Use of soil and climate data to assess the risk of agricultural drought for policy support in Europe.

This paper describes the use of soil and climatic data for assessing the risk of drought in Europe. Soil moisture regimes are defined for soil classification purposes and these can be used to delineate areas with the same type of soil climate. Maps showing the distribution of arid soils in USA and dry areas in Southern Europe are presented. In the case of agricultural drought, it is the soil water available to plants (SWAP) that is the most important soil factor in assessing this risk and a simple model for estimating this is described. This model can be linked to spatial and point data from the European Soil Database. In the absence of sufficient soil water retention measurements, preliminary maps of SWAP in Europe have been produced using pedotransfer rules. The study concludes that basic soil maps can be used to identify some areas where agricultural drought is likely to be a problem. However more precise modelling of droughtiness, based on interactions of soil available water with the average soil moisture deficit, estimated from meteorological data, is needed, to support policy making today

Perilaku Kerja Aparatur Pemerintah Daerah Di Unit Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Kota Manado

The purpose of the research was to find out and examine the behavior of Satpol PP members as local government officials in Manado City in carrying out duties and functions. The research method used was qualitative research by collecting data through interviews, observation and documentation. Informants were drawn from the civil service in Satpol PP amounted to 7 persons, 2 persons of voluntary members and 1 persons of temporary members, plus the 5 persons from the community so that the overall total of 15 informants. The results showed Satpol PP in performing tasks were shown to perform less disciplined behavior, especially in terms of presence that only followed the morning and evening briefings, especially for civil service personnel. Their motivation to work just to earn salary and earnings for staff and for the volunteers member, their motivation were solel a full time civil servant. Many of the personnel who had not mastered basic tasks and functions as well as the law managed to be hired without going through the selection process so that in performing their duties in the field are performing arrogant, emotional tendencies and even accepted bribes. With their average education of high school level and less training opportunities led to the lacking of knowledge and skills for the specific field task assigned to them. Based on the results of research, it could be concluded that the behavior of personnel working in the Manado City Civil Service Police Unit has not demonstrated consistent behavior with the provisions regarding the duties and functions and community expectations on the behavior of the police civil service as a protector and social security guards. Attitudes and behavior that did not comply with standard of performance and expectations of society that came from competence and personal integrity officers and the influences of the environment in which they served. Less conducive working atmosphere, as well as monitoring and enforcement of discriminatory discipline was less consistent and not sustainable, influenced attitudes and behavior of personnel in the work. In order to establish a good behavior, the knowledge, attitude and discipline have an important role in shaping the behavior of personnel in the agency

Artificial Intelligence for Technical Debt Management in Software Development

Technical debt is a well-known challenge in software development, and its negative impact on software quality, maintainability, and performance is widely recognized. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has proven to be a promising approach to assist in managing technical debt. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of existing research on the use of AI powered tools for technical debt avoidance in software development. In this literature review we analyzed 15 related research papers which covers various AI-powered techniques, such as code analysis and review, automated testing, code refactoring, predictive maintenance, code generation, and code documentation, and explores their effectiveness in addressing technical debt. The review also discusses the benefits and challenges of using AI for technical debt management, provides insights into the current state of research, and highlights gaps and opportunities for future research. The findings of this review suggest that AI has the potential to significantly improve technical debt management in software development, and that existing research provides valuable insights into how AI can be leveraged to address technical debt effectively and efficiently. However, the review also highlights several challenges and limitations of current approaches, such as the need for high-quality data and ethical considerations and underscores the importance of further research to address these issues. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on AI for technical debt avoidance and offers practical guidance for software development teams seeking to leverage AI in their development processes to mitigate technical debt effectivel

Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Fungsi Lembaga Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (LPM) dalam Pembangunan Desa di Kecamatan Melonguane Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud

UU no. 32 of 2004 and PP.No. 72 of 2005 mandated that the Institute forCommunity Empowerment (LPM) is a village community institutions that serve as aforum for community participation in the management of rural development as well asto encourage and create the access that rural communities more active role indevelopment activities. In fact the purpose of performing the functions of the LPM hasnot run optimally in most villages. On the basis of this research is to find out how theeffectiveness of the implementation of LPM function in rural development in the districtKepulauan Melonguane Talaud district.This study used a descriptive-qualitative .. Source data / research respondents were 60people who dianbil of various elements in the village. Gathering data usingquestionnaires and interviews open. Data analysis technique used was qualitativedescriptive statistical analysis.The results showed: (1) The LPM functions as a container reservoir and the voice of thepeople in rural development has not been effective. (2) The LPM functions as aninstitution of participatory village development planning has been carried out but hasnot been fully effective. (3) The LPM function in the implementation of plans /participatory rural development program is quite effective, but not optima

Proposal of a Hybrid Structure Acoustic Wave Filter for Improving Quality of the Output Signal in the GSM 900 Band

This paper provides information on the study of acoustic bulk wave filter technologies, the Harmonic Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonator (HBAR) and the Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonator (FBAR) and proposes a hybrid structure (HBAR-FBAR). ) that would be a solution to overcome the disadvantage of HBAR technology manifested by an exaggerated occupation of harmonic frequencies around the resonant frequency when it used in the oscillators of mobile phone systems. The results show that hybrid technology is the best solution

Theory that Matters! Problem-based learning towards 5G Communication System and Standards

Theory that Matters! Problem-based learning towards 5G Communication System and Standard

2-{[4-(Diethyl­amino)­phen­yl]imino­methyl}-4,6-diiodo­phenol

In the title compound, C17H18I2N2O, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 5.4 (1)°. An intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond generates an S(6) ring motif. The crystal packing is stabilized by C—H⋯π and π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.697 (1) Å]

ANTI-ULCEROGENIC EFFECT OF MORINDA CITRIFOLIA IN VARIOUS EXPERIMENTAL MODELS

ABSTRACT Morinda citrifolia is a member of the Rubiaceae. It is a Shrub or compacted to twisted small tree up to 8 m high with square stems and large stipules between nodes and petioles. Leaves are opposite, petiolate, glossy, mostly ovate, 15-35 cm long. Flowers white, up to 15 mm long, with a tubular corolla and 5 spreading lobes, the flowers borne on a globose syncarp. Fruit a large fleshy syncarp up to 15 cm long, at first green but becoming white, juicy, and pungent when mature. Flowers and fruits are available throughout the year. To investigate the phytoconstituents, acute oral toxicity and anti-ulcer profile of the Ethanol extract of Morinda citrifolia leaf extract in albino rats. Ethanolic extract at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o administered to evaluate anti-ulcer activity by using Ethanol, indomethacin, and cold-restraint stress induced gastric ulcer models in Albino rats. Ethanol extract gave positive results for the alkaloids, reducing sugars, triterpenoids, and flavonoids. Study on acute toxicity of extract was found to be safe at the doses 2000mg/kg p.o. Ethanol extract dose dependent inhibition in ethanol induced gastric lesions, ethanol extract showed 68.3% % protection at 400 mg/kg, and 51.7% protection at 200 mg/kg, In indomethacin induced gastric lesions, Ethanol extract showed 75.02% protection at 400 mg/kg and 45.86% protection at 200 mg/kg, it also dose dependent inhibition in Cold-restraint stress induced gastric lesions, ethanol extract showed 75.45% protection at 400 mg/kg, and 50.34% protection at 200 mg/kg. All the results are found to be statistically significant (p≤0.05). Hence we suggest that ethanol extract possess antiulcerogenic properties that may be due to cytoprotective mechanism. These results support the ethnomedical uses of the plant in the treatment of gastric ulcer

Melatonin, Immune Function and Aging

Aging is associated with a decline in immune function (immunosenescence), a situation known to correlate with increased incidence of cancer, infectious and degenerative diseases. Innate, cellular and humoral immunity all exhibit increased deterioration with age. A decrease in functional competence of individual natural killer (NK) cells is found with advancing age. Macrophages and granulocytes show functional decline in aging as evidenced by their diminished phagocytic activity and impairment of superoxide generation. There is also marked shift in cytokine profile as age advances, e.g., CD3+ and CD4+ cells decline in number whereas CD8+ cells increase in elderly individuals. A decline in organ specific antibodies occurs causing reduced humoral responsiveness. Circulating melatonin decreases with age and in recent years much interest has been focused on its immunomodulatory effect. Melatonin stimulates the production of progenitor cells for granulocytes-macrophages. It also stimulates the production of NK cells and CD4+ cells and inhibits CD8+ cells. The production and release of various cytokines from NK cells and T-helper lymphocytes also are enhanced by melatonin. Melatonin presumably regulates immune function by acting on the immune-opioid network, by affecting G protein-cAMP signal pathway and by regulating intracellular glutathione levels. Melatonin has the potential therapeutic value to enhance immune function in aged individuals and in patients in an immunocompromised state