31,155 research outputs found
ING4 (inhibitor of growth family, member 4)
Review on ING4 (inhibitor of growth family, member 4), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated
Ironing out the details: Untangling dietary iron and genetic background in diabetes
The search for genetic risk factors in type-II diabetes has been hindered by a failure to consider dietary variables. Dietary nutrients impact metabolic disease risk and severity and are essential to maintaining metabolic health. Genetic variation between individuals confers differences in metabolism, which directly impacts response to diet. Most studies attempting to identify genetic risk factors in disease fail to incorporate dietary components, and thus are ill-equipped to capture the breadth of the genome’s impact on metabolism. Understanding how genetic background interacts with nutrients holds the key to predicting and preventing metabolic diseases through the implementation of personalized nutrition. Dysregulation of iron homeostasis is associated with type-II diabetes, but the link between dietary iron and metabolic dysfunction is poorly defined. High iron burden in adipose tissue induces insulin resistance, but the mechanisms underlying adipose iron accumulation remain unknown. Hepcidin controls dietary iron absorption and distribution in metabolic tissues, but it is unknown whether genetic variation influencing hepcidin expression modifies susceptibility to dietary iron-induced insulin resistance. This review highlights discoveries concerning the axis of iron homeostasis and adipose function and suggests that genetic variation underlying dietary iron metabolism is an understudied component of metabolic disease
Sub-arcsecond Morphology of Planetary Nebulae
Planetary nebulae (PNe) can be roughly categorized into several broad
morphological classes. The high quality images of PNe acquired in recent years,
however, have revealed a wealth of fine structures that preclude simplistic
models for their formation. Here we present narrow-band, sub-arcsecond images
of a sample of relatively large PNe that illustrate the complexity and variety
of small-scale structures. This is especially true for bipolar PNe, for which
the images reveal multi-polar ejections and, in some cases, suggest turbulent
gas motions. Our images also reveal the presence or signs of jet-like outflows
in several objects in which this kind of component has not been previously
reported.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in PAS
Phase diagrams and universality classes of random antiferromagnetic spin ladders
The random antiferromagnetic two-leg and zigzag spin-1/2 ladders are
investigated using the real space renormalization group scheme and their
complete phase diagrams are determined. We demonstrate that the first system
belongs to the same universality class of the dimerized random spin-1/2 chain.
The zigzag ladder, on the other hand, is in a random singlet phase at weak
frustration and disorder. Otherwise, we give additional evidence that it
belongs to the universality class of the random antiferromagnetic and
ferromagnetic quantum spin chains, although the universal fixed point found in
the latter system is never realized. We find, however, a new universal fixed
point at intermediate disorder.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figure
Performance of a New Enhanced Topological Decision-Rule Map-Matching Algorithm for Transportation Applications
Indexación: Web of Science; ScieloMap-matching problems arise in numerous transportation-related applications when spatial data is collected using inaccurate GPS technology and integrated with a flawed digital roadway map in a GIS environment. This paper presents a new enhanced post-processing topological decision-rule map-matching algorithm in order to address relevant special cases that occur in the spatial mismatch resolution. The proposed map-matching algorithm includes simple algorithmic improvements: dynamic buffer that varies its size to snap GPS data points to at least one roadway centerline; a comparison between vehicle heading measurements and associated roadway centerline direction; and a new design of the sequence of steps in the algorithm architecture. The original and new versions of the algorithm were tested on different spatial data qualities collected in Canada and United States. Although both versions satisfactorily resolve complex spatial ambiguities, the comparative and statistical analysis indicates that the new algorithm with the simple algorithmic improvements outperformed the original version of the map-matching algorithm.El problema de la ambigüedad espacial ocurre en varias aplicaciones relacionadas con transporte, especÃficamente cuando existe inexactitud en los datos espaciales capturados con tecnologÃa GPS o cuando son integrados con un mapa digital que posee errores en un ambiente SIG. Este artÃculo presenta un algoritmo nuevo y mejorado basado en reglas de decisión que es capaz de resolver casos especiales relevantes en modo post-proceso. El algoritmo propuesto incluye las siguientes mejoras algorÃtmicas: un área de búsqueda dinámica que varÃa su tamaño para asociar puntos GPS a al menos un eje de calzada, una comparación entre el rumbo del vehÃculo y la dirección del eje de calzada asignada, y un nuevo diseño de la secuencia de pasos del algoritmo. Tanto el algoritmo original como el propuesto fueron examinados con datos espaciales de diferentes calidades capturados en Canadá y Estados Unidos. Aunque ambas versiones resuelven satisfactoriamente el problema de ambigüedad espacial, el análisis comparativo y estadÃstico indica que la nueva versión del algoritmo con las mejoras algorÃtmicas entrega resultados superiores a la versión original del algoritmo.http://ref.scielo.org/9mt55
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