Prospective study on antimicrobial protein of Spirastrella inconstans against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

The bioactive compound have to be extracted from the marine sponge Spirastrella inconstans for treatment against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which were isolated from the chronicwound of fisherman community of east and west coastal villages of India. About 100 MRSA strains were isolated from the pus samples and confirmed using standard biochemical tests. Since those strains developed resistance to almost all type of antibiotics, alternative bioactive compounds are needed for the treatment. Spirastrella inconstans was selected in which the crude bioactive compound were extracted by solvent extraction method. The antimicrobial activity was performed using agar well cutting and paper disc diffusion methods, in which chloroform extract was the most active compared to that of other solvents, with a maximum of 30 mm diameter of zone of inhibition. That crude extract protein was estimated by using Lowry’s method. The protein was precipitated using ammonium sulphate precipitation method and purified using dialysis. The purified protein was found to be of 3,000 Da molecular weight by SDS-PAGE, it can be used for the treatment of wound infection though the structural and molecular elucidations need to be done in the future

A Mathematical Model for the Release of Vasopressin using Fuzzy Step-Stress Approach

The theoretical study was to investigate the release of the hormones Vasopressin and Oxytocin from explants of the hypothalamoneurohypophysial system (HNS). A mathematical model using fuzzy constant step –stress approach was developed and used this model to calculate the mean values of the release of Vasopressin and Oxytocin. The result shows that a synergistic effect of metabotropic glutamate receptor activation of Vasopressin and Oxytocin. Keywords: Fuzzy step-stress mean value, Vasopressin, oxytocin 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 97Mxx, 93A30, 60A8

Existence, uniqueness and stability of random impulsive neutral partial differential equations

AbstractIn this paper, the existence, uniqueness and stability via continuous dependence of mild solution of neutral partial differential equations with random impulses are studied under sufficient condition via fixed point theory

Role of optical coherence tomography in management of post operative cystoid macular edema

INTRODUCTION: High resolution cross sectional imaging of the retina is useful for identifying, monitoring and quantitatively assessing macular diseases. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a new medical diagnostic imaging technology which can perform micron resolution, cross sectional or tomographic imaging in biological tissues. Cross sectional images of the retina are obtained at the resolution of 10 microns. OCT uses low coherence or white light interferometry to perform high resolution measurements and imaging. The infra red light beam has a wavelength of 820 nm. Post Operative Cystoid Macular Edema (CME) frequently occurs following cataract surgery. It can also occur following YAG capsulotomy, Cryo, Laser photocoagulation, scleral buckling and Penetrating Keratoplasty (PKP). Cystoid macular edema is the result of accumulation of fluid in the outer plexiform and inner nuclear layers of the retina centrered about the foveala and formation of fluid filled cyst like changes. OCT offers an objective test for quantitative evaluation of patients with CME. OCT can quantitatively assess retinal thickness and demonstrate any associated RPE structural anomalies beneath edematous retina which can be obscured by leakage on angiography. Measurement of retinal thickness by OCT correlate more strongly with visual acuity than presence of leakage on angiography. The aim of the present dissertation is to study optical coherence tomographic features in post operative CME and monitor it with OCT. AIM OF THE STUDY: 1. To study the optical coherence tomography features of post operative CME. 2. To assess the role of optical coherence tomography in monitoring, diagnosis and followup of cystoid macular edema. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with Clinical diagnosis of CME who presented to the Retina Clinic of Institute of Ophthalmology, Joseph Eye Hospital, Trichy between May 1st 2005 to April 30, 2006, were included in this study. Inclusion Criteria Inclusion criteria were all patients with clinical diagnosis of CME > 4 weeks following ocular surgery. Exlusion Criteria • CME due to other causes including Diabetic retinopathy, Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion, Central Retinal Vein Occlusion, Uveitis • Patients who did not complete minimum followup period of 3 months. A standard protocol was used to collect and document all the details regarding the cases included in this study. A detailed information about history and complaints of the patients were taken. This included o Type / date of surgery o Complications of surgery o Chief complaints o Duration of symptoms RESULTS: The demographical data includes age, sex of the patients, laterality, type of surgery, duration of problem, pretreatment and post treatment BCVA, macular thickness. The minimum follow up period was 6 months. Patients included in this study were subjected to FFA, OCT at the time of presentation and also at first and second review after 1 and 2 months respectively. DISCUSSION: Optical coherence tomography is a noninvasive, non contact imaging system that uses superluminescent diode light source to create high resolution, real time, cross sectional tomographic images of retina. In our study it was used in 20 patients with post operative CME. Clinical findings in CME may be subtle without matching with visual acuity. OCT can play an important role in these eyes. OCT can also prove useful for objective followup in these cases. In our study, the maximum number of patients were between 51 – 60 years age group (Mean 61.85 years) which was similar to the study done by Jalementel65 and associates (Avg. 69.883). In our study males were more compared with females (4 : 1). Williamson et al. in their study have mentioned the sex ratio to be 1.2 : 1. The main risk factors for development of CME in our study were PC rent, vitreous loss, AC IOL, ECCE. Tina A et al. in their study have mentioned ruptured PC, ECCE, retained lens fragments, vitreous loss, iris trauma, AC IOL, Post uveitis as major risk factors. SUMMARY: In this prospective, non comparative study, 20 eyes of 20 patients with post operative cystoid macular edema were included. FFA was done for all the patients. Optical coherence was done to all patients at presentation and during follow up. OCT was used to quantitatively assess retinal thickness and demonstrate any associated RPE structural anomalies beneath the oedematous retina, which can be obscured by leakage on angiography. Line scan was done through the leak site

Efficient VQE Approach for Accurate Simulations on the Kagome Lattice

The Kagome lattice, a captivating lattice structure composed of interconnected triangles with frustrated magnetic properties, has garnered considerable interest in condensed matter physics, quantum magnetism, and quantum computing.The Ansatz optimization provided in this study along with extensive research on optimisation technique results us with high accuracy. This study focuses on using multiple ansatz models to create an effective Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) on the Kagome lattice. By comparing various optimisation methods and optimising the VQE ansatz models, the main goal is to estimate ground state attributes with high accuracy. This study advances quantum computing and advances our knowledge of quantum materials with complex lattice structures by taking advantage of the distinctive geometric configuration and features of the Kagome lattice. Aiming to improve the effectiveness and accuracy of VQE implementations, the study examines how Ansatz Modelling, quantum effects, and optimization techniques interact in VQE algorithm. The findings and understandings from this study provide useful direction for upcoming improvements in quantum algorithms,quantum machine learning and the investigation of quantum materials on the Kagome Lattice.Comment: 7 pages,7 figure

Age-Based Differences in Care Setting Transitions over the Last Year of Life

Context. Little is known about the number and types of moves made in the last year of life to obtain healthcare and end-of-life support, with older adults more vulnerable to care setting transition issues. Research Objective. Compare care setting transitions across older (65+ years) and younger individuals. Design. Secondary analyses of provincial hospital and ambulatory database data. Every individual who lived in the province for one year prior to death from April 1, 2005 through March 31, 2007 was retained (N = 19, 397). Results. Transitions averaged 3.5, with 3.9 and 3.4 for younger and older persons, respectively. Older persons also had fewer ER and ambulatory visits, fewer procedures performed in the last year of life, but longer inpatient stays (42.7 days versus 36.2 for younger persons). Conclusion. Younger and older persons differ somewhat in the number and type of end-of-life care setting transitions, a matter for continuing research and healthcare policy

Green tea polyphenols in cardiometabolic health: A critical appraisal on phytogenomics towards personalized green tea

Cardiovascular disease is a chronic multifactorial health complication that is either directly or indirectly associated with pathophysiological mechanisms, including pro-oxidation, pro-inflammation, vascular and endothelial dysfunction, impaired platelet function, thrombosis, and others. The therapeutic options to circumvent cardiovascular complications include several phytomedicines, including green tea polyphenols. However, while many experimental and clinical studies report distinct mechanisms by which the polyphenols of green tea elicit a beneficial role in cardiometabolic health, the translation and applications of green tea polyphenols in clinics have yet to gain their optimal use on the broader population. This review critically appraises the various reported mechanisms of green tea polyphenols in modulating cardio-metabolic health and associated phyto-genomic challenges. Further, our review highlights the probability of gene polymorphic associated therapeutic variations in individuals using green tea for cardio-metabolic effects and the necessity to personalize green tea for clinical use, thereby improvising the risk-benefit ratio

Synthesis, Structural and Optical Properties of PVP Encapsulated CdS Nanoparticles

Highly monodispersed CdS nanoparticles using polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as the capping agent were synthesised by chemical coprecipitation method. The surface‐modified cadmium sulfide nanoparticles were found to be remarkably stable. In the presence of PVP, cubic phase with small grain size of CdS were observed in XRD. The peaks were identified to originate from (111), (220) and (311) planes of CdS, respectively. The crystallite size of the synthesised CdS nanoparticles was about 3 nm calculated from the (111) plane of XRD pattern and it was also confirmed through HRTEM. Morphology and elemental mapping of the synthesised nanoparticles were studied by SEM and EDX analyses. Increase in the band gap with decrease in the particle size was observed from the reflectance mode UV spectrum, which confirms the quantum confinement effect. From the photoluminescence studies, enhanced near‐band‐edge blue light emission and significantly reduced defect‐related green emission were observed. Longitudinal optical (LO) phonon modes, corresponds to pure CdS were observed in Raman spectrum

Piperlongumine is a ligand for the orphan nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1)

Piperlongumine and derivatives are being developed as anticancer agents which act primarily as inducers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cell lines. Many of the anticancer activities of piperlongumine resemble those observed for bis-indole derived compounds that bind the orphan nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1) and act as inverse receptor agonists to inhibit NR4A1-regulated pro-oncogenic pathways and genes. In this study we show that like other NR4A1 inverse agonists piperlongumine inhibited RKO, SW480 and HCT116 colon cancer cell growth migration and invasion and induced apoptosis. Piperlongumine also downregulated the pro-reductant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and thioredoxin domain-containing 5 (TXNDC5) gene products resulting in the induction of ROS as previously observed for other inverse NR4A1 agonists. ROS also induced sestrin2 and this resulted in activation of AMPK phosphorylation and inhibition of mTOR pathway signaling. It has previously been reported that these pathways/genes are also regulated by inverse NR4A1 agonists or by knockdown of NR4A1. We also observed that piperlongumine directly bound NR4A1, inhibited NR4A1-dependent transactivation and interactions of the NR4A1/Sp1 complex bound to the GC-rich promoter of the NR4A1-regulated G9a gene

The effects of aging and dual task performance on language production

This is an electronic version of an article published in Kemper, S., Schmalzried, R., Herman, R., Leedahl, S., & Mohankumar, D. (2009). The effects of aging and dual task performance on language production. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 16, 241-259. PM#2674132. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition is available online at www.taylorandfrancis.comA digital pursuit rotor task was used to measure dual task costs of language production by young and older adults. After training on the pursuit rotor, participants were asked to track the moving target while providing a language sample. When simultaneously engaged, young adults experienced greater dual task costs to tracking, fluency, and grammatical complexity than older adults. Older adults were able to preserve their tracking performance by speaking more slowly. Individual differences in working memory, processing speed, and Stroop interference affected vulnerability to dual task costs. These results demonstrate the utility of using a digital pursuit rotor to study the effects of aging and dual task demands on language production and confirm prior findings that young and older adults use different strategies to accommodate to dual task demands