Provenance-Centered Dataset of Drug-Drug Interactions

Over the years several studies have demonstrated the ability to identify potential drug-drug interactions via data mining from the literature (MEDLINE), electronic health records, public databases (Drugbank), etc. While each one of these approaches is properly statistically validated, they do not take into consideration the overlap between them as one of their decision making variables. In this paper we present LInked Drug-Drug Interactions (LIDDI), a public nanopublication-based RDF dataset with trusty URIs that encompasses some of the most cited prediction methods and sources to provide researchers a resource for leveraging the work of others into their prediction methods. As one of the main issues to overcome the usage of external resources is their mappings between drug names and identifiers used, we also provide the set of mappings we curated to be able to compare the multiple sources we aggregate in our dataset.Comment: In Proceedings of the 14th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC) 201

Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Use and Periodontal Health in 15‐ to 44‐Year‐Old US Females

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141038/1/jper1008.pd

Polymorphic variants of SCN1A and EPHX1 influence plasma carbamazepine concentration, metabolism and pharmacoresistance in a population of Kosovar Albanian epileptic patients

Aim The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of gene variants in key genes influencing pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic of carbamazepine (CBZ) on the response in patients with epilepsy. Materials & Methods Five SNPs in two candidate genes influencing CBZ transport and metabolism, namely ABCB1 or EPHX1, and CBZ response SCN1A (sodium channel) were genotyped in 145 epileptic patients treated with CBZ as monotherapy and 100 age and sex matched healthy controls. Plasma concentrations of CBZ, carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (CBZE) and carbamazepine-10,11-trans dihydrodiol (CBZD) were determined by HPLC-UV-DAD and adjusted for CBZ dosage/kg of body weight. Results The presence of the SCN1A IVS5-91G>A variant allele is associated with increased epilepsy susceptibility. Furthermore, carriers of the SCN1A IVS5-91G>A variant or of EPHX1 c.337T>C variant presented significantly lower levels of plasma CBZ compared to carriers of the common alleles (0.71±0.28 vs 1.11±0.69 μg/mL per mg/Kg for SCN1A IVS5-91 AA vs GG and 0.76±0.16 vs 0.94±0.49 μg/mL per mg/Kg for EPHX1 c.337 CC vs TT; PG showed a reduced microsomal epoxide hydrolase activity as reflected by a significantly decreased ratio of CBZD to CBZ (0.13±0.08 to 0.26±0.17, pT SNP and SCN1A 3148A>G variants were not associated with significant changes in CBZ pharmacokinetic. Patients resistant to CBZ treatment showed increased dosage of CBZ (657±285 vs 489±231 mg/day; P<0.001) but also increased plasma levels of CBZ (9.84±4.37 vs 7.41±3.43 μg/mL; P<0.001) compared to patients responsive to CBZ treatment. CBZ resistance was not related to any of the SNPs investigated. Conclusions The SCN1A IVS5-91G>A SNP is associated with susceptibility to epilepsy. SNPs in EPHX1 gene are influencing CBZ metabolism and disposition. CBZ plasma levels are not an indicator of resistance to the therapy

A Functional NQO1 609C>T Polymorphism and Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Meta-Analysis

Background: The functional polymorphism (rs1800566) in the NQO1 gene, a 609C.T substitution, leading to proline-toserine amino-acid and enzyme activity changes, has been implicated in cancer risk, but individually published studies showed inconclusive results. Methodology/Principal Findings: We performed a meta-analysis of 20 publications with a total of 5,491 cases and 5,917 controls, mainly on gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. We summarized the data on the association between the NQO1 609C.T polymorphism and risk of GI cancers and performed subgroup analyses by ethnicity, cancer site, and study quality. We found that the variant CT heterozygous and CT/TT genotypes of the NQO1 609 C.T polymorphism were associated with a modestly increased risk of GI cancers (CT vs. CC: OR = 1.10, 95 % CI = 1.01 – 1.19, P heterogeneity = 0.27, I 2 = 0.15; CT/TT vs. CC: OR = 1.11, 95%CI = 1.02 – 1.20, Pheterogeneity = 0.14; I 2 = 0.27). Following further stratified analyses, the increased risk was only observed in subgroups of Caucasians, colorectal cancer in Caucasians, and high quality studies. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that the NQO1 609T allele is a low-penetrance risk factor for GI cancers. Although the effect on GI cancers may be modified by ethnicity and cancer sites, small sample seizes of the subgroup analyse

A Comparative Investigation into the Relationship between Gingival Health and Oral Hygiene: The Case of Junior and Senior Dentistry Students

Introduction: The present study aimed to explore the impact of preventive dimensions of a dentistry education program on the behavior, oral hygiene, and gingival health of a group of dentistry students of Yazd province. Methods: 51 junior and senior dentistry students of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences volunteered to participate in the study. Participants were asked to fill in the Hiroshima University-Dental Behavioral Inventory (HU-DBI). Also, clinical examinations to assess Gingival Bleeding Index and O'leary Index were conducted. Results: Comparison of junior and senior participants&rsquo; responses to the HU-DBI items indicated a statistically significant difference between the two groups on items 1, 8, 10, 15, 17, 18, 20, and 21. While the senior group showed lower Gingival Bleeding and O'leary indexes in comparison to its junior counterpart, the junior group showed a higher HU-DBI mean score in comparison to the junior group. Furthermore, participants with higher HU-DBI mean scores were found to show lower Gingival Bleeding and O'leary indexes. Conclusion: Findings of the study indicate that junior dentistry students, in comparison to senior ones, had better gingival health and oral hygiene

Investigating Patients’ Attitude Referred to Health Centers of Yazd in Regard with their Inappropriate Beliefs about Dentistry in 2012

Introduction: The role of inappropriate thoughts in preventing an access to desirable level of oral health in society seems to be undeniable. Therefore, this study intends to investigate the patients&rsquo; attitude referred to health centers of Yazd in regard with inappropriate beliefs about dentistry in 2012. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 300 patients referred to oral health centers of Yazd were selected via a two-stage cluster random sampling method. In order to obtain data, a questionnaire was used which its validity was substantiated by a team of specialists and its reliability was confirmed utilizing re-testing via the correlation coefficient of 95%. The questionnaire consisted of two parts: the first part involved the demographic information and the second part entailed the most common beliefs about dentistry. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS ver.16, applying ANOVA, T-test, turkey test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The average score of attitude was 2.87 &plusmn;0.63 out of 5. Half of the patients (50%) revealed a moderate attitude towards dental care and only 14.7% had a high level of attitude. The mean score of inappropriate beliefs demonstrated no significant statistical difference between males and females (P.Value=0.363), though there was a significant relationship among age, education level and career with inappropriate beliefs (P.value= 0.001). Conclusion: The study results revealed that the level of inappropriate beliefs about dentistry was in moderate level in the studied society, which such beliefs belonged to half of the population. Therefore, in order to reach appropriate results regarding oral health, enhancing the knowledge level of individuals seems to be necessitated prior to any planning for health education and preventive cares

Determining the Relationship between Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease on the Panoramic Radiographies

Introduction: Dental caries and periodontal disease are probably the most common oral chronic diseases in worldwide, and their prevalence is progressively increasing from day to day. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between caries and periodontal disease. Methods: In this cross sectional study, 237 panoramic radiographies of patients aged 10 to 65 years (110males and 127 females) were selected utilizing convenience sampling. In order to measure the variables, a graduate caliper with 0/2 mm accuracy and Negatoscope with optimum light were used. Moreover, in order to diagnose the caries and minimize the errors, “calibration” method was selected. Results: There was no significant relationship between crown caries and mean of alveolar bone loss. (p=0/19). As the age increased in patients, the mean of alveolar bone loss also increased and a significant association was detected between the severity of caries, alveolar bone loss and male gender. Conclusion: Generally, no relationship was observed between dental caries and periodontal disease in this study