Efecto del extracto de cáscara de granada tunecina sobre la estabilidad oxidativa del aceite de maíz en condiciones de calentamiento

The effect of pomegranate peel extract (PPE) on the oxidative stability of corn oil during heating was studied. Oxidation was followed by determining peroxide value (PV), p-anisidine value (p-AV), free fatty acid value (FFA), conjugated dienes (CD), conjugated trienes hydroperoxides (CT) and the calculated total oxidation value (TOTOX). Polyphenol (TPC) and ortho-diphenol (TOPC) contents as well as the antioxidant activity of each oil sample were evaluated before and after heating. PPE showed a significant inhibitory effect on lipid oxidation. Heating samples for 8 hours supplemented by PPE to a level of 1000 ppm resulted in the highest significant decreases in investigated indices compared to the control and BHT values. It was concluded that the antioxidant activity of PPE delayed oxidation and can be used in the food industry to prevent and reduce lipid deterioration in oil.Se estudió el efecto del extracto de cáscara de granada (ECG) sobre la estabilidad oxidativa del aceite de maíz durante condiciones de calentamiento. La oxidación se siguió mediante la determinación del índice de peróxido (IP), el índice de p-anisidina (p-AV), el índice de acidez (IA), los dienos conjugados (DC), los hidroperóxidos de trienos conjugados (TC) y el valor calculado de la oxidación total (TOTOX). Se evaluó el contenido de polifenoles totales (PT) y de orto-difenoles (o-DF), así como la actividad antioxidante de cada muestra de aceite, antes y después del calentamiento. El ECG mostró un efecto inhibidor significativo sobre la oxidación de lípidos. El calentamiento de las muestras, durante 8 horas suplementadas con ECG a un nivel de 1000 ppm, dio como resultado una significativa disminución de los índices investigados en relación con los valores de control y con BHT. Se concluyó que la actividad antioxidante de los ECG retrasó la oxidación y que se puede utilizar en la industria alimentaria para prevenir y reducir el deterioro de los lípidos del aceite

The intake of high fat diet with different trans fatty acid levels differentially induces oxidative stress and non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Trans</it>-fatty acids (TFA) are known as a risk factor for coronary artery diseases, insulin resistance and obesity accompanied by systemic inflammation, the features of metabolic syndrome. Little is known about the effects on the liver induced by lipids and also few studies are focused on the effect of foods rich in TFAs on hepatic functions and oxidative stress. This study investigates whether high-fat diets with different TFA levels induce oxidative stress and liver dysfunction in rats.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Male Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups (n = 12/group): C receiving standard-chow; Experimental groups that were fed high-fat diet included 20% fresh soybean oil diet (FSO), 20% oxidized soybean oil diet (OSO) and 20% margarine diet (MG). Each group was kept on the treatment for 4 weeks.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A liver damage was observed in rats fed with high-fat diet via increase of liver lipid peroxidation and decreased hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase). The intake of oxidized oil led to higher levels of lipid peroxidation and a lower concentration of plasma antioxidants in comparison to rats fed with FSO. The higher inflammatory response in the liver was induced by MG diet. Liver histopathology from OSO and MG groups showed respectively moderate to severe cytoplasm vacuolation, hypatocyte hypertrophy, hepatocyte ballooning, and necroinflammation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>It seems that a strong relationship exists between the consumption of TFA in the oxidized oils and lipid peroxidation and non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The extent of the peroxidative events in liver was also different depending on the fat source suggesting that feeding margarine with higher TFA levels may represent a direct source of oxidative stress for the organism. The present study provides evidence for a direct effect of TFA on NAFLD.</p

Carcinome adenoïde kystique du sinus maxillaire : a propos d’une observation

Introduction : Le carcinome adénoïde kystique anciennement appelé cylindrome est une tumeur épithéliale maligne rare représentant 10% des tumeurs malignes nasosinuiennes.Objectif : Nous rapportons un cas de carcinome adénoïde kystique du sinus maxillaire et nous discutons particularités cliniques, histologiques, les modalités thérapeutiques ainsi que les facteurs pronostiques de cette entité.Observation : Il s’agit d’une patiente âgée de 40 ans, ayant consulté pour une obstruction nasale chronique gauche évoluant depuis plus d’une année associée à une anosmie et une épistaxis unilatérale récidivante. L’endoscopie nasale avait objectivé une formation polyploïde blanchâtre comblant la fosse nasale gauche. Le scanner du massif facial avait montré un comblement de la fosse nasale et du sinus maxillaire gauches avec érosion osseuse. Une biopsie de la lésion était en faveur d’un adénome pléomorphe, la patiente a été opérée par voie para latéro-nasale gauche. L’histologie définitive a conclu à un carcinome adénoïde kystique. Le bilan d’extension à distance était négatif. La patiente a eu une radiothérapie post opératoire. On n’a pas noté de récidive après un recul de 4 ans.Conclusion : Le carcinome adénoïde kystique nasosinusien est une tumeur rare souvent diagnostiquée à un stade avancé du fait d’une croissance lente. Son potentiel évolutif est marqué par une incidence élevée de récidives locales et des métastases à distance pouvant apparaitre plusieurs années après le traitement de la tumeur primitive.Mots clés : sinus maxillaire, carcinome, adénoïde kystique.Introduction : Adenoid cystic carcinoma initially called cylindroma is a rare malignant epithelial tumor, that accounts for 10% of all malignancies of the sinonasal tract.Purpose : we report a case of adénoid cystic carcinoma of the maxillary sinus, and discuss through a review of literature its histoclinical features, therapeutic modalities and prognosis factors.Case report : A 40-year-old woman presented with a left chronic nasal obstruction associated with anosmia and recurrrent homolateral epistaxis. Nasal endoscopy revealed white polypoid mass of the left nasal cavity. A computed tomography performed, showed a filling of left sinonasal cavities with bone invasion. A biopsy made the diagnosis of plémorphic adenoma. A paralatéro-nasal external surgery was done. Final histological examination concluded to the diagnosis of cystic adénoid carcinoma. Post operative radiotherapy was performed. There were no local recurrence or distant metastases during 4 years of follow-up.Conclusion : Sinonasal adénoid cystic carcinoma is a rare tumor characterized by a slow growth rate. The best treatment is complete surgical resection. This tumor is characterized by the occurrence of local recurrence and distant metastases often several years after treatment of the primary tumor.Key-words : maxillary carcinoma, carcinoma, adenoid cystic

Fibroepithelial polyps of the urethra in infants: A report of three cases

Fibroepithelial polyps of the urethra (FEPU) are rare entity in infancy. They are congenital benign tumors. Most patients present with acute retention, hematuria or intermittent bladder outlet obstruction. The treatment of choice is transurethral endoscopic resection. Histological study confirms the diagnosis and the prognosis is excellent. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of three male patients with fibroepithelial polyps of the urethra that were diagnosed and treated in the department of pediatric surgery of Monastir. The diagnosis was based on voiding cystourethrogram and cystourethroscopy. The treatment was endoscopic resection and histology confirmed the diagnosis in all cases