892 research outputs found
On the Thermodynamical Relation between Rotating Charged BTZ Black Holes and Effective String Theory
In this paper we study the first law of thermodynamics for the (2+1)
dimensional rotating charged BTZ black hole considering a pair of
thermodinamical systems constructed with the two horizons of this solution. We
show that these two systems are similar to the right and left movers of string
theory and that the temperature associated with the black hole is the harmonic
mean of the temperatures associated with these two systems.Comment: 9 page
Denoising Autoencoders for fast Combinatorial Black Box Optimization
Estimation of Distribution Algorithms (EDAs) require flexible probability
models that can be efficiently learned and sampled. Autoencoders (AE) are
generative stochastic networks with these desired properties. We integrate a
special type of AE, the Denoising Autoencoder (DAE), into an EDA and evaluate
the performance of DAE-EDA on several combinatorial optimization problems with
a single objective. We asses the number of fitness evaluations as well as the
required CPU times. We compare the results to the performance to the Bayesian
Optimization Algorithm (BOA) and RBM-EDA, another EDA which is based on a
generative neural network which has proven competitive with BOA. For the
considered problem instances, DAE-EDA is considerably faster than BOA and
RBM-EDA, sometimes by orders of magnitude. The number of fitness evaluations is
higher than for BOA, but competitive with RBM-EDA. These results show that DAEs
can be useful tools for problems with low but non-negligible fitness evaluation
costs.Comment: corrected typos and small inconsistencie
A Rotating Charged Black Hole Solution in f(R) Gravity
In the context of f(R) theories of gravity, we address the problem of finding
a rotating charged black hole solution in the case of constant curvature. The
new metric is obtained by solving the field equations and we show that the
behavior of it is typical of a rotating charged source. In addition, we analyze
the thermodynamics of the new black hole. The results ensures that the
thermodynamical properties in f(R) gravities are qualitatively similar to those
of standard General Relativity.Comment: 9 pages, no figure
Enhanced Support for High Intensity Users of the Criminal Justice System – an evaluation of mental health nurse input into Integrated Offender Management Services in the North East of England
The current UK Government’s focus on the development of services to manage and support offenders with mental health problems has resulted in a number of innovative project developments. This research examines a service development in the North East of England which co-located Mental Health nurses with two Integrated Offender Management teams. While not solving all problems, the benefits of co-location were clear – although such innovations are now at risk from government changes which will make Integrated Offender Management the responsibility of new providers without compelling them to co-operate with health services
Entropy of the Kerr-Sen Black Hole
We study the entropy of Kerr-Sen black hole of heterotic string theory beyond
semiclassical approximations. Applying the properties of exact differentials
for three variables to the first law thermodynamics we derive the corrections
to the entropy of the black hole. The leading (logarithmic) and non leading
corrections to the area law are obtained.Comment: 8 pages. Corrected references
Induced magnetic anisotropy features in FeCrSiBNbCu nanocrystalline alloy: Role of stress distribution proven by direct X-ray measurements
Fe73.5-xCrxSi13.5B9Nb 3Cu1 (x = 1, 2, and 3) amorphous ribbons were prepared by single roller rapid quenching technique. Both conventional and stress annealing at 520 C for 2 h at the value of the specific load of 150 MPa resulted in the formation of a nanocrystalline structure with average grain size about 13 nm. No significant differences in crystallite size were observed for all samples under consideration. The crystallite orientations were practically isotropic indicating no texture in the samples of all types. For all conventionally annealed ribbons a longitudinal effective magnetic anisotropy with an easy magnetization axis parallel to the ribbon axis was observed. For all stress annealed ribbons a transverse induced magnetic anisotropy with the anisotropy constant value of about 1800 ± 50 J/m3 was evident. Induced magnetic anisotropy features in FeCrSiBNbCu nanocrystalline alloy, namely an importance of the stress distribution was proven by direct X-ray measurements. A very good correlation between the induced magnetic anisotropy constant values and anisotropic stress distribution was observed. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Habitat complexity in aquatic microcosms affects processes driven by detritivores
LF was supported in part by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the project SCARCE Consolider-Ingenio CSD2009-00065.Habitat complexity can influence predation rates (e.g. by providing refuge) but other ecosystem processes and species interactions might also be modulated by the properties of habitat structure. Here, we focussed on how complexity of artificial habitat (plastic plants), in microcosms, influenced short-term processes driven by three aquatic detritivores. The effects of habitat complexity on leaf decomposition, production of fine organic matter and pH levels were explored by measuring complexity in three ways: 1. as the presence vs. absence of habitat structure; 2. as the amount of structure (3 or 4.5 g of plastic plants); and 3. as the spatial configuration of structures (measured as fractal dimension). The experiment also addressed potential interactions among the consumers by running all possible species combinations. In the experimental microcosms, habitat complexity influenced how species performed, especially when comparing structure present vs. structure absent. Treatments with structure showed higher fine particulate matter production and lower pH compared to treatments without structures and this was probably due to higher digestion and respiration when structures were present. When we explored the effects of the different complexity levels, we found that the amount of structure added explained more than the fractal dimension of the structures. We give a detailed overview of the experimental design, statistical models and R codes, because our statistical analysis can be applied to other study systems (and disciplines such as restoration ecology). We further make suggestions of how to optimise statistical power when artificially assembling, and analysing, ‘habitat complexity’ by not confounding complexity with the amount of structure added. In summary, this study highlights the importance of habitat complexity for energy flow and the maintenance of ecosystem processes in aquatic ecosystems.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
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