Load Balancing in Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Ad hoc networks consist of a set of homogeneous nodes (computers or embedded devices) that move in an independent fashion and communicate with the other node in the topology over a wireless channel. Such networks are logically realized as a set of clusters by grouping together nodes which are in close proximity with one another or through another wireless node. Clusters are formed by clubbing together nodes along the wireless links. Cluster Heads are the nodes which communicate with the other nodes that it can cover under its communication range. Cluster Heads form a virtual backbone and may be used to route packets for nodes in their cluster. Nodes, being in an Ad Hoc network, are presumed to have a non-deterministic mobility pattern. Different heuristics employ different policies to elect Cluster Heads. Many of these policies are biased in favor of some nodes. As a result, these nodes shoulder greater responsibility which may deplete their energy faster due higher number of communication made, causing them to drop out of the network. Therefore, there is a need for load-balancing among Cluster Heads to allow all nodes the opportunity to serve as a Cluster Head. I propose a few enhancements to existing algorithms to remove the unbalanced distribution of nodes under the Cluster Heads and increase the active life of a node in a network

FREE VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF ORTHOTROPIC LAMINATED COMPOSITE PLATES USING FIRST ORDER SHEAR DEFORMATION THEORY

In this paper free vibration analysis of orthotropic laminated composite plates using first order shear deformation theory. The existing first-order shear deformation theory contains five unknowns but present first order shear deformation theory contains only four unknowns and has many similarity with the classical plate theory such as equation of motion, boundary condition and stress resultant expressions. The equation of motion and boundary condition are derived from Hamilton’s Principle for the calculation of frequency analysis of orthotropic laminated composite plates. Analytical closed form solution of simply supported anti-symmetric cross-ply and angle-ply laminated composite are obtained and results are compared with the exact three dimensional solution. Comparison studies shows that the present theory can achieve the same accuracy as of the existing first order shear deformation theory which has more number of unknowns

TYPE II DNA: when the interfacial energy becomes negative

An important step in transcription of a DNA base sequence to a protein is the initiation from the exact starting point, called promoter region. We propose a physical mechanism for identification of the promoter region, which relies on a new classification of DNAs into two types, Type-I and Type-II, like superconductors, depending on the sign of the energy of the interface separating the zipped and the unzipped phases. This is determined by the energies of helical ordering and stretching over two independent length scales. The negative interfacial energy in Type II DNA leads to domains of helically ordered state separated by defect regions, or blobs, enclosed by the interfaces. The defect blobs, pinned by non-coding promoter regions, would be physically distinct from all other types of bubbles. We also show that the order of the melting transition under a force is different for Type I and Type II.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, Eq.(4) corrected in 4th versio

Deep Filter Banks for Texture Recognition, Description, and Segmentation

Visual textures have played a key role in image understanding because they convey important semantics of images, and because texture representations that pool local image descriptors in an orderless manner have had a tremendous impact in diverse applications. In this paper we make several contributions to texture understanding. First, instead of focusing on texture instance and material category recognition, we propose a human-interpretable vocabulary of texture attributes to describe common texture patterns, complemented by a new describable texture dataset for benchmarking. Second, we look at the problem of recognizing materials and texture attributes in realistic imaging conditions, including when textures appear in clutter, developing corresponding benchmarks on top of the recently proposed OpenSurfaces dataset. Third, we revisit classic texture represenations, including bag-of-visual-words and the Fisher vectors, in the context of deep learning and show that these have excellent efficiency and generalization properties if the convolutional layers of a deep model are used as filter banks. We obtain in this manner state-of-the-art performance in numerous datasets well beyond textures, an efficient method to apply deep features to image regions, as well as benefit in transferring features from one domain to another

Nonequilibrium tricriticality in one dimension

We show the existence of a nonequilibrium tricritical point induced by a repulsive interaction in one dimensional asymmetric exclusion process. The tricritical point is associated with the particle-hole symmetry breaking introduced by the repulsion. The phase diagram and the crossover in the neighbourhood of the tricritical point for the shock formation at one of the boundaries are determined.Comment: 6 pages; 4 figure

Magnetic and electrical properties of RCo2Mn (R=Ho, Er) compounds

The RCo2Mn (R= Ho and Er) alloys, crystallizing in the cubic MgCu2-type structure, are isostructural to RCo2 compounds. The excess Mn occupies both the R and the Co atomic positions. Magnetic, electrical and heat capacity measurements have been done in these comounds. The Curie temperature is found to be 248 K and 222 K for HoCo2Mn and ErCo2Mn respectively, which are considerably higher than that of the corresponding RCo2 compounds. Saturation magnetization values calculated in these samples are less compared to that of the corresponding RCo2 compounds. Heat capacity data have been fitted with the nonmagnetic contribution with Debye temperature =250 K and electronic coefficient=26 mJ mol^-1K^-2.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, 2 table

Maternal and fetal factors observed with late preterm births

Backround: Although neonatal morbidity and mortality rates are fallen in recent decades, the prevalence of preterm deliveries has increased especially late preterm births. Late preterm deliveries are at increased risk of various neonatal complications compared to term deliveries.This study was carried out to identify the maternal characteristics and co-morbidites found with late preterm births and feto-maternal outcome in terms of indication of delivery, route of delivery, Apgar score and NICU admissions.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Indian armed forces between Jan 2011 to Dec 2012 where 248 late preterm deliveries were analysed.Results: 56% women had spontaneous late preterm births and 44% women were induced. 23% of patients had history of 1 or more prior abortion and 13% patients had previous fetal deaths among the patients had late preterm delivery. Common maternal morbidities in mother delivering late preterm were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (20.6%), anaemia (14.5%) and preterm premature rupture of membrane (13.7%). 4.8% newborns had Apgar ≤ 7 and 10% newborns required NICU admissions.Conclusion: Higher incidences of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, anaemia and preterm premature rupture of membrane were found with late preterm birth and 10% of newborns required NICU care.