Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use Disorder Co-occurrence in Female Veterans

Female veterans often experience trauma, develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suffer from a substance use disorder (SUD). Females experience these disorders more than males and veterans experience them more than civilian populations. Being a female veteran give both disorders a different appearance. Relationships, negative health outcomes, and barriers to treatment all contribute to the problem. By analyzing the current literature, it becomes clear that the field would benefit from specific research into the female veteran with co-occurring PTSD and SUD population

Vitamin B12 Regulation of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Synthesis

Low-grade, chronic inflammation is associated with a range of diet and age-related disorders, including diabetes, arthritis, and cognitive deficits. Inflammatory cells have the capacity to synthesize complex Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) called specialized pro-resolution mediators (SPMs) that regulate the extent and duration of inflammatory responses. Humans have a limited capacity to synthesize SMPs, especially as we age, due to decreased expression of the elongase and desaturase enzymes required in their conversion from dietary PUFAs. It was recently shown that vitamin B12, an essential micronutrient, enhances the cognitive benefits of dietary n-3 PUFAs. It is hypothesized that B12 will increase macrophage SPM synthesis and subdue pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Results indicate that vitamin B12 did not significantly regulate or influence gene expression associated with the pro-inflammatory response, but it did seem to enhance the expression of neuroprotective genes

Weed control in soybeans

The Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311

Resection in the popliteal fossa for metastatic melanoma

BACKGROUND: Traditionally metastatic melanoma of the distal leg and the foot metastasize to the lymph nodes of the groin. Sometimes the first site of nodal disease can be the popliteal fossa. This is an infrequent event, with rare reports in literature and when it occurs, radical popliteal node dissection must be performed. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of a 36-year old man presented with diagnosis of 2 mm thick, Clark's level II-III, non ulcerated melanoma of the left heel, which developed during the course of the disease popliteal node metastases, after a superficial and deep groin dissection for inguinal node involvement. Five months after popliteal lymph node dissection he developed systemic disease, therefore he received nine cycles of dacarbazine plus fotemustine. To date (56 months after prior surgery and 11 months after chemotherapy) he is alive with no evidence of disease. CONCLUSION: In case of groin metastases from melanoma of distal lower extremities, clinical and ultrasound examination of ipsilateral popliteal fossa is essential. When metastatic disease is found, radical popliteal dissection is the standard of care. Therefore knowledge of anatomy and surgical technique about popliteal lymphadenectomy are required to make preservation of structures that if injured, can produce a permanent, considerable disability

Test methods and influential factors for analysis of bonding between bituminous pavement layers

The durability and maintenance of pavements depend on several factors. One of the most influential is the bond between layers. This bond is responsible for ensuring all layers behave as a single entity, reducing cracks and deformation of the pavement. Several methods, developed by different authors over the past 30 years, to measure bonding between layers are analyzed in this paper. Different research lines are discussed, concluding that the most influential variables are: tack coat type, dosage, mixture type, surface characteristics, temperature, and emulsion breaking time. In order to reach the highest bond strength values, the following factors should be considered: high values of surface macro-texture, low temperatures, the use of heat-adhesive emulsion, a dosage from 300 to 450 g/m2 of residual bitumen and the compaction after emulsion break. Moreover, a non-destructive test method to assess tack coat dosage on site is proposed