D3.2: scoping reviews including multi-level model of research cultures and research conduct

As part of the SOPs4RI project, a comprehensive literature search was conducted to explore all relevantknowledge that may contribute to the aim of the project. This scoping review focuses on the experiences of RPOs and RFOs in the implementation of standard operating procedures (SOPs), guidelines, and codes for the promotion of RI. It provides information about what contributes to the implementation of the RI practices, what the benefits are of these practices, and which factors may incentivise research misconduct.Horizon 2020(H2020)824481Merit, Expertise and Measuremen

D3.2: scoping reviews including multi-level model of research cultures and research conduct

As part of the SOPs4RI project, a comprehensive literature search was conducted to explore all relevantknowledge that may contribute to the aim of the project. This scoping review focuses on the experiences of RPOs and RFOs in the implementation of standard operating procedures (SOPs), guidelines, and codes for the promotion of RI. It provides information about what contributes to the implementation of the RI practices, what the benefits are of these practices, and which factors may incentivise research misconduct.</p

Global baryon number conservation encoded in net-proton fluctuations measured in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV

Experimental results are presented on event-by-event net-proton fluctuation measurements in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV, recorded by the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC. These measurements have as their ultimate goal an experimental test of Lattice QCD (LQCD) predictions on second and higher order cumulants of net-baryon distributions to search for critical behavior near the QCD phase boundary. Before confronting them with LQCD predictions, account has to be taken of correlations stemming from baryon number conservation as well as fluctuations of participating nucleons. Both effects influence the experimental measurements and are usually not considered in theoretical calculations. For the first time, it is shown that event-by-event baryon number conservation leads to subtle long-range correlations arising from very early interactions in the collisions

Recoil imaging for directional detection of dark matter, neutrinos, and physics beyond the Standard Model

Recoil imaging entails the detection of spatially resolved ionization tracks generated by particle interactions. This is a highly sought-after capability in many classes of detector, with broad applications across particle and astroparticle physics. However, at low energies, where ionization signatures are small in size, recoil imaging only seems to be a practical goal for micro-pattern gas detectors. This white paper outlines the physics case for recoil imaging, and puts forward a decadal plan to advance towards the directional detection of low-energy recoils with sensitivity and resolution close to fundamental performance limits. The science case covered includes: the discovery of dark matter into the neutrino fog, directional detection of sub-MeV solar neutrinos, the precision study of coherent-elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering, the detection of solar axions, the measurement of the Migdal effect, X-ray polarimetry, and several other applied physics goals. We also outline the R&D programs necessary to test concepts that are crucial to advance detector performance towards their fundamental limit: single primary electron sensitivity with full 3D spatial resolution at the $\sim$100 micron-scale. These advancements include: the use of negative ion drift, electron counting with high-definition electronic readout, time projection chambers with optical readout, and the possibility for nuclear recoil tracking in high-density gases such as argon. We also discuss the readout and electronics systems needed to scale-up such detectors to the ton-scale and beyond.Comment: 77 pages, 20 figures. Submitted to the Proceedings of the US Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021