СOMPARATIVE EFFICIENCY OF USE OF METHYLETHYLPYRIDINOL BY THE ENDONASAL ELECTROPHORESIS AND PARABULBAR INJECTIONS AT THE CHORIORETINAL DYSTROPHY

Research objective: comparative assessment of efficiency of use of Emoxypin® by an endonasal electrophoresis and parabulbar injections at a chorioretinal dystrophy. Methods: 71 patients (average age of 55±3 years) suffering from a chorioretinal dystrophy of various genesis were in the study. The ophthalmologic examination included: evaluation of visual acuity, a field of vision, a visual fatigue, a condition of bulbar microcirculation (the general conjunctiva index). Besides, electrophysiological examination was conducted, including critical frequency of merge of flickers and electric sensitivity of an eye. The patients were divided into 2 groups. The main group (28 patients) received Emoxypin® with endonasal electrophoresis and group B (43 patients) received Emoxypin® by parabulbar injections. Results: Results of the statistical analysis in both groups showed visual acuity increasment, expansion of borders of a field of vision, depression of visual fatigability, indicators of electrophysiological examination and bulbar microcirculation improved. Conclusion: The comparative assessment of efficiency of use of Emoxypin® by an endonasal electrophoresis and parabulbar injections at a chorioretinal dystrophic various a genesis showed appreciable medical effect in the course of restoration of visual functions which in some cases (18%) even better effect observed at parabulbar injections

Integrated stratigraphy of the Priabonian (upper Eocene) Urtsadzor section, Armenia

The transition from the Bartonian to the Priabonian, as traditionally understood, has long been associated with a series of extinctions and originations in several microfossil groups. The planktonic foraminifer genus Morozovelloides and large species of Acarinina suffered a rapid global extinction, as did many radiolarians. Calcareous nannofossils show several assemblage changes including the acme beginning of Cribrocentrum erbae and the lowest and highest occurrences of Chiasmolithus oamaruensis and C. grandis respectively. In shallow water environments, larger foraminifera also show an extinction among large species of Nummulites, as well as the first occurrences of the stratigraphically important genus Spiroclypeus. However, the correlation between shallow and deep water records remains uncertain, as do the mechanisms driving these biotic events. Here we present the results of a new integrated stratigraphical study (calcareous nannofossils, planktonic foraminifera, larger benthic foraminifera, and low-resolution magnetostratigraphy) of the Urtsadzor section in south-western Armenia which appears to be continuous through this interval. The Urtsadzor section consists of calcareous siltstones rich in micro- and nannofossils, with interbedded limestones containing abundant larger benthic foraminifera. Our new data enable us to correlate larger foraminiferal events with global plankton biostratigraphy, in a section outside of southwest Europe where most previous correlations have been based. At Urtsadzor, the large Nummulites species of N. millecaput-group are present throughout the whole section but decrease in abundance toward the top. The first occurrence of Spiroclypeus, also occurs in the upper part of the section, marking the SBZ 18/19 boundary. These events are associated with the phylogenetic development of the Nummulites fabianii and Heterostegina reticulata lineages. However, the calcareous plankton biostratigraphy indicates the section is well within the Priabonian; within planktonic foraminiferal Zones E14 and E15 and calcareous nannoplankton Zones CNE 18 and CNE 19. These results indicate larger foraminiferal events occur well above the planktonic foraminiferal extinction level and nannofossil assemblage changes indicating the events are not synchronous across groups, with implications for biostratigraphy and recognition of the basal Priabonian in different depositional settings and regions

A multi-scale crystal plasticity model for cyclic plasticity and low-cycle fatigue in a precipitate-strengthened steel at elevated temperature

peer-reviewedIn this paper, a multi-scale crystal plasticity model is presented for cyclic plasticity and low-cycle fatigue in a tempered martensite ferritic steel at elevated temperature. The model explicitly represents the geometry of grains, sub-grains and precipitates in the material, with strain gradient effects and kinematic hardening included in the crystal plasticity formulation. With the multiscale model, the cyclic behaviour at the sub-grain level is predicted with the effect of lath and precipitate sizes examined. A crystallographic, accumulated slip (strain) parameter, modulated by triaxiality, is implemented at the micro scale, to predict crack initiation in precipitate-strengthened laths. The predicted numbers of cycles to crack initiation agree well with experimental data. A strong dependence on the precipitate size is demonstrated, indicating a detrimental effect of coarsening of precipitates on fatigue at elevated temperature. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.ACCEPTEDpeer-reviewe

MEDICAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH VASCULAR OPHTHALMOPATHY

Aim: To assess medical and social issues of occupational rehabilitation in elderly patients with vascular eye diseases. Materials and methods: The results of examination of 572 patients and disabled persons after acute occlusion of central retinal artery, central retinal vein or optic nerve ischemia with sequelae were analyzed. Results: The majority of patients (> 70%) with history of acute occlusion of central retinal artery, central retinal vein or optic nerve ischemia were elderly and had extensive professional background. Frequency of acute vascular eye diseases-related disability was as follows: 12.7% after occlusion of central retinal artery, 60.1% after acute occlusion of central retinal vein and 27.2% after acute optic nerve ischemia. Conclusion: Key determinants of occupational abilities in patients with vascular eye diseases are: visual function, positive motivation for work, compensation status of background vascular condition and adequate working environment

LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF RETINAL DEGENERATIVE DISORDER TREATMENT WITH PEPTIDE BIOREGULATORS

Aim. To analyze long-term outcomes and efficacy of retinal degeneration treatment with Retinalamin.Patients and methods. Group I included 20 patients (40 eyes) with pigmentary retinal dystrophy (15 patients, 30 eyes) and retinal abiotrophy (5 patients, 10 eyes) who received treatment with Retinalamin for 5‑7 years. Group II included 11 patients (22 eyes) with pigmentary retinal dystrophy (9 patients, 18 eyes) and retinal abiotrophy (2 patients, 4 eyes) who received treatment with Retinalamin for 23‑25 years. Group III (controls) included 15 patients (30 eyes) with pigmentary retinal dystrophy (11 patients, 22 eyes) and retinal abiotrophy (4 patients, 8 eyes) who received traditional treatment (vasodilators, angioprotectors, antisclerotic agents, vitamins) for 25 years. Standard ophthalmological examination, i.e., visual acuity measurement, visual field test, refractometry, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, was performed.Results. First course of treatment with Retinalamin improved vision in 58.1 % of retinal degeneration patients. Visual fields improved in 64.5 % of cases. Repeated treatment courses (1‑2 times a year) for 23‑25 years preserved residual vision in 55.6 % of patients and object vision in 11.1 % of cases. In retinal abiotrophy patients, residual vision preserved in 100 % of cases.Conclusions. In retinal degenerations, Retinalamin improves vision and visual fields and decreases total area of absolute scotomas even after the first treatment course as well as preserves vision in prolonged use

Temperature regime reconstruction of two Caucasian Mountain lakes based on diatom analysis

В статье проанализированы данные по диатомовым комплексам из донных отложений оз. Каракель (Республика Карачаево-Черкессия) и оз. Донгузорун (Республика Кабардино-Балкария). Оба озера имеют ледниковое происхождение. Первичный материал был получен в результате бурения озерных осадков в наиболее глубокой части этих озер. Реконструкция температурного режима озер проведена по результатам анализа систематического состава диатомовых комплексов. Расчет изменений температурного режима основан на принципе унификации биоиндикационных методов. Обсуждаются перспективы применения нового метода для палеоклиматических реконструкций. В работе использованы результаты изотопного датирования и геохимического анализа озерных осадков.По диатомовым комплексам выявлены долговременные тенденции изменения температурного режима в исследованных озерах. Кроме того, обнаружены более кратковременные периоды повышения и понижения температуры воды в оз. Донгузорун, которые, вероятно, связаны с сезонными изменениями. Ранее для обоих озер были выделены периоды переотложения донных осадков под воздействием селевых потоков. По результатам диатомового анализа эти процессы всегда совпадали с периодами относительного повышения температуры озерных вод.The authors present the analysis of data on diatom assemblages from the bottom sediments in Lake Karakyol (Karachayevo-Circassian Republic) and Lake Donguzorun (Kabardino-Balkarian Republic). Both lakes are of glacial origin. The sediments samples were drilled in the deepest parts of lakes. The temperature regime of lakes was reconstructed according to taxonomic composition of diatom assemblages. The calculations of temperature variations were based on the unification principle of bioindication methods. The prospects of application of this new method for paleoclimatic reconstructions are discussed. The results of the isotopic dating and the geochemical analysis of lacustrine sediments were used. On the basis of diatom assemblages the long-term trends of temperature variations for study lakes were revealed. Moreover, the authors determined short-term periods of increasing and decreasing of water temperature in Lake Donguzorun which were probably connected with seasonal changes. Previously, the periods of sediment redeposition resulted from mud flow activity have been determined for both lakes. According to the results of diatom analysis it was found that these processes always coincided with periods of the relative temperature increasing in the lake

Remote results of treatment of biliary atresia in children

The objective. To analyze early and long-term results of surgical treatment of biliary atresia in children. 120 patients with biliary atresia underwent Kasai procedure from 2000 to 2018. The follow-up course varied from 6 months to 15 years. The authors assessed the survival rate of children with native liver and the survival rate without indications for liver transplantation in different age periods, as well as the frequency of surgical complications, bacterial cholangitis, portal hypertension, etc.The results. The survival rate of children with native liver within 1 year was 82.7%; within 2 years – 57.72%; 3 years – 49.6%; 5 years – 42.1%; over 10 years – 33.25%. In case of effective surgery the authors noted the restoration of stool color, jaundice relief and gradual normalization of bilirubin level during the 1st year. The activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase and transaminases in most children increased in the early postoperative period and, then, gradually decreased. The most frequent postoperative complications were episodes of cholangitis and portal hypertension. During the first year, episodes of cholangitis were detected in 50 (42.3%) of 119 children, regardless of the effectiveness of the Kasai procedure. 56 children (47.75%) had signs of portal hypertension during the first year of life; its frequency increased to 70% by the age of 5–10 years.Conclusion. In most cases, Kasai procedure prolongs life with the native liver, allowing you to postpone transplantation and it is an effective method of treatment of biliary atresia in children. The most frequent complications are cholangitis and portal hypertension, the early detection and timely correction of them is an integral part of the treatment of these patients