Meningkatkan Karakter dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Dalampembelajaran Matematika melalui Model Pembelajarankooperatif Tipe Stad

Perkembangan karakter dan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VII SMPN 26 Padang masih belum sesuai dengan hasil yang diharapkan. STAD (Student Team Achievement Division) adalah salah satu tipe pembelajaran kooperatif yang diperkirakan dapat meningkatkan karakter dan hasil belajar matematika siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntukmelihatbagaimana perkembangan karakterdan hasil belajar matematikasiswakelasVII SMPN 26 Padang tahun pelajaran 2012/2013 yang diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pra-eksperimen dengan model rancangan The One Shoot Case Study.Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan adanya peningkatan karakter siswa yang belajar dengan penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD meskipun tidak stabil, dan hasil belajar siswa yang belajar dengan penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD meningkat pada setiap pertemuanny

Peningkatan Aktivitas Peserta Didik dalam Pembelajaran Tematik Terpadu Menggunakan Pendekatan Saintifik di Kelas I

: The purpose of this study to describe the increase in the activity of learners in an integrated thematic learning by using the scientific approach in class I Matan 03 State Primary School South Lower Ketapang. The method used in this research is descriptive method of research is a survey studies Form. Type class action research. Subjects in this study were educators and learners who totaled 20 people. Physical activity of students at the beginning of the study the average 32.50% increase in cycle 3 with an average of 88.75% increase of 56.25% with a fairly high category. Mental activity of students at the beginning of the study the average 25.00%, increase in cycle 3 with an average of 76.25% increase of 51.25% with a fairly high category. Emotional activity learners at the beginning of the study average of 32.50%, increase in cycle 3 with an average of 92.50% increase of 60.00% with a fairly high category. By using a scientific approach can increase the activity of students in class integrated thematic learning SDN 03 Matan Hilir Selatan Ketapang

Neural Dynamics of Phonological Processing in the Dorsal Auditory Stream

Neuroanatomical models hypothesize a role for the dorsal auditory pathway in phonological processing as a feedforward efferent system (Davis and Johnsrude, 2007; Rauschecker and Scott, 2009; Hickok et al., 2011). But the functional organization of the pathway, in terms of time course of interactions between auditory, somatosensory, and motor regions, and the hemispheric lateralization pattern is largely unknown. Here, ambiguous duplex syllables, with elements presented dichotically at varying interaural asynchronies, were used to parametrically modulate phonological processing and associated neural activity in the human dorsal auditory stream. Subjects performed syllable and chirp identification tasks, while event-related potentials and functional magnetic resonance images were concurrently collected. Joint independent component analysis was applied to fuse the neuroimaging data and study the neural dynamics of brain regions involved in phonological processing with high spatiotemporal resolution. Results revealed a highly interactive neural network associated with phonological processing, composed of functional fields in posterior temporal gyrus (pSTG), inferior parietal lobule (IPL), and ventral central sulcus (vCS) that were engaged early and almost simultaneously (at 80–100 ms), consistent with a direct influence of articulatory somatomotor areas on phonemic perception. Left hemispheric lateralization was observed 250 ms earlier in IPL and vCS than pSTG, suggesting that functional specialization of somatomotor (and not auditory) areas determined lateralization in the dorsal auditory pathway. The temporal dynamics of the dorsal auditory pathway described here offer a new understanding of its functional organization and demonstrate that temporal information is essential to resolve neural circuits underlying complex behaviors

Extended Spectrum β-lactamases and antimicrobial susceptibility among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the West Bank, Palestine

Objectives: Class D oxacillinases are frequently acquired by gram negative bacteria in general and P. aeruginosa in particular.P. aeruginosa is commonly implicated in causing nosocomial infections. The evolution of antibiotic resistance inP. aeruginosa and the acquisition of blaOXA genes interfere with successful treatment.Methods: A total of 49 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were obtained from Rafidia Hospital, West Bank, Palestine.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by the standard disc diffusion method following theguidelines of CLSI. The prevalence of class D β-lactamases (OXA groups I, II and III) as well as the pseudomonas specificenzymes (CARB-3) were determined by PCR.Results: Susceptibility of P. aeruginosa to carbapenems was the highest 89%, and lowest to ticarcillin/clavulanic acid70%. This study revealed that P. aeruginosa produced oxacillinase enzymes at rates of: OXA-10 (40.8%), OXA-2 (20.4%)and OXA-1 (18.4%). All ceftazidime resistant strains expressed OXA-1 and OXA-2, 18.4%. PSE group was expressed in10.2%.Conclusions: This is the first research conducted to investigate the correlation between OXA genes (blaOXA-1, bla-OXA-2 and blaOXA-10) and antimicrobial resistance among P. aeruginosa clinical isolates in Palestine. The results obtainedcould contribute to better treatment and reduction of the evolution of resistant strains. In addition, it will provideimportant information regarding the geographical distribution of class D β-lactamases. J Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 3(2):56-60Key words: P. aeruginosa, β-lactamase, susceptibility, oxacillinases, blaOXA gene