Effect of Sulfur and Boron Nutrition on Yield and Quality of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Grown in an Acid Soil

Soybean (Glycine max L.), being a leguminous oilseed crop, requires relatively higher amount of sulfur (S) and boron (B) for optimum yield and quality. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of S and B application on growth, yield, and quality of soybean, and to find out their optimum doses for the best crop performance in acidic soils of northeast India. The treatments comprised four levels of S (0, 20, 40, and 60 kg/ha) and four levels of B (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 kg/ha) in factorial combination. In general, application of S and B, either alone or in combination, significantly increased the growth, yield, and quality of soybean. When applied alone, S resulted in best yield (1767 kg/ha) at S 40 , which was 21.2% higher than the yield at control (1458 kg/ha), while B produced maximum yield (1578 kg/ha) at B 1.5 (8.23% higher than control). Interestingly, 57.4% yield improvement over control was recorded with combined application of S 40 and B 1.5 , which shows their synergistic effect on crop performance. Similarly, with concurrent application of S 40 and B 1.5 , a 28% increase in protein and 33% increase in oil content of soybean were recorded relative to control. In general, S 40  + B 1.5 also resulted in the highest nutrient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium sulfur, and boron (NPKSB) uptake by soybean. Based on these results, we recommend the conjunctive use of 40 kg S and 1.5 kg B/ha for the best yield and quality of soybean on acidic soils of northeast India and other regions with similar soils

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Not AvailableA massive bovine, Bos frontalis, also known as Mithun or Gayal, found at higher altitude is very promising meat and milk animal. For candidate gene and marker discovery, RNA-seq data was generated from longissimus dorsi muscle tissues with Illumina-HiSeq. Such markers can be used in future for genetic gain of traits like feed conversion efficiency (FCE) and average daily gain (ADG). Analysis revealed 297differentially expressed genes (DEGs) having 173 up and 124 down-regulated unigenes. Extensive conservation was found in genic region while comparing with Bos taurus. Analysis revealed 57 pathways having 112 enzymes, 72 transcriptional factors and cofactors, 212 miRNAs regulating 71 DEGs, 25,855 SSRs, mithun-specific 104,822 variants and 7288 indels, gene regulatory network (GRN) having 24 hub-genes and transcriptional factors regulating cell proliferation, immune tolerance and myogenesis. This is first report of muscle transcriptome depicting candidate genes with GRN controlling FCE and ADG. Reported putative molecular markers, candidate genes and hub proteins can be valuable genomic resources for association studies in genetic improvement programme.Not Availabl

Genome wide association and gene validation studies for early root vigor to improve direct seeding of rice

Elucidation of the genetic control of rice seedling vigour is now paramount with global shifts towards direct seeding of rice and the consequent demand for early vigor traits in breeding programs. In a genome wide association study using an indica‐predominantdiversity panel we identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for root length and root number in rice seedlings. Among the identified QTLs, one QTL for lateral root number on chromosome 11, qTIPS‐11, explained was associated with a 32.4% increase in lateral root number. The locus was validated in independent backgrounds and a predicted glycosyl hydrolase, TIPS‐11‐9, was identified as the causal gene for observed phenotypic differences. TIPS‐11‐9 was differentially expressed in emerging lateral roots of contrasting qTIPS‐11 haplotypes, which was likely due to differences in cis‐regulatory elements and auxin‐responsiveness. Abolishment of Tips‐11‐9 function through T‐DNA insertion in a qTIPS‐11‐positive background resulted in a reduction of lateral root number, which negatively affected biomass accumulation, particularly under phosphorous‐limiting conditions. Marker‐assisted introgression of qTIPS‐11 into modern indica varieties will aid in the generation of varieties adapted to direct seeding and thus facilitate the adoption of direct seeding practices in tropical Asia