-социальных параметров проведено по специально разработанной анкете для оценки состояния соматического и репродуктивного здоровья женщин. Характеристика психоэмоционального статуса была получена с помощью тестирования пациенток по опроснику Спилбергера - Ханина и метода количественной оценки психических явлений с применением шкал субъективных оценок функционального состояния (тест САН). Показано, что женщин с неспецифическим вагинитом характеризует эмоциональная неустойчивость, высокий уровень ситуативной и личностной тревожности, что может свидетельствовать о наличии психо-вегетативной дизрегуляции. Выявленные особенности позволяют разработать дифференцированные лечебно-профилактические мероприятия для таких пациенток

Функционально замещенные сложные эфиры и диэфиры - производные селективно восстановленных безальдегидов ванилинового ряда

By selective reduction of vanillin-related benzaldehydes, using NaBH4 and Na [BH(OAc)3], the corresponding alcohols and diols have been synthesized. Their esterification by acyl chlorides in the presence of Et3N afforded functionally substituted esters and diesters containing fragments of heterocyclic compounds.Селективным восстановлением замещенных бензальдегидов ванилинового ряда с помощью NaBH4 или Na[BH(OAc)3] синтезированы спирты и диолы, их этерификацией хлорангидридами карбоновых кислот в присутствии Et3N получены функционально замещенные сложные эфиры и диэфиры, содержащие фрагменты гетероциклических соединений

Синтез метиловых эфиров ( E, S)-2-арилиденамино-4-метилвалериановых кислот

By the reaction of L-leucine methyl ester hydrochloride with vanniline and vanillale ethers or esters, corresponding methyl esters of (Е,S)-2-arylidenamino-4-methylpentanoic acids have been synthesised.Конденсацией замещенных бензальдегидов ванилинового ряда с гидрохлоридом метилового эфира L-лейцина в присутствии гидрокарбоната натрия (при соотношении реагентов, равном 1:1:1) были синтезированы хиральные (Е,S)-алкилароматические азометины (основания Шиффа), содержащие простые и сложноэфирные группы

Differentiation-Inducing Factor-1 and -2 Function also as Modulators for Dictyostelium Chemotaxis

BackgroundIn the early stages of development of the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum, chemotaxis toward cAMP plays a pivotal role in organizing discrete cells into a multicellular structure. In this process, a series of signaling molecules, such as G-protein-coupled cell surface receptors for cAMP, phosphatidylinositol metabolites, and cyclic nucleotides, function as the signal transducers for controlling dynamics of cytoskeleton. Differentiation-inducing factor-1 and -2 (DIF-1 and DIF-2) were originally identified as the factors (chlorinated alkylphenones) that induce Dictyostelium stalk cell differentiation, but it remained unknown whether the DIFs had any other physiologic functions.Methodology/Principal FindingsTo further elucidate the functions of DIFs, in the present study we investigated their effects on chemotaxis under various conditions. Quite interestingly, in shallow cAMP gradients, DIF-1 suppressed chemotaxis whereas DIF-2 promoted it greatly. Analyses with various mutants revealed that DIF-1 may inhibit chemotaxis, at least in part, via GbpB (a phosphodiesterase) and a decrease in the intracellular cGMP concentration ([cGMP]i). DIF-2, by contrast, may enhance chemotaxis, at least in part, via RegA (another phosphodiesterase) and an increase in [cGMP]i. Using null mutants for DimA and DimB, the transcription factors that are required for DIF-dependent prestalk differentiation, we also showed that the mechanisms for the modulation of chemotaxis by DIFs differ from those for the induction of cell differentiation by DIFs, at least in part.Conclusions/SignificanceOur findings indicate that DIF-1 and DIF-2 function as negative and positive modulators for Dictyostelium chemotaxis, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report in any organism of physiologic modulators (small molecules) for chemotaxis having differentiation-inducing activity

The effects of culture, attitudes and perceptions on industrial cluster policy – the case of Russia

Culture, attitudes and perceptions have an underappreciated effect on industrial cluster policies particularly in transition economies, where long-established local social norms are confronted with hard-pressed external imperatives. This paper examines the impact of cultural and governmental peculiarities in the Russian context on the development of Special Economic Zones and Industrial Parks. Based on some stylised facts about the Russian context, in-depth interviews and surveys of the managing companies and tenants of all industrial clusters in Russia, we find cultural and governmental characteristics emerge as major influences on the effective development of industrial cluster policies. We develop an adapted industrial cluster model that accommodates these factors and suggests a policy pathway for mitigation

Russian consensus statement on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with carotid stenosis

Carotid stenosis is a multidisciplinary problem that requires the involvement of a specialists’ team, including cardiovascular surgeons, neurosurgeons, endovascular surgeons, cardiologists, neurologists, and internists. In this consensus statement, a group of experts considered the main stages of diagnosing carotid stenosis, as well as discussed, the necessary prevention methods and features of choosing the optimal treatment approach. The aim was to provide concise and structured information on the management of patients with carotid stenosis. This document was developed based on the updated clinical guidelines of the European Society for Vascular Surgery and the American Association for Vascular Surgery, taking into account the consensus opinion of Russian experts