Kinetic analysis of the reduction of zinc and iron oxides from dust and slurry

The reduction of zinc and iron oxides from blast-furnace slurry and gas-purification dust at steel furnaces by heating with carbon is studied in physicochemical terms. Kinetic analysis reveals the optimal parameters of furnace reduction. Initial data are obtained for the development of a reduction technology for zinc and iron oxides. © 2013 Allerton Press, Inc

Physicochemical investigation of anodic processes involved in silver electrowinning in refining technology

During silver electrowinning in refining technology, irrespectively of the nature of electrolyte and anode material, an anode deposit is formed due to oxidation of singly charged silver ions to higher degrees of oxidation (+2 and +3) under polarization. Absorption spectra of Ag(II) have been obtained in solutions with various concentrations of silver ions and nitric acid using anodic polarization in combination with electronic absorption spectroscopy; silver ions of high oxidation degrees were found to be unstable in solutions. At anode potentials φa ≥ 1.15-1.22 V, Ag(I) ions in liquid phase are oxidized to Ag(II), which paint the anolyte; their content depends on silver and nitric acid concentrations in the electrolyte. The deposit crystallizes on anode at potential φa ≈ 1.5 V. Chemical analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, and a thermogravimetric study of the anode deposit have made it possible to identify its initial composition as Ag 7O8NO3. The deposit composition varies in time as a result of reduction of highly oxidized silver. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Massey products in symplectic manifolds

The paper is devoted to study of Massey products in symplectic manifolds. Theory of generalized and classical Massey products and a general construction of symplectic manifolds with nontrivial Massey products of arbitrary large order are exposed. The construction uses the symplectic blow-up and is based on the author results, which describe conditions under which the blow-up of a symplectic manifold X along its submanifold Y inherits nontrivial Massey products from X ot Y. This gives a general construction of nonformal symplectic manifolds.Comment: LaTeX, 48 pages, 2 figure

Phase transitions and exchange interactions in the SmCr3(BO3)4 crystal

© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.Spectroscopic investigation and specific heat and magnetic susceptibility measurements of SmCr3(BO3)4 crystals were performed. The spectra of the Sm3+ and Cr3+ ions in samarium chromium borate were calculated and parameters of the exchange interactions between the nearest chromium ions, chromium and samarium ions were determined. Three phase transitions were observed at the temperatures T1= 7.8 ± 0.5 ?, T2 = 6.7 ± 0.5 ?, and T3 = 4.3 ± 0.2 ?, their nature is discussed. The crystal structures with different space symmetry groups R32 and C2/c were found to coexist in SmCr3(BO3)4 single crystal

Phase transitions and exchange interactions in the SmCr3(BO3)4 crystal

© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. Spectroscopic investigation and specific heat and magnetic susceptibility measurements of SmCr 3 (BO 3 ) 4 crystals were performed. The spectra of the Sm 3+ and Cr 3+ ions in samarium chromium borate were calculated and parameters of the exchange interactions between the nearest chromium ions, chromium and samarium ions were determined. Three phase transitions were observed at the temperatures T1= 7.8 ± 0.5 ?, T 2 = 6.7 ± 0.5 ?, and T 3 = 4.3 ± 0.2 ?, their nature is discussed. The crystal structures with different space symmetry groups R32 and C2/c were found to coexist in SmCr 3 (BO 3 ) 4 single crystal

Фармакоэкономическое обоснование применения генно-инженерных биологических препаратов в амбулаторных условиях

Objective. Carrying out of the comparative clinical and economic analysis of treatment of patients with rheumatic diseases (RD) by genetically engineered biological agents (GEBA) in conditions of round-the-clock and day-time in-patient departments.Materials and Methods. In a basis pharmacoeconomic calculations on a method "cost minimization" was put the actual quantity of patients (57 persons) with RD who had previously been initiated and carried out GEBA therapy in conditions of round-the-clock in-patient department, and then the patients for eight months were observed and treated GEBA in day-time in-patient department of budgetary establishment of public health services of Omsk region "Clinical Cardiology Clinic".Results. It demonstrated clinical efficiency of application of GEBA in conditions of a day-time in-patient department in the form of statistically significant decrease of the activity of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis on index DAS28 and stable effect on index BASDAI at ankylosing spondylitis with achievement of stable remission of diseases. Adverse events and adverse drug reactions of GEBA were recorded regardless of the conditions of stay of patients that testifies to identity of parameters of safety of carrying out of genetically engineered biological therapy (GEBT) in a day-time in-patient department. The economic effect of application of hospitalization replacement technologies within 8 months at 57 patients amounted to 2 072 934,1 rbl. In recalculation on quantity of patients in Omsk region (120) sum of economy of system of obligatory medical insurance will amount 4 361 142 rbl.Conclusion. The parameter of a difference of costs at treatment by GEBA of patients with RD in conditions of round-the-clock and day-time in-patient departments in system of obligatory medical insurance testifies to necessity of wide introduction for a clinical practice of hospitalization replacement technologies at treatment by GEBA of patients with RD.Целью исследования являлось проведение сравнительного клинико-экономического анализа лечения пациентов с ревматическими заболеваниями (РЗ) генно-инженерными биологическими препаратами (ГИБП) в условиях круглосуточного и дневного стационаров.Материалы и методы. В основу фармакоэкономических расчетов по методу «минимизации затрат» положено фактическое количество пациентов (57 человек) с РЗ, которым ранее была инициирована и проводилась терапия ГИБП в условиях круглосуточного стационара, а затем пациенты в течение восьми месяцев наблюдались и получали лечение ГИБП в дневном стационаре бюджетного учреждения здравоохранения Омской области (БУЗОО) «Клинический кардиологический диспансер» («ККД»).Результаты. Продемонстрирована клиническая эффективность применения ГИБП в условиях дневного стационара в виде статистически значимого снижения активности ревматоидного артрита, псориатического артритов по индексу DAS28 и стабильного эффекта по индексу BASDAI при анкилозирующем спондилите с достижением стойкой ремиссии заболеваний. Нежелательные явления и побочные реакции ГИБП регистрировались независимо от условий пребывания пациентов, что свидетельствует об идентичности показателей безопасности проведения генно-инженерной биологической терапии (ГИБТ) в дневном стационаре. Экономический эффект от применения стационарзамещающей технологии в течение 8 месяцев у 57 пациентов составил 2 072 934,1 руб. В персчете на количество больных в Омском регионе (120) сумма экономии в системе обязательного медицинского страхования составит 4 361 142 руб.Заключение. Показатель разницы затрат при лечении ГИБП пациентов с РЗ в условиях круглосуточного и дневного стационаров в системе обязательного медицинского страхования свидетельствует о необходимости широкого внедрения в клиническую практику стационарзамещающих технологий при лечении ГИБП пациентов с РЗ