Obesity and Contraception

All sexually active youth, whether obese or normal weight, should be offered counseling regarding contraception and appropriate contraceptive methods. However, obese youth who are sexually active may be less likely than their normal weight peers to use contraceptives correctly. Methods of contraception for obese adolescents are reviewed in this discussion. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and the contraceptive patch have higher failure rates in obese versus normal weight females, though failure rates are lower than noted with barrier contraceptives. The risk for venous thrombosis is higher in obese youth on COCs. Progestin-only pills and the levonorgestrel intrauterine system appear to be safe and effective methods in obese females. Depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate, intravaginal ring, and implants are also considered

Concepts of Contraception for Adolescents with Obesity: Pathways of Judicial Moderation

All sexually active youth, whether obese or normal weight, should be offered counseling regarding contraception and appropriate contraceptive methods. However, obese youth who are sexually active may be less likely than their normal weight peers to use contraceptives correctly. Methods of contraception for obese adolescents are reviewed in this discussion. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and the contraceptive patch have higher failure rates in obese versus normal weight females, though failure rates are lower than noted with barrier contraceptives. The risk for venous thrombosis is higher in obese youth on COCs. Progestin-only pills and the levonorgestrel intrauterine system appear to be safe and effective methods in obese females. Depotmedroxyprogesterone acetate, intravaginal ring, and implants are also considered

Breast Disorders in Children and Adolescents

Concerns about problems of the breast are often noted in adolescents and their parents. This review discusses issues and disorders of the breast in children and adolescents, starting with basic principles of embryology and adolescent breast development. Concepts that are covered include congenital breast disorders, abnormal timing of breast development, breast asymmetry, underdeveloped breasts, breast atrophy, tuberous breasts, mammary hyperplasia, fibroadenoma, giant fibroadenoma, cystosarcoma phyllodes, intraductal breast papilloma, adenocarcinoma, mastitis, traumatic breast disorders, benign breast disease, fibrocystic change, mastalgia, gynocomastia, and galactorrhea. A number of figures are provided illustrating breast pathology. Clinicians caring for children and adolescents are encouraged to provide careful assessments of this important organ system

Obesity and Contraception

All sexually active youth, whether obese or normal weight, should be offered counseling regarding contraception and appropriate contraceptive methods. However, obese youth who are sexually active may be less likely than their normal weight peers to use contraceptives correctly. Methods of contraception for obese adolescents are reviewed in this discussion. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and the contraceptive patch have higher failure rates in obese versus normal weight females, though failure rates are lower than noted with barrier contraceptives. The risk for venous thrombosis is higher in obese youth on COCs. Progestin-only pills and the levonorgestrel intrauterine system appear to be safe and effective methods in obese females. Depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate, intravaginal ring, and implants are also considered

Contraception

Contraception is an important concept for sexually active adolescent females to understand who do not wish to become pregnant. This chapter reviews important, effective, and safe contraceptive methods that can be used by female youth. These methods include abstinence, oral contraception, contraceptive patch. mini-pills, emergency contraceptives, injectable contraception (DMPA), implants (lmplanon), intravaginal ring, vaginal barrier contraceptives, intrauterine devices, and natural family planning. Promotion of sexual responsibility should be the charge of health professionals caring for adolescents and young adults

Dynamic adsorption of Rhodamine B from dilute aqueous solutions using negatively-charged membrane adsorbers

A series of polyethersulfone membranes with integrated cross-linked poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid) were synthesized using a combination of the traditional immersion precipitation process for making membranes and photopolymerization. Negative charges were introduced using AMPS as a reactive monomer. Presence of sulfonic groups was confirmed by FTIR-ATR spectra. Changes in membrane morphology as a function of AMPS concentration in the casting solution were investigated by SEM. Membrane charge was evaluated from streaming potential measurements using a specially constructed device. Dynamic adsorption of Rhodamine B was used to demonstrate effects of monomer concentration on the properties and separation performance

A New Millennium: A New Age of Behavioral Disorders?

The internet has become one of the most widely accessible media and is a significant part of everyday life in adolescence, offering opportunities for social networking and communication, education and entertainment. However, over the past decade a specific behavioral pattern has been researched in respect to Internet use, leading to isolation and neglect of everyday activities, social life –even personal health in general. The phenomenon has received increasing attention from the scientific community, describing it in various terms such as “excessive”, “problematic”, “pathological”, “addictive” use among others. European research on Internet addictive behavior have been conducted in the past years giving various results, however tools that have been used are not validated, ages that have been studied vary a lot and cultural factors have not been taken under full consideration. The EU Kids Online project notes several key gaps in the evidence base of research on Internet safety issues for children and young people. Internet addictive behavior is one of the risks identified as little researched in Europe. According to the latest EU Kids Online report, further research on teenagers is needed as they continue to take the lead in the depth and breadth of Internet use. Specifically, additional indicators are needed by which to identify particularly “vulnerable” or “at risk” children