Практические аспекты оценки и анализа инновационного развития регионов

Дата поступления 15 января 2019 г.; дата принятия к печати 4 апреля 2019 г.Received January 15, 2019; accepted April 4, 2019.Innovative development of territories is strategically important for the prosperity of any country. This article aims at describing original methodology for comprehensive assessment of innovative development of Russian regions. The proposed model takes into account specific features of innovative activity of regions and identifies growth potential and resources of territories, taking into account not only the innovation environment, but also areas of innovative activity. The study relies on the statistical data provided by the Central Statistical Database and the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System. In the course of processing and analyzing data, the index method, the multidimensional average method, factor-index analysis and other statistical data processing methods are used. The research involves ranking Russian regions according to their levels of innovative development and further dividing them into groups of powerful, strong, medium and weak innovators. We also analyzed the dynamics of innovation in the regions by looking at the changes in their ranking positions. The research findings brought to light the uneven development of Russian regions. The proposed assessment toolkit can be further used for drawing individual profiles for regions and formulating recommendations and guidelines for these regions’ development by taking into consideration their strengths and weaknesses. The results of this study have theoretical and practical significance and can be used as a tool for management of innovative activities both at the level of individual territories and at the national level.Инновационное развитие территорий является стратегически важным для процветания любой страны. Целью данной статьи является описание оригинальной методики комплексной оценки инновационного развития российских регионов. Предложенная модель учитывает особенности инновационной активности регионов и определяет потенциал роста и ресурсы территорий с учетом не только инновационной среды, но и направлений инновационной деятельности. Исследование опирается на статистические данные, предоставленные Центральной статистической базой данных и Единой межведомственной информационно-статистической системой. В процессе обработки и анализа данных используются индексный метод, метод многомерного среднего, факторный индексный анализ и другие статистические методы обработки данных. Исследование включает в себя ранжирование российских регионов по уровням инновационного развития и дальнейшее разделение их на группы наиболее сильных, сильных, средних и слабых новаторов. Мы также проанализировали динамику инноваций в регионах, посмотрев на изменения их рейтинговых позиций. Результаты исследования выявили неравномерность развития российских регионов. Предлагаемый инструментарий оценки может быть далее использован для составления отдельных профилей для регионов и разработки рекомендаций и руководящих принципов для развития этих регионов с учетом их сильных и слабых сторон. Результаты данного исследования имеют теоретическое и практическое значение и могут быть использованы в качестве инструмента управления инновационной деятельностью как на уровне отдельных территорий, так и на национальном уровне

Technology for Creation and Detailed Analysis of Polymer Composites with Uniform Distribution of Quantum Dots and Liquid Crystals

One of the most actual tasks in biotechnology is the creation of a new generation of nanobiosensors with improved brightness, photo stability, and sensitivity. Compositions of polymers and colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are the most promising base to develop such sensors. This work presents the technology for creation and detailed analysis of nanostructured composite films based on polypropylene matrices with uniformly distributed CdSe/ZnS quantum dots and liquid crystals. Methods of optical microscopy, scanning probe microscopy and confocal fluorescen tmicrospectroscopy were used. The presence of liquid crystals in the composite allows additional control of QDs fluorescence. The methodology proposed is applicable not only to polypropylene, but also to other porous polymers. The results of this work indicate the possibility of creating high-quality polymer/QDs composite materials and open the way to the development of nanomaterials (nanosensors) with optical properties sensitive to various environmental parameters (electric field, photo irradiation, mechanical action, etc.). Keywords: quantum dot-polymer composites, nanoporous polypropylene, fluorescenc

Complex biochemical characteristics of <i>Coriandrum sativum</i> L.

Background.  Coriandrum sativum L. is a valuable vegetable crop with early maturity and high nutritional benefits. Green biomass of coriander is rich in vitamins, especially ascorbic acid and carotene. The feasibility of using coriander as a natural food additive is due to its high antioxidant activity. The aim of this research was to study the biochemical composition of the green biomass in the accessions of C. sativum from the VIR global collection and identify promising accessions for use in breeding for quality.Materials and methods. The green biomass of  67 coriander accessions from different countries maintained in the VIR collection served as the research material. The study was carried out according to the guidelines developed by VIR.Results. As a result of the study, the feasibility of using C. sativum as a source of bioactive compounds was theoretically justified and experimentally confirmed, thus attesting to the prospects of coriander accessions from the VIR collection for quality-targeted breeding programs. New data were obtained on the biochemical composition of coriander green biomass. A factor determining such biochemical composition is the genotypic features of coriander associated with its origin. Biochemical parameters in coriander varied significantly depending on the origin of an accession. The highest variability was observed in the content of carotenes (CV 41%). The effect of an accession’s precocity was not confirmed. Sources for individual quality indicators were highlighted.Conclusion. Accessions with an optimal component composition for a balanced human diet were identified and recommended for quality-oriented breeding, including the development of cultivars for health-friendly, curative and preventive nutrition. The selected accessions are of interest as source material for breeding programs and practical utilization

Influence of the substrate-induced strain and irradiation disorder on the Peierls transition in TTF-TCNQ microdomains

The influence of the combined effects of substrate-induced strain, finite size and electron irradiation-induced defects have been studied on individual micron-sized domains of the organic charge transfer compound tetrathiafulvalene-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TTF-TCNQ) by temperature-dependent conductivity and current-voltage measurements. The individual domains have been isolated by focused ion beam etching and electrically contacted by focused ion and electron beam induced deposition of metallic contacts. The temperature-dependent conductivity follows a variable range hopping behavior which shows a crossover of the exponent as the Peierls transition is approached. The low temperature behavior is analyzed within the segmented rod model of Fogler, Teber and Shklowskii, as originally developed for a charge-ordered quasi one-dimensional electron crystal. The results are compared with data obtained on as-grown and electron irradiated epitaxial TTF-TCNQ thin films of the two-domain type

SERS investigation of neocuproine adsorption on silver: Influence of electrode potential on methyl groups

© 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Study of molecules adsorption on charged surfaces is important for biologically relevant substances where the potential at the interface such as living cell membrane is a significant parameter in the processes of their transportation or transmembrane penetration. In this work, a hybrid optical/electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique was applied to get new insight into the adsorption state and conformational equilibrium of neocuproine, which serves as a nucleic acid biosensor in clinical diagnostics and has biological activity towards several types of carcinoma. The density functional theory calculations performed for several rotational conformations and their anion radicals were used to determine the geometrical and energetic characteristics, to evaluate the rotational barrier, to obtain the vibrational assignment, and to consider the metal-adsorbate charge transfer. The dependence of SERS spectra on surface potential is ascribed to a change of the rotational dynamics of methyl groups from hindered to almost free at potentials ≤-200 mV. It is demonstrated for the first time that SERS spectroscopy is capable to recognize the surface species, which differ in the methyl group internal rotation

Human adipose derived stem cells do not alter cytokine secretion in response to the genetic modification with pEGFP-N2 plasmid DNA

Adipose tissue contain progenitor cells with regenerative (angiogenic, neuroprotection, trophic etc.) potential and treatment based on adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) transplantation may constitute a promising therapy. Genetic modification of stem cells with genes encoding growth factors and other biologically active molecules might further increase therapeutic efficiency. However, there is a question about the advantages and disadvantages of such gene/stem cell therapy. For a better understanding of the mechanisms occurring in organism after cell transplantation we should first study cell behavior in vitro. Here we report results of ADSCs transfection with plasmid DNA pEGFP-N2 and subsequent study of cytokines and chemokines secretion using Luminex technology. We demonstrated that genetic modification of ADSCs with commonly used control plasmid vector, encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), did not affect secretion of cytokines/chemokines IFN-{filled circle}, IL-1{filled circle}, IL-2, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, MCP-1. Thus, genetic modification procedure on its own might have little effect on stem cell properties, making it useful for gene-stem cell therapy applications. © IDOSI Publications, 2013

USING OF SULFONATED CYANINE DYES IN PLASMON LABELS FOR BIOIMAGING BY RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY

This work was supported by Russian Science Foundation, grant № 22-73-10052. The authors would like to thank the Resource Centres of SPbU: "Optical and Laser Materials Research", "Chemical Analysis and Material Research" and "Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotechnology"