MOBILITY OF CADMIUM IN VARIOUS SOIL TYPES / SUBTYPES

V príspevku sa hodnotil hygienický stav pôd vo vzťahu k plošnému prehľadu kontaminácie poľnohospodárskych pôd ťažkými kovmi. Celkový obsah Cd a obsahy v extraktoch 2M HNO3, 0,05M EDTA a 0,01M CaCl2 boli stanovené v pôdnych vzorkách odobratých z troch rôznych horizontov. Získané údaje boli porovnané s prípustnými limitnými hodnotami. Na sledovanie sorpcie Cd v modelových kinetických podmienkach boli použité PVC kolóny. Obsah Cd bol stanovený v extrakčných roztokoch (2M HNO3, 0,05M EDTA, 0,01M CaCl2) metódou atómovej absorpčnej spektrofotometrie. Cd sa v zlúčeninách vo väčšine testovaných pôd nachádza v ľahkouvoľniteľných formách. Tento fakt predstavuje zvýšené riziko pre ekosystémy.In the paper the soil hygiene status was evaluated considering the Cd content in selected soil types according to the areal survey of agricultural soil contamination by heavy metals. The total Cd content and its content in eluates 2M HNO3, 0,05M EDTA and 0,01M CaCl2 were determined from soil samples taken from three depth levels. Achieved data were compared to alloved limit values.The cnock – down colums in model kinetic conditions were used for observation of Cd sorption. The Cd content were determined in extraction solutions 2M HNO3, 0,05M EDTA and 0,01M CaCl2 by atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. The Cd compounds in majority of tested soils are bounded in light released forms. This fact presents enhanced risk for ecosystems

The content of polyphenols and antioxidant activity in leaves and flowers of wild garlic (Allium ursinum L.)

Wild garlic (Allium ursinum L.) is a wildly growing plant that grows in forests and next to the streams. It has a specific aroma and taste resembling garlic. Wild garlic is increasingly favoured in gastronomy, food industry, and modern food technologies. The aim of this study was to analyse the dynamics of changes in total polyphenols content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AOA) in wild garlic leaves and flowers during the vegetation period (from April to June). The samples of plant material were collected from the area of Bratislava – Železná studienka. The samples of fresh leaves and flowers were homogenized and a methanolic extract was prepared. These extracts were used for analyses. Total polyphenol content in the samples ranged from 726±10 mg GAE/kg FW to 14.1×102±13 mg GAE/kg FW. The values of antioxidant activity were from 10.7±1.57 to 25.9±1.06% inhibition FW

Bioactive components of onion (Allium cepa L.) — a Review

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is the second most important garden crop in the world after tomatoes. It has great nutritive value thanks to the content of physiologically effective compounds which exert protective (chemoprotective) effect on human health. Experimental studies have shown that the consumption of onion reduces blood pressure, stimulate haematopoiesis, heals heart and blood vessels, helps in treatment of asthma, and protects against some types of cancer. Onion is a versatile and strong antioxidant that quenches free radicals in the human organism. It is a rich source of phenolic substances, especially quercetin and its glycosides, phenolic acids, sulphur compounds (allicin), vitamins, and minerals

Bioactive compounds in different plant parts of various buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) cultivars

In this study the content of total polyphenolics, rutin, and antioxidant activity in different anatomical parts of common buckwheat plants (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) of six cultivars (Spacinska, Emka, Kasho, Jana C1 and Hrusowska) was analyzed. Antioxidant activity in plant material was determined by free radical DPPH. Highest antioxidant activity was assessed in leaves, whereas stems had the lowest antioxidant activity. Total polyphenol content was assessed spectrophotometrically by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The highest concentrations were detected in leaves, with values ranging from 68.74 to 90.27 g gallic acid equivalents kg−1, while the lowest concentrations were measured in stems (2.88–3.12 g.kg−1). Significant differences between the anatomical parts were confirmed also for rutin content with the exception of cultivars Kasho and Jana C1, where the rutin content in stem and seeds was not statistically different. The highest concentration of rutin (37.90 g.kg−1) was determined in leaves of cultivar Pyra