Behaviours of natural organic matter in membrane filtration for surface water treatment : a review

Membrane application in surface water treatment provides many advantages over conventional treatment. However, this effort is hampered by the fouling issue, which restricts its widespread application due to increases in hydraulic resistances, operational and maintenance costs, deterioration of productivity and frequency of membrane regeneration problems. This paper discusses natural organic matter (NOM) and its components as the major membrane foulants that occur during the water filtration process, possible fouling mechanisms relating to reversible and irreversible of NOM fouling, current techniques used to characterize fouling mechanisms and methods to control fouling. Feed properties, membrane characteristics, operational conditions and solution chemistry were also found to strongly influence the nature and extent of NOM fouling. Findings of such studies are highlighted. The understanding of the combined roles of controlling factors and the methods used is very important in order to choose and optimize the best technique and conditions during surface water treatment. The future potential of membrane application for NOM removal is also discussed

Fibrilasi Atrium sebagai Faktor Risiko Kejadian Stroke Non Hemoragik di Bagian Saraf RSUD Dr Soedarso Pontianak

Latar Belakang: Meningkatnya usia harapan hidup di Indonesia yangdiperkirakan akan menempati posisi keenam tertinggi di dunia pada tahun2020 cenderung meningkatkan risiko terjadinya penyakit vaskular. Salahsatu penyakit vaskular berbahaya adalah stroke. Salah satu faktor risikoyang meningkatkan kejadian stroke non hemoragik adalah fibrilasi atrium.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fibrilasi atrium sebagaifaktor risiko kejadian stroke non hemoragik di RSUD dr. SoedarsoPontianak. Metodologi: Penelitian ini merupakan studi analitik denganpendekatan case control yang dilakukan terhadap 32 subyek kelompokkasus dan 32 subyek penelitian kelompok kontrol yang dirawat inap diRSUD dr. Soedarso Pontianak. Data diperoleh dari rekam medik pasiendan pengambilan data dilakukan dengan proses matching usia dan jeniskelamin yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Mc. Nemar dengantingkat kemaknaan p1. Hasil: Didapatkan fibrilasi atriumsebagai faktor risiko kejadian stroke non hemoragik dengan nilai oddsratio 6,61 (IK 95% 1,66-26,349) dan terdapat hubungan yang bermaknaantara fibrilasi atrium dan kejadian stroke non hemoragik (p=0,001).Kesimpulan: Fibrilasi atrium merupakan faktor risiko kejadian stroke nonhemoragik di RSUD dr. Soedarso Pontianak

Wanprestasi dalam Perjanjian Asuransi Kebakaran: Studi Kasus Putusan Mahkamah Agung-ri Nomor: 911 K/pdt/2009

Insurance business has long existed in the Indonesian economy and participated in the national history, along with the other economic activities. However, it does not guarantee that it runs smoothly. Legal problem like default case of default in the fire insurance between PT. Pupuk Subur Makmur and PT. Asuransi Wahana Tata. The conclusion of the research was that PT. Pupuk Subur Makmur had been inattentive in carrying out its obligation by declaring default to PT. Pupuk Subur Makmur. In consequence, it had to be fined as it was decided by the Panel of Judges of the Supreme Court No. 911K/Pdt/ 2009. It is recommended that both parties have sense of justice in carrying out their right and obligation in the insurance contract, they have to be honest in order to avoid dispute in making an insurance contract between the guarantor and the insured

Pembuatan Sistem Pelayanan Taksi dengan Menggunakan Android, Google Maps, dan Ruby On Rails

With the increase of the number of population and economy especially in big cities, the need for any modes of public transportation is also increases. One of the mode of transportation with increasing demand by the medium-to-high income population is taxi. The fact that the current operation of taxies is still using conventional and inefficient ways of communication such as two-way radios, and phone calls, raises the possibility of using more efficient tools such as using Android devices, Google Map API, and Ruby of Rails framework as proposed in this paper. It can be shown that the application of these technologies can provide an integrated taxi service system which is more informative, effective and efficient

The power of implicit social relation in rating prediction of social recommender systems of social recommender

The explosive growth of social networks in recent times has presented a powerful source of information to be utilized as an extra source for assisting in the social recommendation problems. The social recommendation methods that are based on probabilistic matrix factorization improved the recommendation accuracy and partly solved the cold-start and data sparsity problems. However, these methods only exploited the explicit social relations and almost completely ignored the implicit social relations. In this article, we firstly propose an algorithm to extract the implicit relation in the undirected graphs of social networks by exploiting the link prediction techniques. Furthermore, we propose a new probabilistic matrix factorization method to alleviate the data sparsity problem through incorporating explicit friendship and implicit friendship. We evaluate our proposed approach on two real datasets, Last.Fm and Douban. The experimental results show that our method performs much better than the state-of-the-art approaches, which indicates the importance of incorporating implicit social relations in the recommendation process to address the poor prediction accuracy

Turbocharger matching methodology for improved exhaust energy recovery

Current engine simulation codes rely on user-input turbine maps to predict the performance of turbocharged engines. These experimentally obtained maps are limited in range as they are typically obtained through the use of an aerodynamically limited turbine loading device, the compressor. In order to extend the range of the map for simulation, several fitting techniques are utilized in order to obtain the values of efficiency and mass flow over the entire range of pressure ratio for all speeds. This investigation compares predicted turbine maps, obtained from narrow ranges of pressure ratio with more reliable, wider maps obtained experimentally for the same turbines by replacing the compressor with a dynamometer. The outcome of this investigation can be used to improve the fitting of efficiency and mass flow rate curves in engine simulation software

Implementation of Graph Colouring Using Welch-Powell Algorithm to Determine Student Mentoring Schedule

Graph colouring using the Welch-Powell algorithm is one of the schedule preparation techniques. Especially for arranging student guidance schedules in a study program. The vertex on a graph is represented as a student who will conduct guidance, while the side that connects two vertex states if the two vertex or two students have one and/or two of the same supervisors. The results of this research indicate that the coloring of graphs using the Welch Powell algorithm can be applied to compile the guidance schedule of PGSD students at the Pacific University of Morotai

Analisis Keterampilan Bertanya oleh Guru Mata Pelajaran Sosiologi pada Kelas X Mas Khulafaur Rasyidin

The purpose in this research is to analyze the ability of asked by sociology teacher study program of X class Khulafaur Rasyidin Kabupaten Kubu Raya. The method that is used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The result of this research showed that the ability of asked by sociology teacher of X class Mas Khulafaur Rasyidin Kabupaten Kubu Raya is optimal yet. This case is seen from both aspects the ability of asked, the teacher only fulfill one aspect. The aspect is the ability of basic asked. The ability of basic asked, it seen and got from skill and teacher\u27s ability of basic asked in learning process. Teacher often gives a question and receive student\u27s question well. The ability of the next level asked that the teacher did of sociology study program is not optimal yet. This case can be seen from the teacher of the next level asked, when the teacher given a question to the students in the cognitive level, the teacher is not optimal yet or it is not mastered yet all of them about the setting list of a question from the lowest cognitive level to the complex level

Analisa Kelayakan Etanol Kadar Rendah Sebagai Bahan Bakar Pada Kompor Bergravitasi

Low grade alcohol  is energy that can be renewed. when compared to kerosene and LPG, bioethanol stove is non explossive, does not require a large pressure and easy to manufacture. This study to determine the effect of the height and length of  heating coil burner water heating time, preparation time and fuel consumption. The principle of low grade of ethanol stove is used the position of the fuel tank height and speed up the process of  evaporation. Variations used in this study is the length of the heating coil burner that is 55 cm, 75 cm, 95cm, and height is given by 1.5 m, 1.75 m, and 2 m. The results indicate that the use water heating fastest time obtained at 2 m height variation with of 95 cm burner heating coil of 790 seconds. At the time of preparation reduction obtained at the optimal height variation of 1.5 mand lenghth 95 cm of burner heating coils is 328 sekonds. The lowest fuel consumption obtained when using length variation burner heating coil 55 cm and a height of 1.5 m  at 0.132 ml/sec