Support and its Impact on the Lived Experiences of African Caribbean Nurses as Students and Practitioners in the British National Health Service (NHS)

Current participation by the children of immigrants in UK nursing education is very low. There are implications for culturally sensitive care delivery and the increasing demographic shift towards an ageing population. Those who arrived during the HMS Windrush period immediately after World War 2 are now beginning to use NHS services more frequently. This paper will provide insights into Black British African Caribbean nurses’ perceptions of support as students and clinical practitioners. It draws on original research, which explored factors, that impact on participation of British African Caribbean people in careers in nursing. The paper is specifically concerned with support which was one of four key findings from the research. UK policy requires that all services, including health services, should reflect the diversity of the communities they serve. This presents opportunities and challenges that need to be explored and addressed, as the UK grapples with increased nursing shortages and low retention rates of qualified staff. The British National Health Service (NHS) has benefited from major contributions of African Caribbean communities who were specifically invited and recruited to help to rebuild the economy and the infrastructure. There is some evidence that Children of the post Windrush era, who were born here, may choose not to participate in nursing as a career because of the experiences of discrimination suffered by their parents and grandparents in the NHS. This paper explores the views of British African Caribbean nursing participants as students and workers, in their own voices. It specifically highlights the role of support in their experiences and its direct impact on their decision making and success with regards to career choices in nursing. It will consider the role that bespoke support can play in enabling successful participation, career building and the implications for nursing education

Molecular Gas Around Young Stellar Clusters

We have begun a survey of the molecular gas surrounding 31 young clusters in order to investigate the link between environment and the resulting cluster. We present here a preliminary comparison of two clusters in our sample: GGD12-15 and Mon R2. Since both clusters are located in the MonR2 molecular cloud at a distance of 830 pc, observational biases due to differing sensitivities and angular resolutions are avoided.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figures, uses newpasp.sty. To appear in "Hot Star Workshop III: The Earliest Phases of Massive Star Birth" (ed. P.A. Crowther

Red deer synchronise their activity with close neighbours

Models of collective animal behaviour frequently make assumptions about the effects of neighbours on the behaviour of focal individuals, but these assumptions are rarely tested. One such set of assumptions is that the switch between active and inactive behaviour seen in herding animals is influenced by the activity of close neighbours, where neighbouring animals show a higher degree of behavioural synchrony than would be expected by chance. We tested this assumption by observing the simultaneous behaviour of paired individuals within a herd of red deer Cervus elaphus. Focal individuals were more synchronised with their two closest neighbours than with the third closest or randomly selected individuals from the herd. Our results suggest that the behaviour of individual deer is influenced by immediate neighbours. Even if we assume that there are no social relationships between individuals, this suggests that the assumptions made in models about the influence of neighbours may be appropriate

Early stages of phase selection in MOF formation observed in molecular Monte Carlo simulations

Metal-organic frameworks (MOF) comprising metal nodes bridged by organic linkers show great promise because of their guest-specific gas sorption, separation, drug-delivery, and catalytic properties. The selection of metal node, organic linker, and synthesis conditions in principle offers engineered control over both structure and function. For MOFs to realise their potential and to become more than just promising materials, a degree of predictability in the synthesis and a better understanding of the self-assembly or initial growth processes is of paramount importance. Using cobalt succinate, a MOF that exhibits a variety of phases depending on synthesis temperature and ligand to metal ratio, as proof of concept, we present a molecular Monte Carlo approach that allows us to simulate the early stage of MOF assembly. We introduce a new Contact Cluster Monte Carlo (CCMC) algorithm which uses a system of overlapping "virtual sites" to represent the coordination environment of the cobalt and both metal-metal and metal-ligand associations. Our simulations capture the experimentally observed synthesis phase distinction in cobalt succinate at 348 K. To the best of our knowledge this is the first case in which the formation of different MOF phases as a function of composition is captured by unbiased molecular simulations. The CCMC algorithm is equally applicable to any system in which short-range attractive interactions are a dominant feature, including hydrogen-bonding networks, metal-ligand coordination networks, or the assembly of particles with "sticky" patches, such as colloidal systems or the formation of protein complexes.</p

Public trust's duality in the CSP - reputation - financial performance relationship across countries

Within the literature investigating relationships among Corporate Social Performance (CSP), Corporate Reputation (CR), and Corporate Financial Performance (CFP) (Orlitzky, Schmidt, &#38; Rynes, 2003; Waddock &#38; Graves, 1997), we identify two lines of inquiry. First, scholars have investigated the effect that CSP has on CR, “the overall estimation in which a particular company is held by its various constituents” (Fombrun, 1996: 36). Most maintain that CSP enhances CR (Fombrun &#38; Shanley, 1990; Wang &#38; Berens, 2014), with some exceptions (Walker &#38; Dyck, 2014). Second, scholars concur that CR enhances CFP (Newburry, 2010; Roberts &#38; Dowling, 2002). We argue that public trust in business (Harris, Moriarty, &#38; Wicks, 2014) plays an important moderating role in the CSP-CR-CFP relationship, as some have implicitly suggested (Barnett, 2007; Du, Bhattacharya, &#38; Sen, 2010). Public trust in business, or more accurately public trust in the institution (North, 1990) of business, is “the level and type of vulnerability the public is willing to assume with regard to business relations” (Bolton et al., 2009: 6). Public trust in business has been declining since the 1960s (Nye, Zelikow, &#38; King, 1997) remaining at low levels since the 1990s (Wicks et al., 2014). Although both managers (Business Roundtable Institute for Corporate Ethics, 2004) and academics (Wicks et al., 2014) agree that low levels of public trust can harm, inadequate research has investigated its effect on firms (Harris et al., 2014; Bolton et al., 2009). We aim to partially rectify this deficiency. Here, we draw on signaling theory to investigate the role that public trust in business (Bolton et al., 2009) has in moderating the relationship among CSP, CR and CFP. We argue that levels of public trust towards business influence the CSP-CR-CFP relationship and develop hypotheses regarding this influence. Given that national context may systematically influence the CSP-CFP relationship (Gardberg &#38; Fombrun, 2006) and that public trust in business may vary cross-nationally (e.g. Chan, Lam, &#38; Liu, 2011), we test our hypotheses on an unbalanced panel of 462 firms from 2006-12 from 9 countries (a total of 2534 observations)