Penghidupan Berkelanjutan Masyarakat Pesisir Di Kampung Tobati dan Kayo Pulau Kota Jayapura

Abstrak  Di pesisir Kota Jayapura trend  kemiskinan terkait dengan berbagai sebab terutama kerusakan lingkungan atau degradasi sumberdaya alam. Kemiskinan dan kerusakan sumberdaya saling memperparah dan mengancam keberlanjutan proses pembangunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mengkaji kondisi eksisting aset penghidupan yang dimiliki masyarakat, (2) Mengkaji status aset penghidupan dan (3) Menentukan Strategi penghidupan berkelanjutan masyarakat yang tinggal di wilayah pesisir Kota Jayapura. Ada dua unit analisis dalam penelitian ini : (1) Tingkat Makro miskin - kampung pantai/pesisir, dan (2) tingkat Mikro adalah rumah tangga miskin pesisir. Data primer dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner, observasi, wawancara mendalam dan focus group discussion (FGD). Analisis kondisi eksisting sumberberdaya penghidupan dengan pendekatan studi literature dan dilaksanakan melalui kegiatan mengumpulkan kriteria dan indikator aset penghidupan di kampung Kayo pulau dan Tobati berdasarkan studi literatur. Analisis dilakukan secara kualitatif, skala likert tiga strata yang diperoleh dari data sekunder dan setiap item jawaban responden dilakukan untuk mengetahui status aset penghidupan. Tingkat penghidupan masyarakat di kampung kayo pulau tergolong tidak berkelanjutan. Sedangkan Tingkat penghidupan masyarakat di kampung Tobati tergolong belum berkelanjutan.   Kata Kunci: aset,penghidupan/livelihood, degradas

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PAKAN YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BENIH IKAN LELE SANGKURIANG (Clarias gariepinus var) DI DALAM WADAH TERKONTROL

Quality feed with the right nutrient content can accelerate the process of fish growth so that the need for a very large feed operating costs between 60-70% can be anticipated. This study aims to determine the effect of commercial, natural and artificial feed on the absolute growth of weight and survival rate of Sangkuriang catfish (Clarias gariepinus var). The study was conducted for 49 days with 20 catfish seedlings in 12 containers of 40 x 20 cm jars with 4 liters of water volume capacity. Experimental design with 4 treatments and 3 repetitions times Hi-Pro-Vite 788 feed, silkworm (Tubifex sp.), tempe and tofu dregs. Measurement of seed weight every seven days and also measured water quality parameters. The results showed that the average growth of absolute seed weight of sangkuriang catfish with feeding of silkworm has the highest value of 4.54 grams and the lowest tempe feed is 3.84 grams. While the highest survival rate (SR) of catfish seed in silkworm feed was 93.3% and tempe feed was 75%. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the feed treatment of Hi-Pro-Vite 788, the silkworm, tempe and tofu dregs significantly influence the growth of absolute weight and survival rate (SR) of Sangkuriang catfish seeds.  Keywords: fish feed, sangkuriang catfish seed, absolute growth weight, survival rat

Flecainide overdose – support using an intra-aortic balloon pump

BACKGROUND: Flecainide is an antiarrhythmic agent which is being used increasingly for the management of super-ventricular arrhythmias. Overdose with flecainide is frequently fatal with mortality reported as high as 22% due to arrhythmias, myocardial depression and conduction defects leading to electro-mechanical dissociation and asytole. Supportive measures are often required during the case and previously have included inotropes, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and cardiopulmonary bypass. CASE PRESENTATION: A 47 year old lady presented to the emergency department with a four hour history of severe central chest pain. Her ECG showed atrial fibrillation and broad QRS complexes with a sine wave appearance. She had a past history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and significant psychiatric history. Following thrombolysis for a presumed myocardial infarction she developed cardiogenic shock with severely impaired left ventricular function. An intra-aortic balloon pump was inserted and coronary angiography demonstrated normal coronary arteries. With inotropic support she improved over 48 hours, with both her QRS duration and left ventricular function returning to normal. Biochemical testing following her discharge demonstrated significantly elevated levels of flecainide. CONCLUSION: The use of an intra-aortic balloon pump is a useful supportive measure during the acute phase of flecainide overdose associated with severe myocardial depression

Celastrol attenuates angiotensin II-induced cardiac remodeling by targeting STAT3

RATIONALE: Excessive Ang II (angiotensin II) levels lead to a profibrotic and hypertrophic milieu that produces deleterious remodeling and dysfunction in hypertension-associated heart failure. Agents that disrupt Ang II-induced cardiac dysfunction may have clinical utility in the treatment of hypertension-associated heart failure. OBJECTIVE: We have examined the potential effect of celastrol-a bioactive compound derived from the Celastraceae family-on Ang II-induced cardiac dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS: In rat primary cardiomyocytes and H9C2 (rat cardiomyocyte-like H9C2) cells, celastrol attenuates Ang I-induced cellular hypertrophy and fibrotic responses. Proteome microarrays, surface plasmon resonance, competitive binding assays, and molecular simulation were used to identify the molecular target of celastrol. Our data showed that celastrol directly binds to and inhibits STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription)-3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. Functional tests demonstrated that the protection of celastrol is afforded through targeting STAT3. Overexpression of STAT3 dampens the effect of celastrol by partially rescuing STAT3 activity. Finally, we investigated the in vivo effect of celastrol treatment in mice challenged with Ang II and in the transverse aortic constriction model. We show that celastrol administration protected heart function in Ang II-challenged and transverse aortic constriction-challenged mice by inhibiting cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy CONCLUSIONS: Our studies show that celastrol inhibits Ang II-induced cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting STAT3 activity

Aerosol exposure of live bird market workers to viable influenza A/H5N1 and A/H9N2 viruses, Cambodia

Live bird markets (LBMs) have been identified as key factors in the spread, persistence and evolution of avian influenza viruses (AIVs). In addition, these settings have been associated with human infections with AIVs of pandemic concern. Exposure to aerosolised AIVs by workers in a Cambodian LBM was assessed using aerosol impact samplers. LBM vendors were asked to wear an air sampler for 30 min per day for 1 week while continuing their usual activities in the LBM during a period of high AIV circulation (February) and a period of low circulation (May). During the period of high circulation, AIV RNA was detected from 100% of the air samplers using molecular methods and viable AIV (A/H5N1 and/or A/H9N2) was isolated from 50% of air samplers following inoculation into embryonated chicken eggs. In contrast, AIV was not detected by molecular methods or successfully isolated during the period of low circulation. This study demonstrates the increased risk of aerosol exposure of LBM workers to AIVs during periods of high circulation and highlights the need for interventions during these high-risk periods. Novel approaches, such as environmental sampling, should be further explored at key high-risk interfaces as a potentially cost-effective alternative for monitoring pandemic threats

Electrocardiographic changes in a rare case of flecainide poisoning: a case report

Flecainide is a class Ic anti - arrhythmic drug with sodium channel blocking activities. We report a case of a 57 year - old woman who attempted a suicide by ingesting approximately 1,8 gr of flecainide. On the surface electrocardiogram this results in a large QRS complex and in prolongation of the QTc interval. Overdose with a class Ic drug is very uncommon, its management is difficult and the mortality high

Activation of the B cell receptor leads to increased membrane proximity of the Igα cytoplasmic domain.

Binding of antigen to the B cell receptor (BCR) induces conformational changes in BCR's cytoplasmic domains that are concomitant with phosphorylation of the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs). Recently, reversible folding of the CD3ε and ξ chain ITAMs into the plasma membrane has been suggested to regulate T cell receptor signaling. Here we show that the Igα and Igβ cytoplasmic domains of the BCR do not associate with plasma membrane in resting B cells. However, antigen binding and ITAM phosphorylation specifically increased membrane proximity of Igα, but not Igβ. Thus, BCR activation is accompanied by asymmetric conformational changes, possibly promoting the binding of Igα and Igβ to differently localized signaling complexes

Peptide substrate identification for yeast Hsp40 Ydj1 by screening the phage display library

We have identified a peptide substrate for molecular chaperone Hsp40 Ydj1 by utilizing the combination of phage display library screening and isothemol titration calirimetry (ITC). The initial peptide substrate screening for Hsp40 Ydj1 has been carried out by utilizing a 7-mer phage display library. The peptide sequences from the bio-panning were synthesized and object to the direct affinity measurement for Hsp40 Ydj1 by isothemol titration calirimetry studies. The peptide which has the measurable affinity with Ydj1 shows enriched hydrophobic residues in the middle of the substrate fragment. The peptide substrate specificity for molecular chaperone Hsp40 has been analyzed

Embryonic Morphogen Nodal Promotes Breast Cancer Growth and Progression

Breast cancers expressing human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-associated genes are more likely to progress than well-differentiated cancers and are thus associated with poor patient prognosis. Elevated proliferation and evasion of growth control are similarly associated with disease progression, and are classical hallmarks of cancer. In the current study we demonstrate that the hESC-associated factor Nodal promotes breast cancer growth. Specifically, we show that Nodal is elevated in aggressive MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468 and Hs578t human breast cancer cell lines, compared to poorly aggressive MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines. Nodal knockdown in aggressive breast cancer cells via shRNA reduces tumour incidence and significantly blunts tumour growth at primary sites. In vitro, using Trypan Blue exclusion assays, Western blot analysis of phosphorylated histone H3 and cleaved caspase-9, and real time RT-PCR analysis of BAX and BCL2 gene expression, we demonstrate that Nodal promotes expansion of breast cancer cells, likely via a combinatorial mechanism involving increased proliferation and decreased apopotosis. In an experimental model of metastasis using beta-glucuronidase (GUSB)-deficient NOD/SCID/mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (MPSVII) mice, we show that although Nodal is not required for the formation of small (\u3c100 cells) micrometastases at secondary sites, it supports an elevated proliferation:apoptosis ratio (Ki67:TUNEL) in micrometastatic lesions. Indeed, at longer time points (8 weeks), we determined that Nodal is necessary for the subsequent development of macrometastatic lesions. Our findings demonstrate that Nodal supports tumour growth at primary and secondary sites by increasing the ratio of proliferation:apoptosis in breast cancer cells. As Nodal expression is relatively limited to embryonic systems and cancer, this study establishes Nodal as a potential tumour-specific target for the treatment of breast cancer. © 2012 Quail et al