Ion implantation damage of silicon as observed by optical reflection spectroscopy in the 1 to 6 eV region

Optical reflection spectra of crystalline, sputtered, and ion implanted silicon specimens are presented. Characteristic aspects of the spectra of ion implanted specimens are related to lattice damage

Inflectional loci of scrolls

Let $X\subset \mathbb P^N$ be a scroll over a smooth curve $C$ and let \L=\mathcal O_{\mathbb P^N}(1)|_X denote the hyperplane bundle. The special geometry of $X$ implies that some sheaves related to the principal part bundles of \L are locally free. The inflectional loci of $X$ can be expressed in terms of these sheaves, leading to explicit formulas for the cohomology classes of the loci. The formulas imply that the only uninflected scrolls are the balanced rational normal scrolls.Comment: 9 pages, improved version. Accepted in Mathematische Zeitschrif

Optical Reflection Studies of Damage in Ion Implanted Silicon

Optical (3–6.5 eV) reflection spectra are presented for crystalline Si implanted at room temperature with 40 keV Sb ions to doses of less than 2×10^15/cm^2. These spectra, and their deviation from the reflection spectrum of crystalline Si, are discussed in terms of a model based on the average dielectric properties of the implanted region. For samples having a high ion dose (>10^15/cm^2) the observed spectra resemble the spectra of sputtered Si films. Anneal characteristics of the reflection spectra are found to be dose dependent. These observations are compared to, and found to substantiate, the results of other experimental techniques for studying lattice damage in Si

Diagnostic Games, a Tool for Clinical Experience Formalization in Interactive “Physician – IT-specialist ” Framework

The specific characteristics of data processing in clinical decision problems require special approaches. This was the insight that made Izrail Gelfand and his colleagues look for new methods of formalization that would allow to discover the intrinsic structures in clinical data. A special technique for collaborative work of IT specialists and physicians named “diagnostic games ” (DG) was developed for this purpose. This approach including the DG and related ideas of an “adequate language ” and “structural units ” is presented in this paper. The preliminary setting of clinical decision problem of surgical timing in patients with ruptured subarachnoid aneurysm is introduced as a subject for further formalization

Динамика энергоструктурной активности при ингаляционной анестезии

Цель. Улучшение результатов лечения больных путем придания периоперационному обеспечению ингаляционной анестезии севофлураном энергопротективной направленности. Материалы и методы. У пациентов с острой патологией органов брюшной полости проведен аудит энергоструктурной активности во время ингаляционной анестезии севофлураном. В группе сравнения использовали общепринятый протокол, в основной – с применением органопротективных технологий. Определяли клинические индексы опасности (КИО), безопасности (КИБ), кардиальный резерв (КР), микроциркуляторно–митохондриальную недостаточность (ММН), концентрацию в крови нейроглиального белка (S100) и нейронспецифической энолазы (NSE). Результаты. Ингаляционная анестезия севофлураном нарушает энергоструктурные взаимодействия (ЭСВ) в массе клеток тела (МКТ). Энергопротективные технологии снижают степень повреждения, о чем свидетельствовала концентрация в крови S100 и NSE. Выводы. Применение энергопротективных технологий в соответствии с категориями энергоструктурной активности в МКТ позволяет улучшить результаты лечения пациентов с острой патологией брюшной полости и персонифицировать анестезиологическое обеспечение. Выявлена и доказана тесная корреляционная связь между ранними проявлениями структурных микроповреждений клеток головного мозга с энергоструктурными изменениями в МКТ пациентов

Management of a Female Patient with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Somatoform Disorder

Aim: to demonstrate the management of a patient with somatization disorder and irritable bowel syndrome.Key points. A 41-yo female patient was admitted with complains of spastic lower abdomen pain, hard stool once every 1–2 days under laxative treatment (macrogol), bloating, anxiety, waiting for confirmation of a life threatening illness, internal stress, difficulty in falling asleep, shallow sleep. Has a long history of disease, characterized by the appearance of a variety of somatic symptoms (headache, tachycardia, joint pain, stool disorders, abdominal pain, etc.) during periods of emotional tension, lack of data suggesting organic disease. No abnormal changes were detected in examination at the clinic (complete blood count, serum chemistry tests, urinalysis or fecal tests, hydrogen and methane breath tests with lactulose, abdominal ultrasound, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy). With the prior agreement of patient, she was consulted by a psychiatrist and diagnosed with somatization disorder and mild anxiety disorder. On discharge from hospital recommended cognitive-behavioral therapy, continue taking macrogol, as well as treatment with Kolofort. After 3 months of complex treatment, there was a significant decrease in the severity of both the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and anxiety disorder.Conclusion. For patients whose complaints meet the diagnostic criteria for IBS, a two-stage differential diagnosis may be justified: at the first stage, differentiation of IBS and organic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract is carried out; at the second stage - IBS and somatization disorder. Kolofort can be the drug of choice both in patients with IBS and the pharmacological part of therapy in patients with somatization disorder

Homeostatic MyD88-dependent signals cause lethal inflamMation in the absence of A20

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on host cells are chronically engaged by microbial ligands during homeostatic conditions. These signals do not cause inflammatory immune responses in unperturbed mice, even though they drive innate and adaptive immune responses when combating microbial infections. A20 is a ubiquitin-modifying enzyme that restricts exogenous TLR-induced signals. We show that MyD88-dependent TLR signals drive the spontaneous T cell and myeloid cell activation, cachexia, and premature lethality seen in A20-deficient mice. We have used broad spectrum antibiotics to demonstrate that these constitutive TLR signals are driven by commensal intestinal flora. A20 restricts TLR signals by restricting ubiquitylation of the E3 ligase tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 6. These results reveal both the severe proinflammatory pathophysiology that can arise from homeostatic TLR signals as well as the critical role of A20 in restricting these signals in vivo. In addition, A20 restricts MyD88-independent TLR signals by inhibiting Toll/interleukin 1 receptor domain–containing adaptor inducing interferon (IFN) β–dependent nuclear factor κB signals but not IFN response factor 3 signaling. These findings provide novel insights into how physiological TLR signals are regulated