52 research outputs found
Museums and Transitional Justice: Assessing the Impact of a Memorial Museum on Young People in Post-Communist Romania
Memorial museums are frequently established within transitional justice projects intended to reckon with recent political violence. They play an important role in enabling young people to understand and remember a period of human rights abuses of which they have no direct experience. This paper examines the impact of a memorial museum in Romania which interprets the human rights abuses of the communist period (1947–1989). It uses focus groups with 61 young adults and compares the responses of visitors and non-visitors to assess the impact of the museum on views about the communist past, as well as the role of the museum within post-communist transitional justice. The museum had a limited impact on changing overall perceptions of the communist era but visiting did stimulate reflection on the differences between past and present, and the importance of long-term remembrance; however, these young people were largely skeptical about the museum’s role within broader processes of transitional justice. The paper concludes that it is important to recognize the limits of what memorial museums can achieve, since young people form a range of intergenerational memories about the recent past which a museum is not always able to change
Investigating the association between schizophrenia and distance visual acuity: Mendelian randomisation study
Deconvolution‐based nonlinear filtering for incompressible flows at moderately large Reynolds numbers
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Nonlinear ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age systematics along the Gilbert Ridge and Tokelau Seamount Trail and the timing of the Hawaii-Emperor Bend
Over the last three decades the first-order correlation in morphology and orientation of seamount trails
has been called upon to support the concept of a ‘‘fixed’’ Pacific hot spot frame of reference and to explain
the Hawaii-Emperor bend (HEB) by a dramatic change in Pacific plate motion. In this paper, however, we
present ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages for the Gilbert Ridge and Tokelau Seamounts (Pacific) that show similar changes or
bends in their orientation, but at different geological times, up to 20 Myr earlier than the HEB. Changes in
Pacific plate motion alone cannot explain these observations, because these asynchronous bends should
have been reflected in the morphology of each of these seamount trails. Together with the lack of (linear)
age progressions and inconsistent apparent local plate velocities of 131 and 87 mm/yr, we rule out a fixed
hot spot origin for the Gilbert Ridge and Tokelau seamount trails. Instead we invoke secondary or alternate
processes to explain the complex age systematics and morphologies in these seamount trails. We propose
here that the HEB-type bends in these seamount trails were likely formed by short-term ‘‘jerk-like’’ plate
extensions in the studied southwestern region of the Pacific plate, reactivating a preconditioned lithosphere
that can be characterized by a complex structure and precursory magmatic impingements. The remarkable
differences observed in these colinear seamount trails fundamentally question the existence of HEB-type
bends in the formation of Pacific volcanic lineaments. They also show us that applying geometric and
morphologic observations alone is insufficient in constraining past plate motions. Nevertheless, the need
and search for alternate volcano-tectonic mechanisms offer opportunities to better understand intraplate
volcanism in general.Keywords: local lithospheric extension, seamounts, intraplate volcanism, Pacific plate, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar geochronology, hot spot
COMPARATIVE STUDYON MILK COLD PASTEURIZATION USING HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
The study evaluates two methods of non-thermal milk pasteurization, namely cold pasteurization using hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen peroxide followed by its decomposition under the action of added catalase extract. These two methods seem to be effective, far less expensive than conventional ones, much more simplistic and do not cause significant changes in the chemical composition of milk, thus preserving its nutritional value.
Mathematical results for some models of turbulence with critical and subcritical regularizations
In this paper, we establish the existence of a unique "regular" weak solution
to turbulent flows governed by a general family of models with
critical regularizations. In particular this family contains the simplified
Bardina model and the modified Leray- model. When the regularizations
are subcritical, we prove the existence of weak solutions and we establish an
upper bound on the Hausdorff dimension of the time singular set of those weak
solutions. The result is an interpolation between the bound proved by Scheffer
for the Navier-Stokes equations and the regularity result in the critical case
'Heat from Above' Heat Capacity Measurements in Liquid He-4
We have made heat capacity measurements of superfluid He-4 at temperatures very close to the lambda point, T(sub lambda) , in a constant heat flux, Q, when the helium sample is heated from above. In this configuration the helium enters a self-organized (SOC) heat transport state at a temperature T(sub SOC)(Q), which for Q greater than or = 100 nW/sq cm lies below T(sub lambda). At low Q we observe little or no deviation from the bulk Q = 0 heat capacity up to T(sub SOC)(Q); beyond this temperature the heat capacity appears to be sharply depressed, deviating dramatically from its bulk behaviour. This marks the formation and propagation of a SOC/superfluid two phase state, which we confirm with a simple model. The excellent agreement between data and model serves as an independent confirmation of the existence of the SOC state. As Q is increased (up to 6 micron W/sq cm) we observe a Q dependant depression in the heat capacity that occurs just below T(sub SOC)(Q), when the entire sample is still superfluid. This is due to the emergence of a large thermal resistance in the sample, which we have measured and used to model the observed heat capacity depression. Our measurements of the superfluid thermal resistivity are a factor of ten larger than previous measurements by Baddar et al
Education and post-communist transitional justice: negotiating the communist past in a memorial museum
This paper examines the role of education within post-communist transitional justice. It focuses on the ways in which young Romanians negotiate the communist past during an educational visit to a memorial museum. The museum enabled these visitors to better understand the repression of the communist era, had limited impact in changing their attitudes towards communism, but it did provoke reflection upon and comparison between the present and the communist past. Visitors recognized the role of the museum as a site of memory within post-communist transitional justice, but were also critically aware of the limitations to what the museum could achieve. The implications of these findings for postcommunist transitional justice are examined
Encountering the Victims of Romanian Communism: Young People and Empathy in a Memorial Museum
Many states in post-communist East-Central Europe have established memorial museums which aim to tell the story of suffering under the communist regime. They also seek to encourage visitors to develop empathy for the victims of communist repression.This paper explores the responses of a group of young people to a memorial museum in Romania (Sighet Memorial Museum), focusing on how these visitors experienced empathy for the victims of communist-era violence. Data were collected using focus groups. Most participants showed a degree of empa- thy for the victims of suffering but this was usually shallow in nature. However some visitors displayed more“active” empathy (characterized by deeper imaginative and cogni- tive engagement). The paper explores how both the design and environment of the museum and the back- ground experiences of visitors influenced the develop- ment of empathy. It argues that empathy is not an automatic response to suffering and instead can be con- sidered as an interaction between the design of the museum and the background knowledge of visitors. The paper argues that empathy is an important means for young people to participate in remembering the commu- nist period, and is a means to make“prosthetic”memories of an authoritarian past which they have not experienced first-hand
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