Zheng Yi. Scarlet memorial : tales of cannibalism in modern China

This article reviews the book Scarlet Memorial: Tales of Cannibalism in Modem China , written by Zheng Yi, translated and edited by T. P. Sym

Effects of Intensive N-K Fertilization on Exchangeable Ca and K in a Soil Profile

Over a 4-yr period fertilizers having three N and five K levels in a factorial arrangement were applied in a replicated, randomized complete block design to coastal bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) growing on a Pembroke silt loam just north of Fayetteville. In the spring of the fifth year (1972) soil samples were taken from a 3.67-m profile of each plot. Nine depth samples from the profile of each plot were analyzed for exchangeable K and Ca. Potassium fertilizer, especially at the higher rates, and where no N was applied, greatly increased exchangeable K levels only in the top 45 cm of the profile; however, exchangeable Ca levels were decreased markedly in these same upper soil layers, and increased greatly at lower levels in the profile. The first increment of N reduced this effect of K fertilizer on exchangeable Ca, probably because of increased plant growth that resulted from N fertilization; this increased growth removed a larger portion of the fertilizer K. At the higher N rate the net change in exchangeable Ca was greater, but more varied between K treatments, with the highest level of N and K resulting in a net loss of Ca from the 3.67-m profile sampled

DERMATITIS ARTEFACTA AND SEXUAL ABUSE

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65276/1/j.1365-4362.1993.tb02776.x.pd

In vitro Culture of Several Rice Cultivars

Tissue culture methods have been established to regenerate certain rice (Oryza sativa L) cultivars, but regeneration of the rice cultivars widely grown in Arkansas has not been reported. This study has established an in vitroculture for the rice cultivars \u27Nortai\u27, \u27Starbonnet\u27, \u27Mars\u27, Tebonnet\u27, \u27Newbonnet\u27, and \u27Lemont\u27. Callus was induced in the dark at either 20 or 28 C from dehusked seeds cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) containing 40 g L^-1 sucrose, 10 g L^1 agar, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg L^-1 1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and adjusted to pH 5.7. After four weeks the calli were weighed, transferred onto MS medium containing no 2,4-D, and maintained in a 1 2-h photoperiod (65 uE m^-2 s^-1) at 25 ± 2 C to induce plant regeneration. Callus production was best when cultured on a medium containing 1.0 mg L^-1 2,4-D and incubated at 28 C. Plant regeneration was observed two to four weeks later. The percentage of calli regenerating platlets varied with the cultivar and the callus induction treatment. Callus induction at 20 C on a medium with a 2,4-D level less than 2.0 mg L^-1 enhanced the regenerability of most cultivars. Regenerates were transplanted to soil and grow normally to maturity. This system can be helpful in improving rice cultivars with tissue culture techniques such as somaclonal variant selection and somatic hybridization

Helminth and Protozoan Parasites of Subterranean Rodents (Chordata, Mammalia, Rodentia) of the World

Published studies and ten new unpublished records included herein reveal that approximately 174 species of endoparasites (helminths and protozoans) are known from 65 of 163 species of rodents that occupy the subterranean ecotope globally. Of those, 94 endoparasite species were originally described from these rodents. A total of 282 host-parasite associations are summarized from four major zoogeographic regions including Ethiopian, Palearctic/Oriental, Nearctic, and Neotropical. Thirty-four parasite records from the literature have been identified to only the level of the genus. In this summary, ten new records have been added, and the most current taxonomic status of each parasite species is noted. Interestingly, there are no data on endoparasites from more than 68% of described subterranean rodents, which indicates that discovery and documentation are at an early stage and must continue

Preface

The papers included in this section were derived from the topical presentations including but not limited to parasite zoonoses, mammal parasite ecology, and mammal parasite biodiversity given at the IX International Mammalogical Congress (IMC9) held in 31 July-5 August 2005 in Sapporo, Japan

Increasing Interest in Parasitology at the Past Three International Mammalogical Congresses Held in 1997, 2001 and 2005: Mammals, Parasites, Zoonoses and Biodiversity

We summarized the data from the past three TTC (now IMC) meetings to examine the potential trends in presentation of parasites of mammals at the meeting. The lists include titles and authors of papers given in symposia, poster sessions, and oral presentations related to diseases, zoonoses, parasites, and causative agents of diseases of sylvatic mammals. Our analysis shows that there has been an increase in the number of papers (from 2.8% in 1997 to 5.1% in 2005) presented at the International Mammalogical Meetings. We also show that there are potentially more than 27,000 species of parasites (broadly defined) currently inhabiting the more than 5,400 species of extant mammals. To understand ecological biodiversity, it is necessary to know the complete mammal, including both ecto- and endosymbionts, and the systematics of the mammal itself

Residual Effects of N-K Fertilization of Coastal Bermudagrass on Spring Populations of Weed Species

A Coastal bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) sod was treated during a five-year period with rates of N and K fertilizers ranging from none to high levels of both elements. In the spring of the sixth year differences in weed species and population densities among the treated plots were observed. Spring weed counts showed that high rates of N fertilizer reduced the number of weed species and the total broadleaf weed population density by 37 and 81%, respectively. The higher rates of K fertilizer also reduced the population density of common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber) and yellow toadflax (Linaria vulgaris Hill),the two dominant broadleaf weed species. The grass weed population, predominantly crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis ,L. Scop.) was not affected significantly by either N or K fertilizer levels

Conservation Status and Natural History of \u3ci\u3eCtenomys\u3c/i\u3e, Tuco-Tucos in Bolivia

The genus Ctenomys consists of about 70 species and in addition to the Geomyidae of the Nearctic, Neotropical tuco-tucos represent a well-documented case of diversification in the subterranean biotype. Here we will: i) Provide an updated summary of the natural history of the 12 species of extant tuco-tucos from Bolivia; ii) Update information on distributions of each species; and iii) Using ecological niche modeling, evaluate recent and projected habitat transformation or habitat degradation within the known range of each species to provide a preliminary assessment of the preservation or conservation status of ctenomyids within Bolivia. We follow Gardner et al. (2014) and combine species summaries with both updated published and new data to compile a complete list of known extant species of tuco-tucos from Bolivia. Occurrence data for Ctenomys in Bolivia and surrounding areas were extracted from the database Arctos and GBIF. All individual specimen-based locality records were checked and georeferenced by referring to original museum collection records. We created species distribution models for the species with enough locality records using climate and soil data, while for the rest of the species we estimated the ranges based on the known occurrence localities. Finally, we quantified the amount of large-scale habitat conversion occurring within each species range, as well as the potential effect of climatic change on species distribution. Here we present information regarding the biology of tuco-tuco (Ctenomys) species known to occur in Bolivia, including unpublished natural history data such as habitat association, interactions and activity patterns gathered by the authors through extensive field work. Besides this, we estimated the current distribution of Ctenomys species, quantified large-scale habitat transformation within each species range and assessed the potential effect of climatic change on five tuco-tuco species. We found that the habitats within the ranges of C. boliviensis and C. steinbachi have experienced significant land-cover conversions in recent years. We also show that C. opimus, as well as the above mentioned species are expected to undergo range contractions resulting from climatic change by 2070. Our review shows that there is a dearth of information regarding natural history, taxonomy and distribution for many Bolivian tuco-tuco species. Nonetheless, the information presented here can be a tool for directing and focusing field studies of these species. This is of great importance if we take into account that most of the Bolivian tuco-tucos are subject to one or several conservation/preservation threats. These include: Habitat destruction via land use or climatic changes in conjunction with geographic ranges of Ctenomys that are small in areal extent and which in many cases are not adequately covered by protected areas. Appended data Supplement 1 Spreadsheet with all values and definitions used in the ecological niche models for the current paper: Conservation status and Natural History of Ctenomys, Tuco‐Tucos in Bolivia. Supplement 2 Spreadsheet with all individual specimen data used in the ecological niche models for the current paper: Conservation Status and Natural History of Ctenomys, Tuco‐Tucos in Bolivia

Automatic eduction and statistical analysis of coherent structures in the wall region of a confine plane

This paper describes a vortex detection algorithm used to expose and statistically characterize the coherent flow patterns observable in the velocity vector fields measured by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) in the impingement region of air curtains. The philosophy and the architecture of this algorithm are presented. Its strengths and weaknesses are discussed. The results of a parametrical analysis performed to assess the variability of the response of our algorithm to the 3 user-specified parameters in our eduction scheme are reviewed. The technique is illustrated in the case of a plane turbulent impinging twin-jet with an opening ratio of 10. The corresponding jet Reynolds number, based on the initial mean flow velocity U0 and the jet width e, is 14000. The results of a statistical analysis of the size, shape, spatial distribution and energetic content of the coherent eddy structures detected in the impingement region of this test flow are provided. Although many questions remain open, new insights into the way these structures might form, organize and evolve are given. Relevant results provide an original picture of the plane turbulent impinging jet