223 research outputs found

    Some notes of natural history and distribution of leptostylus gibbulosus bates, 1874 (coleoptera: cerambycidae)

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    Se registra a Sapindus saponaria como un nuevo hospedero de Leptostylus gibbulosus; aunque la distribución de éste se cita desde Texas a Venezuela, su presencia no se había registrado para el Estado de Oaxaca. Se describe brevemente su biología y se contrasta ésta con la de Bruchidae

    Determinación de Cd en Zeolita por Espectrometría de Absorción Atómica con Nebulización Thermospray

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    Una de las exigencias de la industria farmacéutica, es conocer los contenidos de elementos tóxicos. Debido a las bajas concentraciones de Cd en las muestras de zeolita utilizadas como materia prima en la producción de antidiarreicos, el principal objetivo de este trabajo es proponer un procedimiento analítico para determinar los niveles de concentración de cadmio en zeolita. Para chequear el procedimiento analítico, se preparó una muestra sintética por pesada de los componentes mayoritarios y se estudiaron tres tipos de tratamiento de descomposición con HN03, HCl y con HN03-HCI-HCl04- HF. Los resultados fueron comparados mediante las determinaciones por Espectrometría de Absorción Atómica utilizando la nebulización neumática convencional con llama (FAAS), la atomización electrotérmica (GFAAS) y la nebulización no convencional (Thennospray ). Fue satisfactoria la determinación de Cd en cuatro muestras naturales de zeolita mediante una descomposición total y su determinación mediante Thennospray

    A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of Cannabidivarin as Add-on Therapy in Participants with Inadequately Controlled Focal Seizures

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    OBJECTIVE: We assessed the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of cannabidivarin (CBDV) as add-on therapy in adults with inadequately controlled focal seizures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and sixty-two participants (CBDV n=81; placebo n=81) were enrolled. After a 4-week baseline, participants titrated from 400 to 800 mg CBDV twice daily (b.i.d.) (or placebo) over 2 weeks, followed by 6 weeks stable dosing (at 800 mg b.i.d.) and a 12-day taper period. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in focal seizure frequency during the 8-week treatment period. Secondary endpoints included additional efficacy measures relating to seizures, physician- and participant-reported outcomes, change in the use of rescue medication, cognitive assessments, and safety. RESULTS: Median baseline focal seizure frequencies were 17–18 per 28 days in both groups, and similar reductions in frequency were observed in the CBDV (40.5%) and placebo (37.7%) groups during the treatment period (treatment ratio [% reduction] CBDV/placebo: 0.95 [4.6]; confidence interval: 0.78–1.17 [−16.7 to 21.9]; p=0.648). There were no differences between the CBDV and placebo groups for any seizure subtype. There were no significant treatment differences between CBDV and placebo groups for any of the secondary efficacy outcome measures. Overall, 59 (72.8%) of participants in the CBDV group and 39 (48.1%) in the placebo group had ≥1 treatment-emergent adverse event (AE); the 3 most common were diarrhea, nausea, and somnolence. The incidence of serious AEs was low (3.7% in the CBDV group vs. 1.2% in the placebo group). There was little or no effect of CBDV on vital signs, physical examination, or electrocardiogram findings. Elevations in serum transaminases (alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase) to levels >3×upper limit of normal occurred in three participants taking CBDV (two discontinued as a result) and one taking placebo; however, none met the criteria for potential Hy's Law cases. CONCLUSION: It is likely the 40.5% seizure reduction with CBDV represents an appropriate pharmacological response in this population with focal seizures. The placebo response was, however, high, which may reflect the participants' expectations of CBDV, and a treatment difference from placebo was not observed. CBDV was generally well tolerated

    A Forecast for Cocoa Bean Farm Gate Prices in Davao Region, Southern Philippines, Using Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity

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    The Davao Region is one of the top cocoa producers in Southern Philippines. The region aims to invest in cocoa production by enticing cocoa bean farmers to increase their production of the said commodity. This is possible if their cocoa beans produced have a good farm-gate price. Thus, this study was done to forecast the cocoa bean farm-gate prices in the Davao Region. The data for monthly cocoa bean farm-gate prices in Davao Region for the period of January 1990 to December 2015 was used as an input to the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) to come up with a time series model. Mean squared error (MSE), root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and Theil’s inequality coefficient (U-statistics) were used as the forecasting accuracy criteria in identifying the best fit model. The results of the study revealed that the time series data was influenced by a positive linear trend factor and also indicates that no seasonal factor exists. Moreover, the best model is GARCH (1, 2). Furthermore, a ten-year forecast was done for fiscal years 2016–2025. By discovering the price movement of the cocoa beans in the next ten years, farmers should maximize their production and sell their produce when the prices are estimated to increase. In contrast, when the prices are estimated to decline, farmers should use storing techniques and employ timed planting decisions in order to lessen the reduction of their profits

    Evaluation of bread quality and volatile compounds of breads made by sourdoughs fermented by sediments of pulque (xaxtle) as starter culture

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    Sourdough is an important modern fermentation method of cereal flour and water. The fermentation process is carried out by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts which confer specific flavor characteristics to the bread. The main aim of this research was to investigate the bread quality and volatile compounds of breads made by sourdoughs inoculated with sediments of pulque (xaxtle) used it as starter culture. Fifty five volatile compounds were found in the bread made with sourdoughs inoculated with xaxtle from three different regions of Mexico. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, compounds as 3-hydroxy-2-butanone; 3-methyl-1-butanol; 2-methyl, 1-butanol; dimethyl disulfide; furfural, nonanal, phenyl ethyl alcohol and butanoic acid were presented in the flavor profile of the breads and having a positive response to sensory analysis made by evaluators. The xaxtle of Nanacamilpa (XN) and the xaxtle of Villa Alta (XV) were the best breads getting 8.3±0.03, 8.8±0.02, 6.2±0.08 and 8.2±0.01 scores in a scale from 0 to 10 in color, smell, texture and flavor attributes respectively which are positive attributes in favor of the quality bread. As a result of fermentation sourdough with LAB and yeasts from the xaxtle during 24 hours (30° C), the bread made with the sourdough inoculated with xaxtle of Milpa Alta (XM) showed the major acid flavor therefore its sample was less acceptable getting 8.1±0.01, 7.8±0.02, 5.3±0.01 and 7.9±0.01 in the same attributes evaluated. The xaxtle of Nanacamilpa, Tlaxcala (XN) run better than the others as starter fermentation culture for sourdoughs

    Experiences With Food Insecurity and Risky Sex Among Low-Income People Living With HIV/AIDS in a Resource-Rich Setting

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    Background: Forty-nine million individuals are food insecure in the United States, where food insecurity and HIV/AIDS are prevalent among the urban poor. Food insecurity is associated with risky sexual behaviours among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). No qualitative studies, however, have investigated the mechanisms underlying this relationship either in a resource-rich setting or among populations that include men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods: Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 34 low-income PLHIV receiving food assistance in the San Francisco Bay Area. The interviews explored experiences with food insecurity and perceived associations with sexual risk behaviours. Interviews were conducted in English, audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded and analyzed according to content analysis methods using an inductive-deductive approach. Results: Food insecurity was reported to be a strong contributor to risky sexual practices among MSM and female participants. Individuals described engaging in transactional sex for food or money to buy food, often during times of destitution. Participants also explained how food insecurity could lead to condomless sex despite knowledge of and desire to use safe sexual practices, largely because the need to obtain food in the short term was prioritized over the desire to use barrier protection. Conclusions: Our data extend previous research by demonstrating that food insecurity contributes to transactional and unprotected sex among urban poor individuals in a resource-rich setting, including among MSM. These findings underscore the importance of public health and social intervention efforts focused on structural inequalities

    On the Past Asymptotic Dynamics of Non-minimally Coupled Dark Energy

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    We apply dynamical systems techniques to investigate cosmological models inspired in scalar-tensor theories written in the Einstein frame. We prove that if the potential and the coupling function are sufficiently smooth functions, the scalar field almost always diverges into the past. The dynamics of two important invariant sets is investigated in some detail. By assuming some regularity conditions for the potential and for the coupling function, it is constructed a dynamical system well suited to investigate the dynamics where the scalar field diverges, i.e. near the initial singularity. The critical points therein are investigated and the cosmological solutions associated to them are characterized. We find that our system admits scaling solutions. Some examples are taken from the bibliography to illustrate the major results. Also we present asymptotic expansions for the cosmological solutions near the initial space-time singularity, which extend in a way previous results of other researchers.Comment: 38 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in CQ

    Determinación de Mn y Ni en aceros mediante Espectrometría de Absorción Atómica con Llama y Nebulización Thermospray

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    La complejidad de la matriz influye en la eficiencia de transporte del analito, afecta la sensibilidad y los límites de detección cuando se emplea en la absorción atómica con llama (FAAS) con nebulización neumática. Esto determina que en ocasiones es necesario realizar una separación y precon­centración, para eliminar estas interferencias. En este trabajo se presenta un diseño modificado realizado de un sistema de nebulización no convencional con cámara de precalentamiento (Thermospray). Este permite una eficiencia de transporte del analito de un 99 % y un aumento de sensibilidad de 2 veces. Se reportan las optimizaciones de parámetros instrumentales del dispositivo y la comparación con el sistema de nebulización neumática convencional. Como aplicación se realiza la determinación de Mn y Ni a una muestra certificada de acero

    The Day-to-Day Impact of Urogenital Aging: Perspectives from Racially/Ethnically Diverse Women

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    Urogenital symptoms affect up to half of women after menopause, but their impact on women’s day-to-day functioning and wellbeing is poorly understood. Postmenopausal women aged 45 to 80 years reporting urogenital dryness, soreness, itching, or pain during sex were recruited to participate in in-depth focus groups to discuss the impact of their symptoms. Focus groups were homogenous with respect to race/ethnicity and stratified by age (for White or Black women) or language (for Latina women). Transcripts of sessions were analyzed according to grounded theory. Six focus groups were conducted, involving 44 women (16 White, 14 Black, 14 Latina). Five domains of functioning and wellbeing affected by symptoms were identified: sexual functioning, everyday activities, emotional wellbeing, body image, and interpersonal relations. For some participants, symptoms primarily affected their ability to have and enjoy sex, as well as be responsive to their partners. For others, symptoms interfered with everyday activities, such as exercising, toileting, or sleeping. Participants regarded their symptoms as a sign that they were getting old or their body was deteriorating; women also associated symptoms with a loss of womanhood or sexuality. Additionally, participants reported feeling depressed, embarrassed, and frustrated about their symptoms, and expressed reluctance to discuss them with friends, family, or health care providers. Urogenital symptoms can have a marked impact on sexual functioning, everyday activities, emotional wellbeing, body image, and interpersonal relations after menopause. Clinicians may need to question women actively about these symptoms, as many are reluctant to seek help for this problem
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