Properties of Command Constructions in TİD

This paper focuses on the properties of command constructions in Turkish Sign Language (TİD). The nature and function of manual signs and nonmanual markers in command constructions in TİD are investigated to determine their prosodic, morphological, morphophonological, and syntactic properties. We show that TİD does not utilize any of the properties reported in the literature as an obligatory marker of commands in some spoken and sign languages. The only salient marker of commands we have identified is a nonmanual marker: (forward/sideward) head tilt

Prospective study investigating routine usage of ultrasonography as the initial diagnostic modality for the evaluation of children sustaining blunt abdominal trauma

In this prospective study, 217 children sustaining blunt abdominal trauma were initially evaluated with ultrasonography (US) and those with any abnormal ultrasonographic findings were further evaluated with computed tomography. Results of ultrasonographic examination were normal in 157 children and showed abnormalities such as free intraperitoneal fluid (FIF), intra-abdominal organ injury, and intrapleural fluid in 60 children, Computed tomographic examination of the 42 children with organ injury, the seven children with minimal FIF of no definite source, and the three children with intrapleural fluid revealed findings consistent with ultrasonographic findings, Computed tomographic examination of the eight children with more than minimal FIF of no definite source detected by US showed the source as liver injury in one and spleen injuries in two patients. The source of FIF could not be identified with computed tomography in five patients, After clinic fellow-up examination, one of these five patients was operated on for abdominal tenderness, fever, and. air-fluid levels detected on plain abdominal radiographs, and duodenal perforation was encountered, Clinical courses of the patients with normal ultrasonographic findings mere uneventful, We conclude that US, aside from being a screening tool, is alone sufficient in the evaluation of the majority of the children sustaining blunt abdominal trauma, Although this is a preliminary study with further work needed to be done, we propose that further evaluation with computed tomography should be performed on those children in whom more than minimal FIF of no definite source is detected with US

Induction of Fetal Diuresis with Intraamniotic Furosemide Injection Reduces Intestinal Damage in a Rat Model of Gastroschisis

Background/Purpose: Contact with amniotic fluid causes intestinal damage (ID) in fetuses with gastroschisis. Intraamniotic meconium has been shown to be responsible for ID, and ID has been shown to correlate with intraamniotic meconium concentrations. ID can be prevented by lowering the intraamniotic meconium concentration. A new method to lower intraamniotic meconium concentration might consist in the induction of fetal diuresis with intraamniotic diuretic injection. This hypothesis was tested in a rat model

Intestinal damage in gastroschisis correlates with the concentration of intraamniotic meconium

Background/Purpose: Contact with amniotic fluid (AF) causes intestinal damage in gastroschisis, which has been shown to be caused by intraamniotic meconium. However, whether this intraamniotic meconium-induced intestinal damage is concentration dependent has not been investigated previously. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of intraamniotic human meconium at various concentrations on the intestines of chick embryo with gastroschisis

Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty for the treatment of penile fistulas after hypospadias repair

Objective: Urethrocutaneous fistula is the most common complication of hypospadias repair. Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (TIPU) has been used for the management of distal fistulas. This study reports the usage of TIPU in the treatment of large penile fistulas

Induction of fetal diuresis with intraamniotic furosemide increases the clearance of intraamniotic substances: An alternative therapy aimed at reducing intraamniotic meconium concentration

Background/Purpose: Contact with amniotic fluid (AF) causes intestinal damage in gastroschisis. Intraamniotic meconium has been shown to be responsible for intestinal damage, and occurrence of this damage has been shown to depend on the concentration of intraamniotic meconium. When intraamniotic meconium concentration is lowered below threshold level by exchanging AF with saline in gastroschisis, intestinal damage can be prevented. Theoretically, induction of fetal diuresis with intraamniotic furosemide may increase AF volume and fetal swallowing rate, thus, increase absorption of AF by intestines; therefore, the clearance of meconium from the AF may increase. An experimental study was planned to investigate the effects of intraamniotic diuretic injection on the clearance of intraamniotic substances

Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty for the treatment of penile fistulas after hypospadias repair

Objective: Urethrocutaneous fistula is the most common complication of hypospadias repair. Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (TIPU) has been used for the management of distal fistulas. This study reports the usage of TIPU in the treatment of large penile fistulas