колективна монографія

Кримінальний процесуальний кодекс 2012 року: ідеологія та практика правозастосування: колективна монографія / за заг. ред. Ю. П. Аленіна ; відпов. за вип. І. В. Гловюк. - Одеса : Видавничий дім «Гельветика», 2018. - 1148 с

The Effectiveness of Treatment of the Duodenum Peptic Ulcer in the Lviv Region (Retrospective Analysis)

Introduction. The prevalence of H. pylori infection has declined in recent years. However, the processes of population migration offset this difference, and the decline in the rate of distribution of H. pylori has recently slowed down. In addition, the frequency of unsuccessful eradication has sharply increased in many countries due to the resistance to antibiotics. In Ukraine, according to the Center of Medical Statistics of Ukraine, the incidence of peptic ulcer over the same period has increased by 38.4% and has no tendency to decrease, and the prevalence of the duodenal peptic ulcer has reached 150 cases per 100 thousand population. Even the intensive introduction of new treatment programs, despite their benefits, does not significantly change the general rates of morbidity and hospitalization of this patient’s contention. Aim. To find out the effectiveness of treatment of the patients with duodenal peptic ulcer and the need for their retreatment since the introduction of the Maastricht Consensus. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the efficacy of treatment of the duodenal ulcer of the patients (age – 17-72 years, average age 43.9 ± 1.3 years, 2 191 (63.60%) men and 1 255 (36.40%) women), has been carried out over the 10 years since the introduction of the Maastricht Consensus provisions into the clinical practice. Results. It was showed that the re-hospitalisation frequency among the patients with duodenal peptic ulcer did not change. The frequency of repeated referrals due to the unsuccessful eradication in this category of patients increased significantly (20.72 % in 1996 vs. 38.82 % in 2006; p < 0.01) as well as the percentage of the reinfected patients (5.80 % in 1996 vs. 24.71 % in 2006). An analysis of the age composition of patients showed that the percentage of reinfecting in individuals aged 60 and over was recorded in 11.50% of cases, at the age of 20-59 (the most able-bodied age) 16.20% of the patients were reinfected. The smallest number of reinfected was recorded in the group of the patients under the age of 19 (5.62%). No difference was noticed in gender composition between the reinfected patients and the patients who requested the treatment repeately after the unsuccessful eradication. In the most working capable part of Lviv region population every third patient with duodenal peptic ulcer requested the repeated treatment during a year. Conclusions The prevalence among the patients of working age of the duodenal peptic ulcer and the resistance of the helicobacteric infection to antibacterial agents requires a comprehensive study and the adoption of appropriate management decisions in various spheres of life

The Effectiveness of Rebamipide in Combined Treatment of Patients with Peptic Ulcer of the Stomach and Duodenum

Introduction. The place of rebamipide in treatment regimens of erosive and ulcerative Helicobacter pylori, associated with diseases of the stomach and duodenum, has not been fully investigated. The aim of the study is to іnvestigate the effectiveness of rebamipide in treatment of patients with peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. Materials and methods. Were examined and treated 62 patients with peptic ulcer of the duodenum. The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the treatment regimen. Patients of the first group (30 people) received conventional triple therapy: amoxicillin 1000.0 mg, clarithromycin 500.0 mg twice daily and omeprazole 20.0 mg twice daily for 10 days. The patients of the second groups (32 people) were additionally given rebamipide 100.0 mg three times a day for 10 days to conventional AHBT (amoxicillin 1000.0 mg, clarithromycin 500.0 mg twice daily and omeprazole 20.0 mg twice daily for 10 days). The Statistical analysis of the results was performed on a PC using software packages license “Microsoft Excel 2007” (Microsoft), “Statistica® 6.0” (StatSoft Inc., USA). Results of the investigation and their discussion. Thus the using of a standart AHBT was resulted to healing ulcers in 79.2 % of cases, the AHBT with the added rebamipide – in 85.2 %. The effectiveness at healing duodenal erosions in the treatment of a standart AHBT was 81.3%, AHBT with added rebamipide – 83.3 %. Helicobacter pylori eradication occurred in 76.7 % of patients in the first group and in 81.3 % of patients in the second group. Adding rebamipide to AHBT has not significantly affected on eradication. On the other hand, the epithelization of erosions and ulcers is took place against the background of the impact of such adverse factors as the presence of the signs of antral gastritis, esophagitis, duodenitis in a significant number of patients of both groups. It was found the increased frequency of duodenitis at control esophagogastroduodenofibroscopy in the patients of the second group (p ˂ 0.01). Also marked increase in the frequency of the duodenogastal reflux (DGR) during the AHBT treatment with rebamipide at 30.0 % and standard AHBT at 88.9 %. Conclusions. The positive aspects of combined treatment with the inclusion rebamipide are: relief of pain, a positive impact on the epithelization of erosions and ulcers of the stomach and duodenum, lower incidence of DGR after treatment. Among the negative points are reducing the frequency esophagitis and insufficiency of cardia in patients only at 25.0 %, and presence of duodenitis more than 60.0 % of patients after treatment

Modern aspects of radiation diagnosis in cancer of uterus neck

Department of Oncology, Radiation Therapy and Diagnosis, National Medical University of Odessa, UkraineBackground: For the first time on a large clinical material it is studied the possibility of a comprehensive survey of radiation diagnosis of patients with advanced cervical cancer. The role of the modern methods of radiation survey in determining the prevalence of cancer was clarified. A comparative analysis of the information content of the ultrasound, CT and MRI in the diagnosis of specific lesions and retroperitoneal lymph node involvement in the pathological process of the urinary system was maid. The place of diagnostic imaging in the evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment for cervical cancer was established. It was studied in detail radiation pattern of complete and partial remission stabilization of disease progression as well. Material and methods: The present paper summarizes the results of studies conducted at the radiology department clinic of Odessa National Medical University. The work is based on a survey of 120 patients with advanced cervical cancer. Diagnosis of the disease in all cases was verified histologically. The age of 66.6% of patients accounted for 4-5 decades of life. The majority of the examinees was established stage III cervical cancer (66.7%), double-sided version of the parametrium (56%), mixed form of tumor growth (57.5%). According to the histological structure squamous cancer constituted 44.2%. Results: Algorithm og the diagnosis was formulated according to the radial semiotics stage of the disease, has been developed clear MRI/CT - criteria characterizing infiltration parametrial tissue, tumor invasion into the bladder and rectum, the spread of tumors in the body of the uterus and vagina. Conclusions: On the basis of the results was formulated algorithm of ray examination, practical recommendations for gynecologists

OBTAINING ANTIOXIDANTS FROM FOOD INDUSTRY WASTE AND THEIR USE IN FATS

The food industry generates a large amount of waste and by-products of processing, which becomes a problem for the environment. Potato and onion peel, tomato seeds and peel are agro-industrial wastes of the world's main vegetable crops. However, the potential for antioxidants from them is not yet fully known. In this work, the influence of extracts obtained from these wastes on the process of inhibition of the rate of oxidation of sunflower oil was studied. Regression equations describing the process of extraction of biologically active substances from crop production waste as a result of water-ethanol extraction at a temperature of 60°C were obtained. It was established that the optimum concentration of ethanol in the water-ethanol mixture of extractants is in the range of 70–80%. Increasing the extraction time has a positive effect on the yield of extractive substances (at an interval of 2–15 hours). The kinetics of oxidation of sunflower oil by the accelerated method was studied and the antioxidant activity of the obtained antioxidants was determined, which is: for onion peel 2.29 (ie at a concentration of antioxidant 200 mg/kg oil the induction period of sunflower oil oxidation is more than doubled). For potato peels, this figure is 3.17, and for tomato peels – 1.85. All antioxidants obtained from plant waste were no less effective than butylhydroxyanisole (antioxidant activity – 1.93). The effectiveness of antioxidants varied as follows: onion peel > potato peel > butylhydroxyanisole > tomato residues. The expediency of using ascorbic acid in the course of water-alcohol extraction of antioxidants from vegetable raw materials has been proven. It has a positive effect on increasing the output of antioxidants and on extending the induction period of sunflower oil as a result of its own antioxidant properties. The existence of a synergistic effect between ascorbic acid and substances extracted from potato, onion and tomato peel has been proven, which in numerical value is 163, 126, and 180%, respectively

New Vegetable Oil Blends to Ensure High Biological Value and Oxidative Stability

The compositions of fatty acids of 15 types of vegetable oils of cold pressing have been studied to develop and justify the blends of sunflower oil with camelina oil, flaxseed oil and walnut oil as those that have reasonable ratios of ω-3:ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The autocatalytic oxidation of the blends was studied at a storage temperature of (20±2) ºС with free access of light and air. A significant slowdown in the rate of accumulatng peroxides and free fatty acids was established when blending 45 % of walnut oil or 40 % of camelina oil with the appropriate amount of sunflower oil.The developed blend of 55 % of sunflower oil plus 45 % of walnut oil has been found to have a ratio of ω-3:ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids close to that recommended for daily nutrition. Blends of vegetable oils with a higher ratio of ω-3:ω-6 fatty acids (75 % of sunflower oil plus 25 % of flaxseed oil and 60 % of sunflower oil plus 25 % of camelina oil) are recommended by the authors for therapeutic nutrition.Blending of traditional sunflower oil with other types of vegetable oils makes it possible to solve two problems – to increase the biological value of fat by optimizing the fatty acid composition and to increase resistance to oxidative spoilage. The developed blends of sunflower oil with walnut oil or camelina oil are stable to oxidation, so they can be recommended for making health-improving products

Rivaroxaban with or without aspirin in stable cardiovascular disease

BACKGROUND: We evaluated whether rivaroxaban alone or in combination with aspirin would be more effective than aspirin alone for secondary cardiovascular prevention. METHODS: In this double-blind trial, we randomly assigned 27,395 participants with stable atherosclerotic vascular disease to receive rivaroxaban (2.5 mg twice daily) plus aspirin (100 mg once daily), rivaroxaban (5 mg twice daily), or aspirin (100 mg once daily). The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death, stroke, or myocardial infarction. The study was stopped for superiority of the rivaroxaban-plus-aspirin group after a mean follow-up of 23 months. RESULTS: The primary outcome occurred in fewer patients in the rivaroxaban-plus-aspirin group than in the aspirin-alone group (379 patients [4.1%] vs. 496 patients [5.4%]; hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66 to 0.86; P<0.001; z=−4.126), but major bleeding events occurred in more patients in the rivaroxaban-plus-aspirin group (288 patients [3.1%] vs. 170 patients [1.9%]; hazard ratio, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.40 to 2.05; P<0.001). There was no significant difference in intracranial or fatal bleeding between these two groups. There were 313 deaths (3.4%) in the rivaroxaban-plus-aspirin group as compared with 378 (4.1%) in the aspirin-alone group (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.96; P=0.01; threshold P value for significance, 0.0025). The primary outcome did not occur in significantly fewer patients in the rivaroxaban-alone group than in the aspirin-alone group, but major bleeding events occurred in more patients in the rivaroxaban-alone group. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with stable atherosclerotic vascular disease, those assigned to rivaroxaban (2.5 mg twice daily) plus aspirin had better cardiovascular outcomes and more major bleeding events than those assigned to aspirin alone. Rivaroxaban (5 mg twice daily) alone did not result in better cardiovascular outcomes than aspirin alone and resulted in more major bleeding events