Transcending Cultural Boundary: Renegotiating the Significance of the Spider Folktale

The enchanted discourse of intercultural communication and globalization cannot be sufficiently enacted without the recognition of the revered place of folktales as cultural products. This paper, while developing its argument on the preponderance of the spider folktale across world cultures, argues that folklore has provided and continues to provide the framework for the breakthrough in inter-cultural communication and global networking. Such terms as the "web spider" and the "world wide web" which are associated with Information technology are hints on the myth of the spider as a global inter-connector. Throughout history, there have been many cultural depictions of the spider in folklore, popular culture, mythology and symbolism. From European, Asian, American, Australian down to African folklores, the spider has been depicted in varied forms ranging from: the cursed to the revered; from the tormentor to the protector, and from the greedy to the inspirer. Although, it has been used to symbolize these tolerable and the despicable ideas, the representation of the spider in many national folklores shows that it is the weaver and the ancestor of intercultural communication. Thus adopting a combination of Comparative Folklore and National Folklore theoretical approaches in interrogating the multifarious characterization of the spider in global cultural production and system of knowing, this paper privileges folklore as a purveyor of globalization. Keywords: Folklore, mythology, intercultural communication, globalization, spide

Intelligent Multiphase Flow Measurement

The oil and gas industry’s goal of developing high performing multiphase flow metering systems capable of reducing costs in the exploitation of marginal oil and gas reserves, especially in remote environments, cannot be over emphasised. Development of a cost-effective multiphase flow meter to determine the individual phase flow rates of oil, water and gas was experimentally investigated by means of low cost, simple and non-intrusive commercially available sensors. Features from absolute pressure, differential pressure (axial), gamma densitometer, conductivity and capacitance meters, in combination with pattern recognition techniques were used to detect shifts in flow conditions, such as flow structure, pressure and salinity changes and measured multiphase flow parameters simultaneously without the need for preconditioning or prior knowledge of either phase. The experiments were carried out at the National Engineering Laboratory (NEL) Multiphase facility. Data was sampled at 250 Hz across a wide spectrum of flow conditions. Fluids used were nitrogen gas, oil (Forties and Beryl crude oil – D80, 33o API gravity) and water (salinity levels of 50 and 100 g/l MgSO4). The sensor spool piece was horizontally mounted on a 4-inch (102mm) pipe, and the database was obtained from two different locations on the flow loop. The ability to learn from ‘experience’ is a feature of neural networks. The use of neural networks allows re-calibration of the measuring system on line through a retraining process when new information becomes available. Some benefits and capabilities of intelligent multiphase flow systems include: Reduction in the physical size of installations. Sensor fusion by merging the operating envelopes of different sensors employed provided even better results. Monitoring of flow conditions, not just flow rate but also composition of components. Using conventional sensors within the system will present the industry with a much lower cost multiphase meter, and better reliability. Comment [HS1]: I think this word should be measured to make the sentence read correctly

Temporal Reasoning Through Automatic Translation of tock-CSP into Timed Automata

In this work, we present an approach for automatic translation of tock-CSP into Timed Automata (TA) for Uppaal to facilitate using Uppaal in reasoning about temporal specifications of tock-CSP models. The process algebra tock-CSP provides textual notations for modelling discrete-time behaviours, with the support of tools for automatic verification. Automatic verification of TA with a graphical notation is supported by Uppaal. The two approaches provide facilities for automatic verification. For instance, liveness requirements are difficult to specify with the constructs of tock-CSP, but they are easy to specify and verify in Uppaal. We have developed a translation technique and a tool based for translating tock-CSP into a network of small TAs for capturing the compositional structure of tock-CSP. For validating the rules, we begin with an experimental approach based on finite approximations to trace sets. Then, we explore using structural induction to establish the correctness

Fall Detection System with Accelerometer and Threshold-based Algorithm

Most presently available fall detection systems that are marketed for commercial use predominantly consist of wearable technologies. These technologies often involve a device positioned on the wrist, which may lead to the occurrence of false positive alerts due to the movements of the wrist. This paper proposed a fall detection system that aims to improve both reliability and cost-effectiveness. The system is designed to promptly inform surrounding individuals of their need for assistance in emergency situations. The fall detection system we propose consists of an accelerometer and a gyroscope, which collectively calculate acceleration, orientation, and various other motion characteristics. The resulting system demonstrated a sensitivity of 90%, a specificity of 85%, and an accuracy of 87.5%

Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Amaranthus sp. L sold at vegetable farms in Katsina Metropolis

The study was design to assess the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in spinach sold at vegetable farms at Katsina metropolis, using Atomic absorption spectrometer VPG 210 model for the metals analysis.The study reveals that cadmium has recorded highest concentration followed by chromium and zinc, at Kofar Marusasite, Cd 12.5±2.5mg/kg > Cr & Zn both had 4.7±0.62mg/kg, while Kofar Durbi site Zn 13.2±4.21mg/kg > Cd 12.5±2.5mg/kg > Cr 4.71 ± 0.62mg/kg. Similarly, at K/Sauri, study site, Zn had 13.2±4.21mg/kg > Cd 12.5± 2.5mg/kg > Cr 4.71±0.62mg/kg. However, concentrations of heavy metals in the soil of the study sites show Cr had high mean value of 10.19±0.41mg/kg > Zn 6.13± 0.87mg/kg > Cd 5.84±0.83mg/kg: Plant concentration factor (PCF) in the study ranges between 1.40-2.8Mg/l at K/marusa for Cd, Cr and Zn, K/Durbi 0.45-2.11 and K/Sauri with 0.3-4.0 respectively. Therefore, the study recommended that measures should be taken inorder to mitigate improper discharge of untreated wastewater by the neighboring factories which might be the potential source of contamination of soil and vegetable in the farms.Keywords: Bioaccumulation, Heavy metals, Amaranthus sp. L, Katsian metropolis and Wastewate

Use of Data Mining for Prediction of Customer Loyalty

This article discusses the analysis of customer loyalty using three data mining methods: C4.5,Naive Bayes, and Nearest Neighbor Algorithms and real-world empirical data. The data contain ten attributes related to the customer loyalty and are obtained from a national multimedia company in Indonesia. The dataset contains 2269 records. The study also evaluates the effects of the size of the training data to the accuracy of the classification. The results suggest that C4.5 algorithm produces highest classification accuracy at the order of 81% followed by the methods of Naive Bayes 76% and Nearest Neighbor 55%. In addition, the numerical evaluation also suggests that the proportion of 80% is optimal for the training set

Publisher's Note: Pressure and kinetic energy transport across the cavity mouth in resonating cavities

Basic properties of the incompressible fluid motion in a rectangular cavity located along one wall of a plane channel are considered. For Mach numbers of the order of 1 x 10(-3) and using the incompressible formulation, we look for observable properties that can be associated with acoustic emission, which is normally observed in this kind of flow beyond a critical value of Reynolds number. The focus is put on the energy dynamics, in particular on the accumulation of energy in the cavity which takes place in the form of pressure and kinetic energy. By increasing the external forcing, we observe that the pressure flow into the cavity increases very rapidly, then peaks. However, the flow of kinetic energy, which is many orders of magnitude lower than that of the pressure, slowly but continuously grows. This leads to the pressure-kinetic energy flows ratio reaching an asymptotic state around the value 1000 for the channel bulk speed Reynolds number. It is interesting to note that beyond this threshold when the channel flow is highly unsteady-a sort of coarse turbulent flow-a sequence of high and low pressure spots is seen to depart from the downward cavity step in the statistically averaged field. The set of spots forms a steady spatial structure, a sort of damped standing wave stretching along the spanwise direction. The line joining the centers of the spots has an inclination similar to the normal to the fronts of density or pressure waves, which are observed to propagate from the downstream cavity edge in compressible cavity flows (at Mach numbers of 1 x 10(2) to 1 x 10(3), larger than those considered here). The wavelength of the standing wave is of the order of 1/8 the cavity depth and observed at the channel bulk Reynolds number, Re similar to 2900. In this condition, the measure of the maximum pressure differences in the cavity field shows values of the order of 1 x 10(-1) Pa. We interpret the presence of this sort of wave as the fingerprint of the noise emission spots which could be observed in simulations where the full compressible formulation is used. The flow is studied by means of a sequence of direct numerical simulations in the Reynolds number range 25-2900. This allows the study to span across the steady laminar regime up to a first coarse turbulent regime. These results are confirmed by the good agreement with a set of laboratory results obtained at a Reynolds number one order of magnitude larger in a different cavity geometry [M. Gharib and A. Roshko, J. Fluid Mech. 177, 501 (1987)]. This leaves room for a certain degree of qualitative universality to be associated with the present findings. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.87.013013 Keywords KeyWords Plus:DIRECT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; COMPRESSIBLE FLOW; TURBULENT-FLOW; OSCILLATIONS; SHEA

Notes and Comments: The Young and Frericks Cases: Re-Examining Traditional Theories of Manufacturer Liability for Product Defects

The expanding scope of product liability raised questions concerning the status of prior legal concepts in the area of design defects. The author discusses the present position of the law and the continued viability of the familiar latent-patent test of liability in Maryland