Dark Matter Search Perspectives with GAMMA-400

GAMMA-400 is a future high-energy gamma-ray telescope, designed to measure the fluxes of gamma-rays and cosmic-ray electrons + positrons, which can be produced by annihilation or decay of dark matter particles, and to survey the celestial sphere in order to study point and extended sources of gamma-rays, measure energy spectra of Galactic and extragalactic diffuse gamma-ray emission, gamma-ray bursts, and gamma-ray emission from the Sun. GAMMA-400 covers the energy range from 100 MeV to ~3000 GeV. Its angular resolution is ~0.01 deg(Eg > 100 GeV), and the energy resolution ~1% (Eg > 10 GeV). GAMMA-400 is planned to be launched on the Russian space platform Navigator in 2019. The GAMMA-400 perspectives in the search for dark matter in various scenarios are presented in this paperComment: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to the Proceedings of the International Cosmic-Ray Conference 2013, Brazil, Rio de Janeir

One for All—A Highly Efficient and Versatile Method for Fluorescent Immunostaining in Fish Embryos

Background: For the detection and sub-cellular (co)-localization of proteins in the context of the tissue or organism immunostaining in whole mount preparations or on sections is still the best approach. So far, each antibody required its own fixation and antigen retrieval protocol so that optimizing immunostaining turned out to be tedious and time consuming. Methodology/Principal Finding: Here we present a novel method to efficiently retrieve the antigen in a widely applicable standard protocol, facilitating fluorescent immunostaining of both cryosections and whole mount preparations in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and medaka (Oryzias latipes). Conclusions/Significance: Our method overcomes the loss of sections and damage of tissue and cell morphology, and allows parallel immunostaining in multiple colors, co-immunostaining with fluorescent proteins in transgenic fish lines and in combination with whole mount in situ hybridization

The Role of Glypicans in Wnt Inhibitory Factor-1 Activity and the Structural Basis of Wif1's Effects on Wnt and Hedgehog Signaling

Proper assignment of cellular fates relies on correct interpretation of Wnt and Hedgehog (Hh) signals. Members of the Wnt Inhibitory Factor-1 (WIF1) family are secreted modulators of these extracellular signaling pathways. Vertebrate WIF1 binds Wnts and inhibits their signaling, but its Drosophila melanogaster ortholog Shifted (Shf) binds Hh and extends the range of Hh activity in the developing D. melanogaster wing. Shf activity is thought to depend on reinforcing interactions between Hh and glypican HSPGs. Using zebrafish embryos and the heterologous system provided by D. melanogaster wing, we report on the contribution of glypican HSPGs to the Wnt-inhibiting activity of zebrafish Wif1 and on the protein domains responsible for the differences in Wif1 and Shf specificity. We show that Wif1 strengthens interactions between Wnt and glypicans, modulating the biphasic action of glypicans towards Wnt inhibition; conversely, glypicans and the glypican-binding “EGF-like” domains of Wif1 are required for Wif1's full Wnt-inhibiting activity. Chimeric constructs between Wif1 and Shf were used to investigate their specificities for Wnt and Hh signaling. Full Wnt inhibition required the “WIF” domain of Wif1, and the HSPG-binding EGF-like domains of either Wif1 or Shf. Full promotion of Hh signaling requires both the EGF-like domains of Shf and the WIF domains of either Wif1 or Shf. That the Wif1 WIF domain can increase the Hh promoting activity of Shf's EGF domains suggests it is capable of interacting with Hh. In fact, full-length Wif1 affected distribution and signaling of Hh in D. melanogaster, albeit weakly, suggesting a possible role for Wif1 as a modulator of vertebrate Hh signaling

Television pictures of Phobos: first results

In February-March 1989, 37 television images of the Martian satellite Phobos were obtained by the Phobos 2 spacecraft from distances of 200-1100 km. These images provide an important supplement to the TV data from the American Mariner 9 and Viking spacecraft in coverage of t4e surface of Phobos and in resolution in certain regions, in spectral range, and in range of phase angles. They make it possible to refine the figure and topographic and geological maps of the surface of Phobos, its spectral and angular reflective characteristics, the surface composition and texture, and characteristics of the orbital and librational motion

New predictive factors determining the clinical flow of oral mucositis in patients with plane-cellar cancer of oropharyngeal region

Mucositis is a common and severe complication of cancer treatment. The use of herbal medicinal products in patients with malignant tumors of the oral mucosa and maxillofacial region can be considered as one of the promising methods for the prevention and treatment of mucositis. The effectiveness of local treatment of mucositis may be identified through evaluation of hemomicrocirculation in the mucous membrane of the oral cavity. In 2016-2017 years, we evaluated microcirculation parameter (MP) of the oral mucosa in four randomly selected points from 23 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharyngeal region subjected to radiation therapy in combination with the use of long-acting plant-based medications. The study was performed in the “Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenology and Radiology” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The results confirm the efficiency of these drugs for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis compared with the common methods of mouth irrigations with a decoction of chamomile and oleotherapy. Indicators of hemomicrocirculation in oral mucosa in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharyngeal region appeared to depend on the severity of the clinical manifestation of mucositis

The effects of antiseptics miramistin and chlorhexidine on oral cavity of patients with chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis

The immunological studies were carried out and the evaluation of immunological effectiveness of antiseptic agents in the treatment of patients with chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis is given. The results showed different nature of miramistin’s and chlorhexidine’s impact on local immunity of an oral cavity

Pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory processes in the maxillofacial area (peri-implantitis and periodontitis) and squamous cell carcinoma: similarities and differences (review)

Currently, intraosseous dental implantation is one of the most widely used methods to eliminate various defects of the dentition. Despite the achievements of modern medicine, the frequency of inflammatory complications, such as peri-implantitis, in patients after dental implantation remains relatively high. Some authors suggest the presence of similarity of peri-implantitis with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity at the level of pathogenesis, as well as cases of mimicry of these different nosological units are described. In this review, we study the pathogenetic mechanisms of the emergence and development of chronic inflammatory processes on the example of dental peri-implantitis, squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and periodontitis, as well as the comparison of pathogenetic patterns of these processes with the study of the possible relationship. The objective of the review was to provide readers with knowledge about the common pathogenetic mechanisms of different nosological units. First of all, the data are necessary for dentists, who must remember the principle of cancer alertness, carefully carry out differential diagnosis, change the tactics of treatment of peri-implantitis with suspected tumor process

The estimatin of leves of bioamines in the blood cells by infuzion ozone therapy at patients with parodontitis

Here are the results of studying the levels of histamine, serotonin and catecholamines of the blood cells by infusion ozone therapy at patients with parodontitis. It is established that the bioamines in the blood cells is depended on sex and age of a patient, a stage and intensity of inflammatory process

COMPUTER SIMULATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC LOG SENSOR STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS

Subject of Research.The problems of insufficient strength of the EM log sensor are studied. The EM log sensor design for deep-sea vehicles is analyzed; a mathematical model of EM log sensor is built. The design and technological solutions that improve the performance of this type of log are shown. Method. The study was performed using the finite element method in the ANSYS software. The calculations were performed in the static structural module, in which the load was created in the way that simulated the external hydrostatic pressure. To check the reproducibility the analysis of model was carried out by built-in assessment of the quality elements. All materials are taken to be isotropic. Main Results. The ways of increasing the strength of outboard tools for measuring the ship speed are presented. Calculating results of the stress-strain state of devices under the influence of seawater at various depths were obtained by the method of finite element analysis. The technological features of the sensor production are shown. The recommendations for changing the log construction to increase its strength, supported by computer modeling, are given. Practical Relevance. The discussed ways of increasing the strength of the device enable to expand implementation area. The results can be applied in the modernization of the design and construction of new EM log sensor operating at high pressures