Nearly chirp- and pedestal-free pulse compression in nonlinear fiber Bragg gratings

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Minimizing End-to-End Delay and Maximizing Reliability using Multilayer Neural Network-based Hamming Back Propagation for Efficient Communication in WSN

Wireless sensor network (WSN) comprises number of spatially distributed sensor nodes for monitoring the physical environment conditions and arranging the gathered data at central location. WSN gained large attention in medical field, industry, military, etc. However, congestion control mechanism for communication between sensor nodes failed to consider the end-to-end delay features. In addition, it failed to handle reliability and not achieved the data concurrency. In order to address the above mentioned problems, Multilayer Neural Network-based Hamming Back Propagation (MNN-HBP) technique is introduced for efficient communication in WSN. In MNN-HBP technique, Amorphous View Point Algorithm is introduced for sensor node initialization for efficient communication in WSN. Amorphous View Point Algorithm used time of arrival to measure the time distance between the sender node and receiver node. After that Hamming Back Propagation Algorithm is used to identify the current location of the sensor nodes for minimizing the end-to end delay and improving the reliability. Each sensor node compares their distance with the neighbouring sensor nodes distance to identify the associated error. When the distance is higher, the associated error is higher and propagates error back to other sensor nodes in the previous layers. The process gets repeated until the communication established between source sensor and lower associated error nodes. By this way, efficient communication is carried out with higher reliability and minimum end-to end delay. Extensive simulation are conducted to illustrate the efficiency of proposed technique as well as the impacts of network parameters on end-to-end delay, reliability and data packets successful rate with respect to data packet size and number of data packets

Diabetes Mellitus: Can Stem Cells be the Answer?

This review aims to enlighten the readers regarding the past, present and future of stem cells in the treatment of Diabetes. Diabetes is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, affecting more than 415 million people worldwide. It is estimated that one in ten adults will have diabetes by 2030. Diabetes is mainly due to reduction in β-cell mass which are responsible for insulin production. Exogenous administration of insulin is having good impact on restoring glucose homeostasis, but it does not entirely control the minute-to-minute fluctuations in systemic blood glucose. Recently cellular-based therapies have been established for exogenous insulin administration by modern pump technology. One of the most interesting therapies involves substitution of insulin producing islet cells by transplantation. But lack of donor material and lifelong immunosuppression made the technique unfeasible. These restrictions have led to exploration of other sources of β-cells, one of the prospects being the stem cells. Several types of stem cells have been used to make pancreatic β-cells, including human embryonic stem cells / induced pluripotent stem cells, pancreatic stem / progenitor cells, and non-pancreatic stem cells. There is also evidence of adult β-cells regeneration through β-cell replication and cellular reprogramming. Functional restoration of existing β-cells, transplantation of stem cells or stem cell-derived β-like cells might provide new opportunities for treatment. In conclusion it can be said that the research is still wide open to arrive at the efficient reprogramming of various types of stem cells to destine them towards functional β-cells

Generation of a train of ultrashort pulses using periodic waves in tapered photonic crystal fibres

Funding This work was supported by the Ministry of Education , Nigeria for financial support through the TETFUND scholarship 55 scheme; CSIR [grant number 03(1264)/12/EMR-II].Peer reviewedPostprin

Formulation and Evaluation of Pregabalin Loaded Eudragit S100 Nanoparticles

In this work, polymeric nanoparticles containing Pregabalin was prepared and optimized the ideal concentration of polymer based on its in vitro release profile for a period of 24hrs.The nanoparticles were prepared by solvent displacement method using various concentrations of Eudragit S100 (EPNP1-EPNP5). The prepared nanoparticles were characterized for its particle size, zeta potential, drug content, entrapment efficiency and invitro drug release profile. The preformulation study results confirmed the compatibility between the drug and other excipients used in the formulation. The optimized formulation was selected based on its particle size, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release profile. The formulation which contains 300mg of Eudragit S100 (EPNP5) was selected as optimized concentration for the controlled release of Pregabalin for a period of 24hrs

SVPWM CONTROLLED PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

Multilevel inversion is a power conversion strategy in which the output voltage is obtained in steps. In recent years, the multilevel inverters have drawn tremendous interest in the area of high-power medium-voltage energy control. Several modulation and control strategies have been developed or adopted for multilevel inverters including the following multilevel Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM), and Space Vector Modulation. In this paper simulation of SVPWM are applied for performance analysis of PMSM using voltage source inverter. The THD and speed torque analysis for PMSM are simulated using MATLAB simulink

Combination and Compression of Multiple Optical Pulses in Nonlinear Fibers with the Exponentially Decreasing Dispersion

ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. Project 61675008).Peer reviewedPostprin

MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES 2 AND 9 IN AVOCATION OF MULTITUDINAL COMPLICATIONS IN EXPLICITLY TO CARCINOMA: REVIEW

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a large group of calcium-dependent zinc containing endopeptidases which are mainly concerned with the remodeling of tissue along with degradation of the extracellular matrix. At the present scenario, there is knowledge of about 26 MMPs which are found to be highly regulated by the growth hormones, cytokines, etc., present within the body. At times of normal homeostasis, their levels within the body are low, and their number usually increases at times of pathological conditions. Its generation is known to occur from the pro-inflammatory cells and connective tissues. They may even lead to the process of apoptosis by its interactions with surface receptors. In the clinical trials sectors, various MMPs along with their inhibitors are examined to import the properties of being a high biomarker in the cancer diagnosis, antiangiogenic agents, various other disorders such as chronic allograft nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy, cardiovascular diseases, neuropathic pain, wound healing, angiogenesis processes, immune response, corneal ulceration, embryonic development, and nervous system disorders. As a result, enormous number of studies on this particular enzyme in the marking of cancer and their elevation in the above-mentioned diseases has to be carried out so that it would remain as a useful tool in their diagnosis. The present work is designed to emphasize the concise review of MMPs, in particularly MMP-2 and MMP-9 along with their variant roles, keeping in mind, that it would be advantageous for the researchers to bring out more promising results and to intensify diagnosis of various infirmities, especially in cancer.Keywords: Matrix metalloproteinase-2, Matrix metalloproteinase-9, Biomarker, Matrix metalloproteinases, Carcinoma, Extracellular matrix, Malignancy, Gelatinases, Tumor