Comparative analysis of the binding of thiacalix[4]arene-monocrown-ethers with monovalent metal salts using MALDI mass spectrometry

© 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.MALDI mass spectrometry is used for the first time for the rapid assessment of the binding of thiacalix[4]arene-monocrown-ethers with metal cations (Li, Na, K, Cs, Cu, Ag). The work is performed on examples of thiacalix[4]arene-monocrown-ethers in 1,3-alternate conformation with various numbers (m) of ethylene oxide units and various substituents in phenol groups. It is shown that thiacalix[4]arene-monocrown- ethers with m = 3, 4, 5, and 6 bind lithium, sodium, potassium, and cesium cations, respectively; in addition, the binding of cesium cations is stronger in the presence of aromatic substituents in the lower rim of thiacalix[4]arene-monocrown-ethers. Silver cations bind with calixarenes under study more intensely than copper ions. When aromatic substituents are present, the binding of silver cations is stronger than that of alkali metal ions with the studied thiacalix[4]arene-monocrown-ethers

Tularemia Outbreak among the Population of Khanty-Mansiisk and the Khanty-Mansiisk Region, Occurred in 2013

Natural tularemia foci in the territory of the Khanty-Mansiisk Autonomous District - Yugra are still active and sustainable ones despite of the extended periods of epidemiological welfare. Agent reservoir is the water vole. However, recently tularemia agent has been detected in the northern red-backed vole and common red-toothed shrew. Khanty-Mansiisk town, Berezovsky, Khanty-Mansiisk, Kondinsky, and Oktyabr’sky Regions are situated in the territory of the most active foci. Serious outbreaks of infection among the population occur with an interval up to 30 years. Their transmissibility preconditions the scale and intensiveness. All cohorts are under the risk of exposure, irrespective of the age and occupation, including the infants. The paper discusses tularemia outbreak impact on the population of Khanty-Mansiisk and the Khanty-Mansiisk Region in July-October, 2013. Casualty toll is 1005 cases. Given is a brief retrospective analysis of epidemiological situation on tularemia since 1930-s up to the onset of the outbreak under investigation. Described is the experience in management of the response activities

Clinical case of hereditary hemochromatosis

The article presents a clinical case demonstrating the difficulties of timely diagnosis of hereditary hemochromatosis, presents data on modern diagnosis and approaches to the treatment of the disease according to existing clinical guidelines. The described clinical case of hereditary hemochromatosis is associated with a homozygous mutation of C282Y in HFE gene in a 58-year-old patient and his twin brother. Initially, signs of iron deposition in the liver were found on MRI of the abdominal cavity. In laboratory analyses, the patient was found to have an increased level of serum iron - 40 µmol/l and ferritin - 1340 ng/ml. Subsequently, the investigation of HFE gene mutations was carried out and a mutation of C282Y in homozygous form (genotype A/A) was found, which is a molecular genetic confirmation of hereditary hemochromatosis of type 1. At the same time, the patient's twin brother at the targeted examination had the serum iron level of 36 µmol/l, the ferritin level of 600 ng/ml, and also the mutation of HFE gene, the allelic variant of A/A. The results of liver fibroelastometry of the patient correlate with the degree of fibrosis F1 by Metavir scale. Timely started therapeutic phlebotomies led to improved clinical and laboratory parameters of iron metabolism while maintaining normal levels of red blood cells and hemoglobin

НЕПРОНИКАЮЩАЯ ГЛУБОКАЯ СКЛЕРЭКТОМИЯ И ИМПЛАНТАЦИЯ ДРЕНАЖА EX-PRESS R-50 В ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОМ ЛЕЧЕНИИ ГЛАУКОМЫ

PURPOSE: Analysis of the mediumand long-term results of the mini-shunt Ex-Press implantation in glaucoma surgical treatment.METHODS: Non-penetrating deep sclerectomy with the mini-shunt Ex-PRESS R-50 implantation was performed in 198 eyes of 177 patients with uncontrolled and/or refractory glaucoma between 2011 and 2014. Exclusion criteria for patients: signs of neovascularisation, close-angle or congenital glaucoma, previous ophthalmologic surgeries during the last 6 months, the need for simultaneous combined cataract and glaucoma surgery. The study included 161 patients (176 eyes). A review of the patients’ anamnesis revealed a history of previous glaucoma surgical procedures in 126 (77.6%) patients, cataract phacoemulsification with IOL implantation in 108 (67%) patients and vitrectomy in 43 (26.7%) cases. All surgical interventions were undertaken within a period of more than 6 months before the present study. A standard ophthalmologic examination was performed in all patients prior to surgery and on days 1 and 7, as well as 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months after the drainage implantation. In a number of patients, examinations were also performed 48 (n=44, 27.3%) and 60 (n=21, 13%) months after the operation. In addition, patients were divided into group I («phakic» glaucoma, n=53; 32.9%) and group II (pseudophakic glaucoma, n=108; 78.3%)RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 43.7±2.9 months. The mean age of patients at the time of surgery was 72.4 ± 9.6 years, with 63 (39.1%) male and 98 (60.9%) female patients. IOP decrease compared to preoperative values of 32.3±8.7 mmHg amounted to 6.2±7.7 mm Hg after 1 week, 11.9±5.8 mm Hg after 1 month, 12.5±4.0 mm Hg after 2 months, 12.7±4.8 mm Hg after 3 months, 12.1±4.5 mm Hg after 6 months, 11.7±4.2 mm Hg after 12 months, 12.9±5.1 mm Hg 18 months after surgery. At the follow-up period of 24 months, the IOP decreased to 15.3±6.6 mm Hg, and at follow-ups of 36 months to 17.5±6.8 mm Hg (45.8%). In 44 (27.3%) patients 48 months later, the IOP level exceeded the compensation level with average values of 22.4±8.0 mm Hg. In 60 months after the operation 21 (13%) patients had a mean IOP level of 26.1±8.2 mm Hg. A statistically insignificant change in BCVA from 0.61±0.25 in the preoperative period to 0.57±0.31 during the last examination was observed (p>0.1). There was a significant decrease in the number of glaucoma instillations with the average numbers of 0.55±1.1 and 0.89±1.2 24 and 36 months after the surgery respectively, compared to 2.7±0.9 prior to the surgery (p=0.002 and p=0.01). In all the investigated cases, a daily massage of the filtration zone was performed during the postoperative period. In 94 (58.4%) patients, the IAG laser procedure was performed on the shunt at various postoperative times. Postoperative complications included a transient hypotension in the early (10-14 days) postoperative period, Seidel’s symptom and bleb encapsulation, which required additional intervention. At the maximum follow-up period of 36 months, somewhat better results were obtained in group II (mean IOP 15.9±4.2 mm Hg vs. 17.3±4.4 mm Hg in group I, p>0.1). Similar differences were obtained for the number of glaucoma drugs taken (0.81±0.9 in group II against 0.97±1.1 in group I, p>0.1). Larger differences were obtained for BCVA during the long-term follow-up period (0.62±0.26 in group II versus 0.38±0.21 in group I, 0.05<p<0.1).CONCLUSION: Ex-PRESS mini-shunt implantation is indicated in patients with refractory glaucoma when with previous interventions and maximum antihypertention regimen proved insufficient to compensate intraocular pressure level. Relative simplicity of the implantation technique, a small percentage of complications and a high efficiency in the medium term observation period make it possible to recommend the use of this device for wide ophthalmic surgical practice. Optimal results are possible with the implantation of a mini-shunt under the superficial scleral flap and a special mode of postoperative management of the patient, which allows to maintain the functioning of the shunt and to provide a tolerant intraocular pressure. Implantation of the mini-shunt Ex-PRESS R-50 in patients with pseudophakia results in slightly better but statistically insignificant functional results, however, due to the reduction in the effect in long-term (up to 5 years) follow-up, this surgical intervention is not an operation of first choice for this group of patients.ЦЕЛЬ. Анализ среднеи долгосрочных результатов имплантации мини-шунта Ex-PRESS в лечении глаукомы.МЕТОДЫ. Непроникающая глубокая склерэктомия с имплантацией мини-шунта Ex-PRESS R-50 проведена на 198 глазах 177 пациентов с неконтролируемой и/или рефрактерной к медикаментозной терапии глаукомой в период с 2011 по 2014 гг. Критерии исключения пациентов: наличие неоваскулярной, закрытоугольной или врожденной глаукомы, предшествующие офтальмологические оперативные вмешательства в течение последних 6 месяцев, необходимость одномоментной комбинированной хирургии катаракты и глаукомы. В исследование включен 161 пациент (176 глаз). В анамнезе у 126 (77,6%) пациентов отмечено проведение других антиглаукомных хирургических вмешательств, у 108 (67%) пациентов была выполнена факоэмульсификация катаракты с имплантацией ИОЛ, 43 (26,7%) пациентам проведена витрэктомия, при этом все хирургические вмешательства были выполнены в сроки более 6 месяцев перед настоящим исследованием. Стандартное плановое офтальмологическое обследование всем пациентам выполняли до хирургического вмешательства и в сроки 1 день, 7 дней, 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 и 36 месяцев после имплантации дренажа. У части пациентов осмотры проводили также в 48 (n=44; 27,3%) и 60 (n=21; 13%) месяцев после операции. Дополнительно проведено разделение пациентов на группу 1 («факичная» глаукома; n=53; 32,9%) и группу 2 (артифакичная глаукома; n=108; 78,3%).РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Средний период наблюдения составил 43,7±2,9 месяцев. Средний возраст пациентов на момент хирургического вмешательства 72,4±9,6 года, из них 63 (39,1%) мужчины и 98 (60,9%) женщин. Отмечено снижение внутриглазного давления (ВГД) по сравнению с дооперационными значениями 32,3±8,7 до 6,2±7,7 мм рт.ст. через 1 неделю, 11,9±5,8 мм рт.ст. через 1 месяц, 12,5±4,0 — через 2 месяца, 12,7±4,8 — через 3 месяца, 12,1±4,5 — через 6 месяцев, 11,7±4,2 — через 12 месяцев, 12,9±5,1 мм рт.ст. через 18 месяцев после хирургического вмешательства

Специальный вариант метода коллокации для одного классаинтегральных уравненийтретьегорода, основанный на интерполяционных полиномах Эрмита–Фейера

In this document we propose and justify special direct method for the approximate solution of equations of the third kind in the space of distributionsВ статье предложен и обоснован специальный прямой метод приближенного решения уравнений третьего рода в пространстве обобщенных функци

A Special Variant of the Moment Method for Fredholm Integral Equations of the Second Kind

We consider the linear Fredholm integral equation of the second kind, where the kernel and the free term are smooth functions. We find the unknown function in this class as well.Exact and approximate methods for the solution of linear Fredholm integral equations of the second kind are well developed. However, classical methods do not take into account the structural properties of the kernel and the free term of equation.In this paper we develop and justify a special variant of the moment method to solve this equation, which takes into account the differential properties of initial data. The proposed paper furthers studies of N.S Gabbasov, I.P. Kasakina, and S.A Solov’eva. We use approximation theory, version of the general theory of approximate methods of analysis that Gabdulkhayev B.G suggested, and methods of functional analysis to prove theorems. In addition, we use N.S. Gabbasov’s ideas and methods in papers that are devoted to the Fredholm equations of the first kind, as well as N.S. Gabbasov and S.A Solov’eva’s investigations on the Fredholm equations of the third kind in the space of distributions.The first part of the paper provides a description of the basic function space and elements of the theory of approximation in it.In the second part we propose and theoretically justify a generalized moment method. We have demonstrated that the improvement of differential properties of the initial data improves the approximation accuracy. Since, in practice, the approximate equations are solved, as a rule, only approximately, we prove the stability and causality of the proposed method. The resulting estimate of the paper is in good agreement with the estimate for the ordinary moment method for equations of the second kind in the space of continuous functions.In the final section we have shown that a developed method is optimal in order of accuracy among all polynomial projection methods to solve Fredholm integral equations of the second kind in the space of smooth functions.We recommend using a developed method in case when the initial data are continuously differentiable functions, and moreover, the accuracy of the approximate solution is necessary to estimate by the norm of the space of smooth functions.Similarly, we can develop other polynomial and spline methods for the approximate solution.</p

Специальный вариант метода коллокации для одного классаинтегральных уравненийтретьегорода, основанный на интерполяционных полиномах Эрмита–Фейера

In this document we propose and justify special direct method for the approximate solution of equations of the third kind in the space of distributionsВ статье предложен и обоснован специальный прямой метод приближенного решения уравнений третьего рода в пространстве обобщенных функци

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE LIVER AND SPLEEN IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF STORAGE DISEASES (literature review)

Storage diseases (thesaurismosis, storage reticuloses) are the complex and extensive group of diseases in which differential diagnosis of pathological changes from the internal organs is difficult. For diagnosis and dynamic observation of liver and spleen lesions, ultrasound and X-ray computed tomography are used among imaging techniques. Among the imaging techniques for diffuse liver diseases, ultrasonography and X-ray computed tomography are most commonly used for their diagnosis and follow-up. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the highest sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing liver diseases.The article considers the current MRI procedures that are used to diagnose storage diseases and to quantify found changes. For Gaucher disease, the potentials of such novel technique as magnetic resonance spectroscopy are described. Incorporation of MRI into the examination algorithm for patients with storage diseases will be able to improve the detection of these rare diseases and to monitor the efficiency of performed therapy