p38 MAPK signaling during murine preimplantation development.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways mediate some important cellular processes and are likely to also regulate preimplantation development. The role of p38 MAP kinase signaling during murine preimplantation development was investigated in the present study. p38 MAPK, p38-regulated or -activated kinase (PRAK; MK5), map kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2), and heat shock protein 25 (hsp25) mRNAs and proteins were detected throughout preimplantation development. Two-cell stage embryos cultured in the presence of SB220025 and SB203580 (specific inhibitors of p38 MAPK alpha/beta), progressed to the eight-cell stage with the same frequency as controls; however, treated embryos halted their development at the 8- to 16-cell stage. In addition, embryos treated with p38 MAPK inhibitors displayed a complete loss of MK2 and hsp25 phosphorylation and also a complete loss of filamentous actin as indicated by the absence of rhodamine-phalloidin staining. In these inhibitor-treated groups, the embryos were composed of a mixture of compacting and noncompacting cells, and the embryos were one to two cell divisions behind controls. Treated embryos remained viable as the developmental blockade was rescued by removing embryos from the drug treatment and placing them in drug-free medium until they progressed to the blastocyst stage. This study demonstrates that p38 MAPK activity is required to support development through the murine preimplantation interval

Association Between the Time Spent on and Sources of the News of Russo-Ukrainian War and Psychological Distress Among Individuals in Poland and Ukraine: The Mediating Effect of Rumination

Dian-Jeng Li,1– 3 Agata Chudzicka-Czupa&lstrok;a,4 Mateusz Paliga,5 Nadiya Hapon,6 Liudmyla Karamushka,7 Marta &Zdot;ywio&lstrok;ek-Szeja,4 Roger S McIntyre,8– 10 Soon-Kiat Chiang,11 Yi-Lung Chen,12,13 Cheng-Fang Yen,1,14,15 Roger Ho Chun Man16,17 1Graduate Institute of Medicine and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; 2Department of Addiction Science, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80276, Taiwan; 3Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, 91200, Taiwan; 4Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland; 5Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland; 6Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Ivan Franko National University in Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine; 7G. S. Kostiuk Institute of Psychology, National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; 8Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; 9Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; 10Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Canada; 11Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; 12Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; 13Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; 14Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 15College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan; 16Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; 17Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeCorrespondence: Cheng-Fang Yen, Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan, Tel +886-7-3121101 ext. 6822, Fax +886-7-3134761, Email [email protected] Yi-Lung Chen, Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, No. 500, Lioufeng Road, Wufeng, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan, Tel +886-4-23323456&num;20106, Fax +886-4-23321206, Email [email protected]: The Russo-Ukrainian War has resulted in massive social, economic, and psychological burdens worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the associations between time spent on the war-related news and psychological distress, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the mediating effects of rumination on the associations in people residing in Poland and Ukraine.Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 1438 internet users in Poland and Ukraine, and collected data on levels of rumination, psychological distress, and the amount of time spent on and sources of the news of the Russo-Ukrainian War. Structural equation modeling with bootstrapping methods was used to evaluate the mediation effect. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify predictive effect of the source of the war-related news on psychological distress and rumination.Results: The results showed a mediating effect of rumination on the association between the amount of time spent on the war-related news and psychological distress among participants in Poland (β = 0.16, p < 0.001) and Ukraine (β = 0.15, p < 0.001). Approaching the news from television was associated with rumination (β = 0.607, p < 0.001) and PTSD symptoms in Poland (β = 2.475, p = 0.009), while approaching news from the internet was associated with rumination in Poland (β = 0.616, p = 0.001).Conclusion: The study identified the mediating effect of rumination and the associations of approaching the war-related news from television and the internet with mental health.Keywords: Russo-Ukrainian war, rumination, psychological distress, mediation, time spent on the news of wa

Wpływ stanu powierzchni na adhezję materiału kompozytowego do szkliwa

This work presents a method of measuring the maximum stress that a composite sample fixed on a tooth surface will withstand. The test was carried out for 3 different surface conditions of enamel: no processing, after treatment with a diamond drill, and after treatment with a diode laser. The force of adhesion was measured in an Instron 5960 testing machine. The results demonstrate a significant effect of the surface condition on the adhesion of the composite to the enamel.Praca przedstawia metodę pomiaru maksymalnego naprężenia jakie wytrzyma próbka kompozytu umocowana na powierzchni zęba. Badanie przeprowadzono dla 3 różnych stanów powierzchni szkliwa: bez obróbki, po obróbce wiertłem diamentowym oraz po obróbce laserem diodowym. Siłę adhezji zmierzono w maszynie wytrzymałościowej Instron 5960. Wyniki potwierdzają znaczący wpływ stanu powierzchni na adhezję kompozytu do szkliwa

Incidence of positive screening for obstructive sleep apnea in patients with isolated cleft lip and/or palate

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children with isolated cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). METHODS: The present prospective study was performed at a pediatric tertiary care centre. Consecutive patients evaluated at the cleft clinic from January 2011 to August 2013 were identified. Patients' families prospectively completed the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ), a validated tool used to predict moderate to severe OSA. Patients with CL/P and an underlying syndrome or other craniofacial diagnosis were excluded. A positive OSA screen was recorded if the ratio of positive to total responses was >0.33. Risk factors associated with a positive screen were identified using the Student's t or ANOVA test. RESULTS: A total of 867 patients completed the PSQ, 489 of whom with isolated CL/P met inclusion criteria. The mean age was 8.4 years. The overall incidence of positive screening was 14.7%. The most commonly reported symptoms among positive screeners were 'fidgets with hands or feet' (73.6%), 'interrupts others' (69.4%) and 'mouth breather during the day' (69.4%). The most sensitive items were 'stops breathing during the night' and 'trouble breathing during sleep', with positive predictive values of 0.78 and 0.67, respectively. Sex, body mass index, ancestry and cleft type were not significantly associated with increased risk for positive screening. CONCLUSION: One in seven children with isolated CL/P screened positively for OSA according to the PSQ. This finding highlights the potential importance of routine screening in this at-risk group

Prevalence of healthcare-associated cervicitis and antimicrobial resistance of the responsible pathogens in Ukraine: results of a multicenter study (2019-2021)

The aim: To obtain the first estimates of the current prevalence of healthcare-associated cervicitis (HACs) and antimicrobial resistance of responsible pathogens in Ukraine. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective multicentre cohort study was based on surveillance data from January 1st, 2019 to December 31st, 2021 in Ukraine. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was determined by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion test according to the protocol of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Results: Of the 6,885 participants in this study, 1746 women (25.5%) met the clinical definition of cervicitis. Prevalence of HACs and cervcits caused sexually transmitted pathogens were 12.7% and 8.3%, respectively. The incidence of HACs among women with a history of gynecological procedures was 25.4%. The main causes of HACs were legal induced abortions (28.8%), vaginal hysterectomy (23.9%), and postpartum instrumental examination (12.8%). The predominant pathogens of HACs were: Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis. Methicillin-resistance was observed in 20.8% of S. aureus (MRSA). Vancomycin resistance was observed in 7.4% of isolated enterococci (VRE). Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was observed in 13.1% Klebsiella spp. and E.coli 17.5% isolates. Carbapenem resistance was identified in 11.6% of P.aeruginosa isolates. The prevalence of ESBL production among E. coli isolates was significantly higher than in K. pneumoniae (33.5%, vs 8.7%). The overall proportion of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) production among Enterobacteriaceae was 34.6%. Conclusions: This study showed that the prevalence of healthcare-associated cervicitis in Ukraine is high, and many cases were caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens