Relatedness and Population Differentiation in a Colonial Butterfly, Eucheira socialis (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Eucheira socialis (Westwood) occurs above 1,800 m in mountains throughout Mexico and has a remarkable suite of autapomorphies, including communal larval nests and a mean primary sex ratio of 70% males. We gathered allozyme data for 31 loci from individuals within nests within populations and used hierarchical F statistics to assess population structure and relatedness at these levels. Allozyme variation was far lower than reported in most Lepidoptera, and was absent from the populations sampled from southern Mexico. Among 5 sample sites distributed throughout Mexico, differentiation was high (FST = 0.54), which is consistent with a history of interrupted gene flow. At lower hierarchical levels in the variable populations, we found significant excess heterozygotes within nests (FIN = −0.15) and evidence for structuring within subpopulations (FIS =0.015, significantly greater than FIN). Average relatedness among nestmates was rNS = 0.28, which is significantly less than r = 0.5. This is probably caused largely by interchange among nests on multinest trees. ADAM H. PORTE

Speciation in the Emerald Toucanet (*Aulacorhynchus prasinus*) complex

We analyzed genetic variation in the Emerald Toucanet (Aulacorhynchus prasinus), a species complex that ranges primarily along the montane forests of southern and eastern Mexico south to Bolivia. Segments of three mitochondrial DNA genes (cytochrome b, ND2, and ND3) were sequenced for a total of 1,159 base pairs. Using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian analysis,we found a set of seven differentiated populations that correspond to clear geographic breaks throughout the highlands of the Neotropics. These genetically distinct populations also correspond with the geographic breaks found in previous analyses of morphological data. Molecular evidence suggests species treatment for four of the Central American clades and three South American clades. Received 19 June 2006, accepted 28 January 2007

Lista de las mariposas del estado de Jalisco, México

A list of the butterflies of the state of Jalisco, México, is presented, which includes 608 species, in 308 genera, and in 22 subfamilies of both superfamilies of the Rhopalocera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea. This list was obtained from a detailed faunistic work presenting all known localities in Jalisco from which each butterfly species is known. In gathering data for this list, more than 11 museums and institutional collections in México and the United States were examined, and all available bibliographic references (monographs, revisions, faunistic works, and others) which apply to Jalisco butterflies were examined over the last 12 years by the authors. The richness of Jalisco's butterfly fauna is illustrated and comparad to other Mexican states