Early Delirium Assessment for Hospitalized Older People in Indonesia: a Systematic Review

Background: Due to the increasing risk of getting co-morbidity and frailty, older people tend to be prone to hospitalization. Hospitalization in older people brings many adverse effects. Moreover, when these elderly get delirium, the mortality and morbidity will increase. The risk of getting deterioration and worsening condition because of delirium would also increase. In fact, delirium assessment is not a high priority in taking care older people during hospitalization because the focus of care is treating the disease.Delirium screening as an early recognition of delirium in the hospitalized elderly inIndonesia remains unreported and even do not well evaluated. Therefore, delirium as a preventable problem or causing problems remains unrecognized.Purpose: This paper aims to review the current evidence of early assessment of delirium in hospitalized older people.Methods: A systematic review was conducted from four databases yielding to 4 articles which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: There are four focuses on the result, namely delirium screening tools, patient characteristics, identified early delirium assessment, and outcomes affected by early delirium assessment. Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) was used as the delirium screening tool in the hospital. Establishing the care team involving many disciplines will give a better way to improve the integrated care and collaborative care.Conclusion: Performing CAM integrated into comprehensive geriatric assessment can be the most important thing to be undertaken when looking after the hospitalized elderly

Surface-mode microcavity

Optical microcavities based on zero-group-velocity surface modes in photonic crystal slabs are studied. It is shown that high quality factors can be easily obtained for such microcavities in photonic crystal slabs. With increasing of the cavity length, the quality factor is gradually enhanced and the resonant frequency converges to that of the zero-group-velocity surface mode in the photonic crystal. The number of the resonant modes with high quality factors is mainly determined by the number of surface modes with zero-group velocity.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

Controlled and combined remote implementations of partially unknown quantum operations of multiqubits using GHZ states

We propose and prove protocols of controlled and combined remote implementations of partially unknown quantum operations belonging to the restricted sets [An Min Wang: PRA, \textbf{74}, 032317(2006)] using GHZ states. We detailedly describe the protocols in the cases of one qubit, respectively, with one controller and with two senders. Then we extend the protocols to the cases of multiqubits with many controllers and two senders. Because our protocols have to demand the controller(s)'s startup and authorization or two senders together working and cooperations, the controlled and combined remote implementations of quantum operations definitely can enhance the security of remote quantum information processing and potentially have more applications. Moreover, our protocol with two senders is helpful to farthest arrive at the power of remote implementations of quantum operations in theory since the different senders perhaps have different operational resources and different operational rights in practice.Comment: 26 pages, the submitted versio

Scattered light mapping of protoplanetary disks

High-contrast scattered light observations have revealed the surface morphology of several dozens of protoplanetary disks at optical and near-infrared wavelengths. Inclined disks offer the opportunity to measure part of the phase function of the dust grains that reside in the disk surface which is essential for our understanding of protoplanetary dust properties and the early stages of planet formation. We aim to construct a method which takes into account how the flaring shape of the scattering surface of an (optically thick) protoplanetary disk projects onto the image plane of the observer. This allows us to map physical quantities (scattering radius and scattering angle) onto scattered light images and retrieve stellar irradiation corrected (r^2-scaled) images and dust phase functions. We apply the method on archival polarized intensity images of the protoplanetary disk around HD 100546 that were obtained with VLT/SPHERE in R'-band and VLT/NACO in H- and Ks-band. The brightest side of the r^2-scaled R'-band polarized intensity image of HD 100546 changes from the far to the near side of the disk when a flaring instead of a geometrically flat disk surface is used for the r^2-scaling. The decrease in polarized surface brightness in the scattering angle range of ~40-70 deg is likely a result of the dust phase function and degree of polarization which peak in different scattering angle regimes. The derived phase functions show part of a forward scattering peak which indicates that large, aggregate dust grains dominate the scattering opacity in the disk surface. Projection effects of a protoplanetary disk surface need to be taken into account to correctly interpret scattered light images. Applying the correct scaling for the correction of stellar irradiation is crucial for the interpretation of the images and the derivation of the dust properties in the disk surface layer.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 6 pages, 3 figure

The Scatter in the Relationship between Redshift and the Radio-to-Submm Spectral Index

We derive the scatter in the relationship between redshift and radio-to-submm spectral index, alpha^{350}_{1.4}, using the observed spectral energy distributions of 17 low redshift star forming galaxies. A mean galaxy model is derived, along with the rms scatter in alpha^{350}_{1.4}. The scatter is roughly constant with redshift. Constant rms scatter, combined with the flattening of the mean alpha^{350}_{1.4} -- z relationship with increasing redshift, leads to increasing uncertainty for redshift estimates at high redshifts. Normalizing by the dust temperature in the manner proposed by Blain decreases the scatter in alpha^{350}_{1.4} for most of the sample, but does not remove outliers, and free-free absorption at rest frequencies above 1.4 GHz is not likely to be a dominant cause for scatter in the alpha^{350}_{1.4} -- z relationship. We re-derive the cumulative redshift distribution of the 14 field galaxies in a recent submm and radio source sample of Smail et al.. The most likely median redshift for the distribution is 2.7, with a conservative lower limit of z = 2, as was also found by Smail et al. based on the original alpha^{350}_{1.4} -- z models. The normalization and shape of the redshift distribution for the faint submm sources are consistent with those expected for forming elliptical galaxies.Comment: Added Erratum, standard AAS LATEX forma

Exploration of nonlocalities in ensembles consisting of bipartite quantum states

It is revealed that ensembles consisting of multipartite quantum states can exhibit different kinds of nonlocalities. An operational measure is introduced to quantify nonlocalities in ensembles consisting of bipartite quantum states. Various upper and lower bounds for the measure are estimated and the exact values for ensembles consisting of mutually orthogonal maximally entangled bipartite states are evaluated.Comment: The title and some contents changed, 4 pages, no figure

Wess-Zumino-Witten model off criticality

We study the renormalization group flow properties of the Wess-Zumino-Witten model in the region of couplings between $g^2=0$ and $g^2=4\pi/k$, by evaluating the two-loop Zamolodchikov's $c$-function. We also discuss the region of negative couplings.Comment: 8 page

Waiting time dynamics of priority-queue networks

We study the dynamics of priority-queue networks, generalizations of the binary interacting priority queue model introduced by Oliveira and Vazquez [Physica A {\bf 388}, 187 (2009)]. We found that the original AND-type protocol for interacting tasks is not scalable for the queue networks with loops because the dynamics becomes frozen due to the priority conflicts. We then consider a scalable interaction protocol, an OR-type one, and examine the effects of the network topology and the number of queues on the waiting time distributions of the priority-queue networks, finding that they exhibit power-law tails in all cases considered, yet with model-dependent power-law exponents. We also show that the synchronicity in task executions, giving rise to priority conflicts in the priority-queue networks, is a relevant factor in the queue dynamics that can change the power-law exponent of the waiting time distribution.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, minor changes, final published versio

The Additional Line Component within the Iron K\alpha Profile in MCG-6-30-15: Evidence for Blob Ejection?

The EPIC data of MCG -6-30-15 observed by XMM-Newton were analyzed for the complexities of the iron K-alpha line. Here we report that the additional line component (ALC) at 6.9 keV undoubtedly appears within the broad iron Kalpha; line profile at the high state, whereas it disappears at the low state. These state-dependent behaviors exclude several possible origins and suggest an origin of the ALC in matter being ejected from the vicinity of the black hole. At the low state, the newborn blob ejected from the accretion disk is so Thomson-thick that hard X-rays are blocked from ionizing the old blobs, leading to the disappearance of the ALC. When the blob becomes Thomson-thin as a result of expansion, the hard X-ray will penetrate it and ionize the old ones, emitting the ALC at the high state. The blob ejection is the key to switching the ALC on or off.Comment: 6 pages, 4 Figure

Learning Bodily and Temporal Attention in Protective Movement Behavior Detection

For people with chronic pain, the assessment of protective behavior during physical functioning is essential to understand their subjective pain-related experiences (e.g., fear and anxiety toward pain and injury) and how they deal with such experiences (avoidance or reliance on specific body joints), with the ultimate goal of guiding intervention. Advances in deep learning (DL) can enable the development of such intervention. Using the EmoPain MoCap dataset, we investigate how attention-based DL architectures can be used to improve the detection of protective behavior by capturing the most informative temporal and body configurational cues characterizing specific movements and the strategies used to perform them. We propose an end-to-end deep learning architecture named BodyAttentionNet (BANet). BANet is designed to learn temporal and bodily parts that are more informative to the detection of protective behavior. The approach addresses the variety of ways people execute a movement (including healthy people) independently of the type of movement analyzed. Through extensive comparison experiments with other state-of-the-art machine learning techniques used with motion capture data, we show statistically significant improvements achieved by using these attention mechanisms. In addition, the BANet architecture requires a much lower number of parameters than the state of the art for comparable if not higher performances.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, code available, accepted in ACII 201