Anemia During Pregnancy

Anemia during pregnancy is a considerable health problem, with around two-fifths of pregnant women worldwide being anemic. Many gynecological and infectious diseases are predisposing factors for anemia during pregnancy. Anemia during pregnancy—especially the severe form—can lead to various maternal and perinatal adverse effects such as preterm labor, low birth weight, and intrauterine fetal death. It is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. Therefore, preventive measures are needed if anemia and its adverse effects are to be prevented. Iron and folic acid supplements are the cornerstone for the prevention of anemia during pregnancy and one of the earliest preventive measures adopted in antenatal care. Other measures to prevent anemia during pregnancy include the fortification of principle foods with iron, increasing health and nutritional awareness, combating parasitic infections, and improvement in sanitation. There is a controversy concerning the benefit of other elements such as zinc, copper, and magnesium, so the use of these elements is not widely adopted for the prevention of anemia

Editorial – War in Sudan: The Impact on Maternal and Perinatal Health

This is an Editorial and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article in HTML

Abdominal Wall Mycetoma Presented as Obstructed Incisional Hernia of Cesarean Section in Eastern Sudan

Mycetoma a worldwide disease frequently occurs in the tropics with the highest prevalence being in Africa. Madurella mycetomatis is the main causative organism of human eumycetoma in Sudan. The legs and feet were commonly the sites of the infection. A 22-year-old lady was presented with painful abdominal swelling around a previous caesarian section scar. A provisional diagnosis of obstructed incisional hernia was put. Histopathological examination revealed macroscopically four masses of soft tissue. Microscopic sections showed grains of Madurella mycetomatis

Simulation of Water Proofing Building Using Poly Ethylene (PE) Sheets

The research focused on how to use high density poly ethylene )HDPE( sheets in waterproofing operations of floor buildings (bathrooms, kitchens, basements and swimming pools), which uses Bitumen and how the Bitumen is modified by introducing some polymeric materials, until using of forced thermoplastic booster (carbon black or Fiber Glass). In insulation process HDPE sheets is placed under the concrete floor, which displays the sheet pressure and this pressure causes the stresses and deformations in the insulation material by using (solid work program) the geometric design sample dimensions were determined using stress analysis and simulation the input data are the material (HDPE) characteristics such as density, tensile strain, the poison ratio and tear resistance. The applied load on the sheet is a tile weight was analyzed by (solid work program) to determine stresses and deformations that have occurred to the insulation material. Absorption coefficient of moisture conducting test shows the HDPE has an excellent absorption properties to use in waterproofing, when using insulation material under concrete, the concrete dry out after 12 hours; which would lead to more cohesion of cement and concrete. Noting that the concrete without using insulation material will dry within 3 hours

The Prediction of Tear Strength of plain weave fabric Using Linear Regression Models

The aim of the study is to predict the tear strength of plain weave fabric by knowing the yarn count, yarn tensile strength and the fabric linear density. A total of nine fabric samples (produced of three different yarn counts which were 36.88, 29.50 and 9.83 tex) were produced in deferent densities at weft direction which were 4.33, 7.08 and 8.26 threads per cm, while the density was fixed at the warp direction in 9.84 ends per cm . Tensile strength was tested for these fabrics at warp and weft direction. The results were analyzed and incorporated in the Min-Tab program and the development of regression coefficients and correlation between variables to obtain equations to predict the tear strength at warp and weft direction

Assessment of Bottle-Feeding Practices in Kassala, Eastern Sudan: A Community-Based Study

© 2019 Ahmed A. Hassan, Zainab Taha, Mohamed A. Abdulla, AbdelAziem A. Ali, Ishag Adam. BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization encourages exclusive breastfeeding up to six months and avoidance of bottle-feeding. There are few published research articles on the practice of bottle-feeding and associated factors in Sudan. AIM: The study aimed to assess the usage and factors associated with bottle-feeding practices during the first six months of life among mothers with children aged between 6 and 24 months in Kassala, Eastern Sudan. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2017. A structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant data from interviewed mothers. RESULTS: A total of 242 mother-child pairs participated in the study. The mean (standard deviation) of maternal age and children’s age was 27.13 (5.73) years and 12.2 (6.7) months, respectively. From the total, 96/242 (39.7%) used bottle-feeding for their children in the first six months of life. In multivariable analysis, urban residence (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 1.96, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] (1.06, 3.63), not receiving breastfeeding education (AOR 1.92, 95% CI 1.07, 3.45) and child hospitalization (AOR 1.83, 95% CI 1.02, 3.28) were significantly associated with bottle-feeding. CONCLUSION: There was a high usage of bottle-feeding and it was found to be associated with child hospitalisation. To avoid bottle-feeding, urgent actions are required to support and educate mothers regarding breastfeeding with special attention to urban-residence ones

Causes and risk factors of hospitalization among under-five children in kassala, eastern sudan

© 2020 Ahmed A. Hassan, Zainab Taha, Mohammed A. Abdulla, AbdelAziem A. Ali, Ishag Adam. BACKGROUND: According to the World Health Organization estimation, African Region deaths of all under-five deaths in 2015 were over 5 times higher in comparison to the European Region. AIM: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence, investigate the possible causes and risk factors associated with under-five children’s hospitalization in Kassala, Eastern Sudan. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2015 to March 2016. The data were collected by interviewing mothers. RESULTS: A total of 297 mother-child pairs participated in the study. The mean (SD) of maternal age and children’s age was 27.6 (5.9) years and 16 (11.3) months, respectively. One hundred and three children were hospitalized over the past 6 months. The most common mentioned causes for the last hospitalization were gastroenteritis 28.1% (29/103), respiratory tract infections 19.4% (20/103), malaria 9.7% (10/103), and trauma 3.8% (3/103). In multivariable analysis, a high birth order (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.25, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] (1.06, 1.47), low paternal education (AOR 2.89, 95% 1.32, 6.30), and bottle feeding (AOR 2.26, 95% CI 1.30, 3.80) were associated with under-five children’s hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: More than one-third of the children were hospitalized in Eastern Sudan. Urgent action is required to address children’s health issues (i.e., the above-mentioned causes and associated factors)