Hopf Bifurcations in a Watt Governor With a Spring

This paper pursues the study carried out by the authors in "Stability and Hopf bifurcation in a hexagonal governor system", focusing on the codimension one Hopf bifurcations in the hexagonal Watt governor differential system. Here are studied the codimension two, three and four Hopf bifurcations and the pertinent Lyapunov stability coefficients and bifurcation diagrams, ilustrating the number, types and positions of bifurcating small amplitude periodic orbits, are determined. As a consequence it is found an open region in the parameter space where two attracting periodic orbits coexist with an attracting equilibrium point.Comment: 30 pages and 7 figure

Study Effect of Infection With Treponema Palladum at the Level of Antibodies and Some Blood Parameters and its Relationship With Blood Factions

صممت هذه الدراسة لتحديد تأثير الإصابة باللولبية الشاحبة Treponema pallidum  على مستوى الأضداد (Ig M, Ig A, Ig G) والمتممة (C3,C4) وبعض معايير الدم لدى الأشخاص المصابين وعلاقة المرض بفصائل الدم في مدينة النجف الاشرف. حيث  اشتملت الدراسة الحالية على30)) حالة إصابة ببكتيريا اللولبية  الشاحبة و20)) حالة من أشخاص غير مصابين ارتادوا مستشفى الزهراء ومدينة الصدر الطبية ومستشفى الحكيم في محافظة النجف الاشرف للمدة من شهر آب2014 ولغاية شهر شباط  2015 في مختبرات مدينة الصدر الطبية. أظهرت الدراسة الحالية حصول زيادة معنوية في مستوى الأضداد Ig M, Ig G)) وكذلك المتممة4 , حسب المعيار المعنوي( P< 0.001 ) في حين أظهرت الدراسة نقص معنوي في مستوى المتممة 3 (P<0.05 ) وكذلك سجلت الدراسة زيادة معنوية في مستوى بعض معايير الدم وهي كريات الدم البيضاء وكريات الدم الحمراء وMPV, HCT في حين سجلت نقص معنوي في نسبة  MCVلدى المصابين مقارنة بمجموعة السيطرة. كما أوضحت الدراسة ان الأشخاص من  فصيلة الدم A  أكثر  عرضة للإصابة تليها فصيلة الدم B وO في حين لم تسجل أي إصابة في فصيلة الدم AB.The study was conducted on 30   patients and 20 healthy people to determine the influences of infected with Treponema pallidum on levels of IgM , IgA, IgG  ,Complement4 ,complement 3 and some Blood parameters in infected with T. Pallidum also relation disease with blood factions  in compared with healthy group who have visited Al-Sadder Medical City and Al-Hakeem Hospital in Al- Najaf governorate during the period from August 2014 till February 2015 in Al-Sadder Medical City Laboratories .The results showed significant increase (P<0.001) in IgM , IgG  ,Complement4 in T. pallidum infected patients in compared to control group. Furthermore the results showed C3 was significant decreased (P< 0.05) in Treponema Pallidum   infected patients in compared to control group also the results showed significant increase in  WBCs, RBCs ,MPV and HCT level and  significant decrease in MCV in patients compared with control group . The study also showed that the people of blood type A are more prone to infection, followed by blood type B and O, while there  are no injuries to the blood type AB

Toxicopathological, Cytogenetic Effects of Acetothioamide on Female Albino Mice Reproductive System

AIM: To determine toxicopathological and cytogenetic effects of Acetothioamide (ATA) on the female reproductive system. METHODS: Twenty albino female mice were divided equally into two groups: the first group (control) fed with diet pellet. The second group (treated) were inoculated intraperitoneally with a single dose of ATA (100 mg/kg Bw) for 15 days. All mice were sacrificed at the end of the experiment and blood was collected for evaluation of (FSH and LH), serum peroxy nitrate radical concentration. Cytogenetic analysis (chromosomal aberration, micronuclei, mitotic index and blast index) and the histopathological examination on ovary and uterus were done. RESULTS: ATA causes significant reduction (p < 0.0001) for FSH, LH and serum peroxy nitrate radical concentration among treated females. Oophoritis, pyometria, thrombosis and endometrial hyperplasia with granulomatous reaction were reported among treated females mainly in uterus tissue and ovary. CONCLUSION: ATA causes significant reduction for FSH, LH and serum peroxy nitrate concentration among treated females. Oophoritis, pyometria, thrombosis and endometrial hyperplasia with granulomatous reaction were the main pathological changes in uterus tissue and ovary among treated females

Synthesis and Characterization of Cu(I)-Folic Acid Complex A Theoretical and Experimental Study

Copper (I) complex containing folic acid ligand was prepared and characterized on the basis of metal analyses, UV-VIS, FTIR spectroscopies and magnetic susceptibility. The density functional theory (DFT) as molecular modeling calculations was used to determine the donor atoms of folic acid ligand which appear clearly at oxygen atoms binding to hydrogen. Detection of donation sights is supported by theoretical parameters such as geometry, mulliken population, mulliken charge and HOMO-LUMO gap obtained by DFT calculations

White blood cell Indices to predict first trimester missed miscarriage

Objective: To identify the relationship between white blood cell indices in missed miscarriage compared to ongoing pregnancy in the first trimester. Method: The diagnostic accuracy study was conducted at the Department of Maternity, Al-Yarmouk Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, from January to October 2021,and comprised healthy first-trimester pregnant women in group A and those with missed miscarriage after 7-13 weeks of gestation in group B. Ultrasound findings and the last menstrual period were noted for all the subjects. Total and differential leukocyte counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio were compared between the groups. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Results: Of the 167 women, 81(48.5%) were in group A and 86(51.5%) were in group B. Demographic and obstetrics data was not significantly different between the groups (p>0.05). Mean white blood cell, neutrophil and monocyte counts showed no significant difference between the groups (p>0.05), while lymphocyte count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio were significantly different between the groups (p<0.05). With respect to gestational age, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio had a fair ability to predict missed miscarriage at various time points within the first trimester (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between WBC count and gestational age. Reduced MLR and NLR levels can be utilised to forecast miscarriages in a cost-effective manner. Key Words: Pregnancy, Abortion, Spontaneous, Neutrophils, Monocytes, Gestational, Lymphocytes, Miscarriage

SUBDUCTED BASALTS AND SEDIMENTS AS SOURCES FOR FELSIC DYKES IN THE MAWAT OPHIOLITE, NE IRAQ

The Mawat ophiolite is a fragment from the Neo-Tethyan oceanic lithosphere and is considered as the largest and best-exposed ophiolite within the Zagros Suture Zone, northeast Iraq. Felsic dykes are encountered in three locations in the Mawat ophiolite. Here, we use field work, petrology and geochemical data to investigate the magma sources of the felsic dykes. The felsic dykes are classified into two types: oceanic plagiogranites in the western (Mirza and Ismail, 2007) and leucogranites in the central (Mohammad et al., 2014) Mawat ophiolite, here called tonalites and granites, respectively. Both types, mixed in various proportions occur in the eastern felsic dykes. The eastern tonalites are weakly peraluminous to metaluminous and are low in K2O (0.13-0.24 wt%) and TiO2 (0.01-0.07 wt%) and high in Na2O (6.63-11.02 wt%). The eastern granites are strongly peraluminous, moderate to high in K2O (1.16-6.57 wt%) and Na2O (2.83-6.47 wt%), and very low in TiO2 (0.03-0.07 wt%). The western tonalites are similar to adakites and are interpreted to have crystallized from melts of subducted oceanic crust interacting with the mantle. The eastern tonalites underwent hornblende and plagioclase fractionation in shallow-level magma chambers modifying their original compositions. The granites are interpreted to derive from melting of psammitic sediments on top of the subducted slab. Parental melts of the tonalities and granites were partially mixed in shallow magma chambers in eastern Mawat.</p

Effects of nano particles on antigen-related airway inflammation in mice

BACKGROUND: Particulate matter (PM) can exacerbate allergic airway diseases. Although health effects of PM with a diameter of less than 100 nm have been focused, few studies have elucidated the correlation between the sizes of particles and aggravation of allergic diseases. We investigated the effects of nano particles with a diameter of 14 nm or 56 nm on antigen-related airway inflammation. METHODS: ICR mice were divided into six experimental groups. Vehicle, two sizes of carbon nano particles, ovalbumin (OVA), and OVA + nano particles were administered intratracheally. Cellular profile of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, lung histology, expression of cytokines, chemokines, and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and immunoglobulin production were studied. RESULTS: Nano particles with a diameter of 14 nm or 56 nm aggravated antigen-related airway inflammation characterized by infiltration of eosinophils, neutrophils, and mononuclear cells, and by an increase in the number of goblet cells in the bronchial epithelium. Nano particles with antigen increased protein levels of interleukin (IL)-5, IL-6, and IL-13, eotaxin, macrophage chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and regulated on activation and normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES) in the lung as compared with antigen alone. The formation of 8-OHdG, a proper marker of oxidative stress, was moderately induced by nano particles or antigen alone, and was markedly enhanced by antigen plus nano particles as compared with nano particles or antigen alone. The aggravation was more prominent with 14 nm of nano particles than with 56 nm of particles in overall trend. Particles with a diameter of 14 nm exhibited adjuvant activity for total IgE and antigen-specific IgG(1 )and IgE. CONCLUSION: Nano particles can aggravate antigen-related airway inflammation and immunoglobulin production, which is more prominent with smaller particles. The enhancement may be mediated, at least partly, by the increased local expression of IL-5 and eotaxin, and also by the modulated expression of IL-13, RANTES, MCP-1, and IL-6

Antibiotic susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Saudi Arabia: a national antimicrobial resistance surveillance study

BackgroundPseudomonas aeruginosa is a common pathogen causing healthcare-associated infections. Most surveillance studies from Saudi Arabia that assessed the resistance by P. aeruginosa were conducted in single centers or did not use broth microdilution (BMD), the gold standard test. This is the first national multicenter study to assess the resistance profiles of P. aeruginosa isolates in Saudi Arabia using BMD.MethodsBetween 2022 and 2023, isolates from various infection sites were collected from seven hospitals in seven different regions of Saudi Arabia. The isolates were shipped to an academic microbiology lab, where their susceptibility was tested by BMD following Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines using Sensititre GNX3F plates. %Susceptibility to each antibiotic, and MIC50 and MIC90 were determined.ResultsIn total, 185 P. aeruginosa isolates were collected. Most isolates came from respiratory specimens (34.1%), followed by urine (21.1%) and skin/soft tissue (17.8%). The highest susceptibility was to amikacin (76.8%). Concurrently, susceptibility to meropenem was 52%, but it was 43.8% to colistin. While all P. aeruginosa isolates met the definition of multidrug-resistance, 41 (22.2%) were difficult-to-treat and 10 (5.4%) were pandrug-resistant. Difficult-to-treat isolates made up 30.3% of skin and soft tissue isolates, 25.4% of respiratory isolates, 21.7% of blood isolates, and 17.9% of urine isolates.ConclusionPseudomonas aeruginosa demonstrated an unexpectedly high level of resistance to several commonly used antibiotics. Therefore, antimicrobial stewardship and infection control policies should be strictly enforced by hospitals across the country to optimize treatment, prevent the emergence and spread of resistant strains, and track resistance trends with local antibiograms